NU155 EXAM 2 2026 KEY TOPICS AND
RATIONALE BASED LEARNING GUIDE
◉ Which intervention is most appropriate after bronchoscopy?
Answer: Assess gag reflex
◉ Which condition causes a barrel chest appearance? Answer: COPD
◉ What is the purpose of incentive spirometry? Answer: Expand
alveoli
◉ Which sign indicates respiratory distress in infants? Answer:
Nasal flaring
◉ Which ABG result suggests respiratory acidosis? Answer: pH 7.32,
CO2 55
◉ Which patient is at greatest risk for aspiration? Answer: A stroke
patient with dysphagia
◉ What is the function of surfactant in the lungs? Answer: reduce
surface tension
,◉ What is the normal oxygen saturation range? Answer: 95-100%
◉ What color sputum is commonly seen in pneumonia? Answer:
Rust-colored
◉ A patient complains of sudden chest pain and SOB. What is the
priority? Answer: Check oxygen saturation
◉ Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a COPD patient?
Answer: Ineffective breathing pattern
◉ What instruction is best for collecting a sputum sample? Answer:
Collect first thing in the morning
◉ Which of the following conditions causes increased tactile
fremitus? Answer: Pneumonia
◉ Which is a common cause of respiratory alkalosis? Answer:
Anxiety with hyperventilation
◉ What is the priority teaching for a patient using a metered-dose
inhaler? Answer: Shake before use
, ◉ Which oxygen delivery method gives the most precise FiO₂?
Answer: Venturi mask
◉ What is the first step if a patient becomes unresponsive with
absent respirations? Answer: Begin CPR
◉ A nurse notes paradoxical chest movement in a trauma patient.
What does this suggest? Answer: Flail chest
◉ What is the primary symptom of bacterial pneumonia? Answer:
Productive cough with purulent sputum
◉ Which diagnostic test confirms a pneumonia diagnosis? Answer:
Chest X-ray
◉ What is the priority nursing action for a patient with pneumonia
and an oxygen saturation of 88%? Answer: Apply oxygen
◉ Which symptom is characteristic of tuberculosis (TB)? Answer:
Night sweats
◉ What is the priority teaching for a patient newly diagnosed with
TB? Answer: Complete the full medication regimen
RATIONALE BASED LEARNING GUIDE
◉ Which intervention is most appropriate after bronchoscopy?
Answer: Assess gag reflex
◉ Which condition causes a barrel chest appearance? Answer: COPD
◉ What is the purpose of incentive spirometry? Answer: Expand
alveoli
◉ Which sign indicates respiratory distress in infants? Answer:
Nasal flaring
◉ Which ABG result suggests respiratory acidosis? Answer: pH 7.32,
CO2 55
◉ Which patient is at greatest risk for aspiration? Answer: A stroke
patient with dysphagia
◉ What is the function of surfactant in the lungs? Answer: reduce
surface tension
,◉ What is the normal oxygen saturation range? Answer: 95-100%
◉ What color sputum is commonly seen in pneumonia? Answer:
Rust-colored
◉ A patient complains of sudden chest pain and SOB. What is the
priority? Answer: Check oxygen saturation
◉ Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a COPD patient?
Answer: Ineffective breathing pattern
◉ What instruction is best for collecting a sputum sample? Answer:
Collect first thing in the morning
◉ Which of the following conditions causes increased tactile
fremitus? Answer: Pneumonia
◉ Which is a common cause of respiratory alkalosis? Answer:
Anxiety with hyperventilation
◉ What is the priority teaching for a patient using a metered-dose
inhaler? Answer: Shake before use
, ◉ Which oxygen delivery method gives the most precise FiO₂?
Answer: Venturi mask
◉ What is the first step if a patient becomes unresponsive with
absent respirations? Answer: Begin CPR
◉ A nurse notes paradoxical chest movement in a trauma patient.
What does this suggest? Answer: Flail chest
◉ What is the primary symptom of bacterial pneumonia? Answer:
Productive cough with purulent sputum
◉ Which diagnostic test confirms a pneumonia diagnosis? Answer:
Chest X-ray
◉ What is the priority nursing action for a patient with pneumonia
and an oxygen saturation of 88%? Answer: Apply oxygen
◉ Which symptom is characteristic of tuberculosis (TB)? Answer:
Night sweats
◉ What is the priority teaching for a patient newly diagnosed with
TB? Answer: Complete the full medication regimen
