NSG123 2026 ACTUAL EXAM SCRIPT
TESTED QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ What are HTN clinical manifestation? Answer: "Silent killer" (no
warning or s/s)
But when they do show it's:
1. Retinal Changes such as hemorrhages
Exudates (fluid accumulation)
Cotton wool spots (small infarction)
Papilledema (swelling of the optic disc in severe HTN)
2. Coronary artery disease with angina and myocardial infraction
3. LVH
4. Cerebral vascular disease
◉ What are the stages of HTN? Answer: Normal: <120 & <80
Prehypertension: 120-129 & <80
Stage 1: 130-139 & 80-89
Stage 2: 140-159 & 90-99
HTN CRISIS: greater or equal to 180 and greater or equal to 120
diastole.
,◉ Nursing Intervention for Normal B/P Answer: After having the BP
measured to screen for hypertension, a patient not previously
diagnosed with hypertension and with a normal BP (i.e., SBP less
than 120 mm Hg and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) can be advised to
have the BP reevaluated in 1 year.
◉ Prehypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient without
a prior diagnosis of hypertension with an elevated BP (i.e., SBP 120
to 129 mm Hg and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) should be advised to
follow up with additional BP readings within 3 to 6 months.
◉ Hypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient with a BP
that could be consistent with hypertension; that is, with an SBP
greater than or equal to 130 mm Hg or a DBP greater than or equal
to 80 mm Hg should follow-up with additional BP readings within 1
month's time to either confirm or rule out the diagnosis
◉ What B/P measurements are used to accurately diagnose
someone with HTN? And why? Answer: Home Blood Pressure
Measurements (HBPM)
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements (ABPM)
Because of masked hypertension and white coat hypertension.
, ◉ What patients should not to be instructed to a follow up B/P
measurements? Answer: Patients not instructed to follow up with
additional BP readings to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension are
patients with average BP readings greater than or equal to 160/100
mm Hg on one occasion; these patients are diagnosed with
hypertension and begin treatment with antihypertensive
medications
◉ Sleep apnea and Hypertension Answer: Having obstructive sleep
apnea increases your risk of high blood pressure (hypertension).
Obstructive sleep apnea might also increase your risk of recurrent
heart attack, stroke and abnormal heartbeats, such as atrial
fibrillation. (Google searched)
◉ Primary hypertension Answer: High blood pressure, the cause of
which is unknown; also known as essential hypertension
◉ Secondary hypertension Answer: high blood pressure caused by
the effects of another disease
◉ Primary hypertension Nursing Management Answer: combination
of lifestyle changes: weight loss in overweight persons; increased
physical activity; moderation of alcohol intake; and consumption of a
diet that is higher in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products
and lower in sodium content or the DASH diet.
TESTED QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ What are HTN clinical manifestation? Answer: "Silent killer" (no
warning or s/s)
But when they do show it's:
1. Retinal Changes such as hemorrhages
Exudates (fluid accumulation)
Cotton wool spots (small infarction)
Papilledema (swelling of the optic disc in severe HTN)
2. Coronary artery disease with angina and myocardial infraction
3. LVH
4. Cerebral vascular disease
◉ What are the stages of HTN? Answer: Normal: <120 & <80
Prehypertension: 120-129 & <80
Stage 1: 130-139 & 80-89
Stage 2: 140-159 & 90-99
HTN CRISIS: greater or equal to 180 and greater or equal to 120
diastole.
,◉ Nursing Intervention for Normal B/P Answer: After having the BP
measured to screen for hypertension, a patient not previously
diagnosed with hypertension and with a normal BP (i.e., SBP less
than 120 mm Hg and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) can be advised to
have the BP reevaluated in 1 year.
◉ Prehypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient without
a prior diagnosis of hypertension with an elevated BP (i.e., SBP 120
to 129 mm Hg and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) should be advised to
follow up with additional BP readings within 3 to 6 months.
◉ Hypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient with a BP
that could be consistent with hypertension; that is, with an SBP
greater than or equal to 130 mm Hg or a DBP greater than or equal
to 80 mm Hg should follow-up with additional BP readings within 1
month's time to either confirm or rule out the diagnosis
◉ What B/P measurements are used to accurately diagnose
someone with HTN? And why? Answer: Home Blood Pressure
Measurements (HBPM)
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements (ABPM)
Because of masked hypertension and white coat hypertension.
, ◉ What patients should not to be instructed to a follow up B/P
measurements? Answer: Patients not instructed to follow up with
additional BP readings to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension are
patients with average BP readings greater than or equal to 160/100
mm Hg on one occasion; these patients are diagnosed with
hypertension and begin treatment with antihypertensive
medications
◉ Sleep apnea and Hypertension Answer: Having obstructive sleep
apnea increases your risk of high blood pressure (hypertension).
Obstructive sleep apnea might also increase your risk of recurrent
heart attack, stroke and abnormal heartbeats, such as atrial
fibrillation. (Google searched)
◉ Primary hypertension Answer: High blood pressure, the cause of
which is unknown; also known as essential hypertension
◉ Secondary hypertension Answer: high blood pressure caused by
the effects of another disease
◉ Primary hypertension Nursing Management Answer: combination
of lifestyle changes: weight loss in overweight persons; increased
physical activity; moderation of alcohol intake; and consumption of a
diet that is higher in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products
and lower in sodium content or the DASH diet.
