PRACTICE EXAMINATION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ three drivers to customer equity.
Answer: Value- value of products or servicesBrand- value of brand
compared to competitorsRetention- likeliness that a customer will maintain
loyalty regardless of change. (Customer point of view)
◍ Analytical benefit of CRM.
Answer: Use data to understand who the company's core customers are, how
they behave, what they are looking for, and how satisfied they are
◍ Choice.
Answer: Consumers should be given options to control how their data is
used by opting in or opting out.
◍ Distributive view.
Answer: A traditional fixed-pie approach. Negotiators see the situation as a
pie that they have to divide between them. Each tries to get more of the pie
and win.
◍ Customer.
Answer: is the individual (or company) who buys the product from a
business. In some transactions they are the same person, but in other
transactions, they are different entities.
◍ Price Discrimination.
Answer: Giving different prices to different people who are buying the same
product. (type of price ethics)
◍ Concentrated Marketing.
, Answer: also called niche marketing, is a strategy that targets only one or a
few very defined and specific segments of the consumer population. The
goal is to achieve high penetration among the narrowly defined target
segments.
◍ Opinion leader.
Answer: is a specific individual that is considered an expert in a specific
area. (blogger, professional athlete, influencers)
◍ Low involvement purchase decisions.
Answer: Purchase decision that has less importance purchases, typically
routine. Little risk in purchase. No time taken in decision making.
◍ Problem and opportunity recognition.
Answer: The Consumer recognizes a need
◍ (?) High Growth Potential/Low Market Share.
Answer: product or business that has low market share currently but is in a
growing industry. Has the potential to become a star or a Dog and growth
potential requires close monitoring. (BCG Matrix)
◍ SMART.
Answer: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Result-oriented, Time bound
◍ Survey Research.
Answer: questionnaires are given to people in target market, people are
asked to respond. (six primary research techniques)
◍ Marketing Research.
Answer: is the process of systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing
data about customers, competitors, and the market.
◍ experimental research.
Answer: Testing the effect of varying a factor or a set of factors in a
marketing artifact
◍ Product category positioning strategy.
Answer: Positioning a product within a product category where there is
, strong recognition for the category and brand
◍ Indirect distribution.
Answer: involves marketing intermediaries, or organizations that assist in
moving goods and services from producers to end user and consumers.
(Type of Distribution)
◍ six primary research techniques.
Answer: Observation, In-depth interview, Focus Groups, Social Listening,
Survey Research, and Experiments,
◍ Administrated Vertical marketing systems.
Answer: A leader facilitates production and distribution. One company
controls a variety of distributions and productions. (vertical marketing
system)
◍ Predatory Pricing (Undercutting).
Answer: prices of products or services are priced low to drive out
competitors (type of price ethics)
◍ External factors.
Answer: Technology, competition, economic, political, legal, and social
trends. Divided into Opportunities and Treats .(Type of SWOT analysis
factor)
◍ value equity.
Answer: how the customer assesses the value of the product or service
provided by the company
◍ Commercial marketing research companies.
Answer: Syndicated research of consumer data for purchase. Consumer
purchase and behavior info for sale. (five common techniques for sourcing
secondary data)
◍ internal data.
Answer: A company's internal data, such as sales and marketing records,
customer account information, product purchasing, and usage data are
, typical secondary data sources.
◍ Internal factors.
Answer: Financial, technical, competition position, human resources,
product line factors. Divided into strengths and weaknesses. (Type of
SWOT analysis factor)
◍ decision.
Answer: Consumer makes a decision whether or not to purchase a product
or service
◍ Factors that contribute to B2B purchase decisions.
Answer: Interpersonal; Organization; environmental
◍ Bargaining power of Buyers.
Answer: Customers put company under pressure, buyers are more sensitive
to price changes, buyers have more power than suppliers. (five forces
identified in Porter's five forces model)
◍ Threat of new entrants.
Answer: From the view of the current companies in the market, profitable
markets that yield high returns will attract new companies.
◍ Question mark.
Answer: A product or business that has low market share currently, but is in
a growing industry.
◍ Differentiated marketing strategy.
Answer: is one in which the company decides to provide separate offerings
to each different market segment that it targets. It is also called
multisegment marketing
◍ Guerilla marketing.
Answer: Marketing communication that is generally experiential and often
involves unconventional, innovative, and usually low-cost marketing tactics
to engage consumers in the marketing activity, generate attention, and
achieve maximum exposure for an organization, its products, and services.