MIS 6713 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026

MIS 6713 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026 Moore's Law - Answers Refers to the computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months/ 2 years Functional Manager - Answers knowledge worker in charge of a functional area or team General Manager - Answers Knowledge worker in charge of an entire organization or business unit 3 parts/types of information systems - Answers formal sociotechnical organizational Formal Information System - Answers pre-defined structures and procedures Sociotechnical Information System - Answers involve people and technology specifically, connecting people through their work with technology Organizational Information System - Answers developed and maintained by organizational actors Information Systems - Answers Formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information 4 components of information systems - Answers technology process people structure Information Technology - Answers the tools that knowledge workers use to find and create information hardware, software, and telecommunication equipment cornerstone of IS (furner disputes this with winery example) enables and constrains other parts of the IS Processes - Answers series of steps necessary to complete a business activity can be mapped with roles for the actors Common root cause of IS failure - Answers discrepancies in processes obstacles to following processes People in IS - Answers most expensive and valuable component weakest element/most likely to fail in IS Types of people in IS - Answers end users managers IT professionals Organizational Structure encompasses - Answers organizational design reporting configuration organizational relationships 3 levels of organizational change - Answers 1st order: automate 2nd order: informate 3rd order: transform 1st order change (automate) - Answers only affects technical system easiest of order changes example: turning in paper in person vs on sharepoint 2nd order change (informate) - Answers affects people harder because people resist change example: computerized customer service 3rd order change (transform) - Answers affects structure hardest, riskiest, and most rare example: going from 100% brick & mortar to 100% online model 3 categories of systems - Answers hierarchical functional process Hierarchical Perspective - Answers operational level management level executive level focus on users- each level has their own system lack of integration Functional Perspective - Answers groups systems by different functions focus on users lack of integration Characteristics of ERP - Answers modularity application and data integration configurability ERP Advantages - Answers efficiency responsiveness knowledge infusion adaptability ERP Limitations - Answers trade off b/t standardization and flexibility limitations of best practice software potential for strategic clashes high costs/risks of implementation process CRM Characteristics - Answers strategic initiative - NOT a technology, IT is enabler relies on personal & transactional data objective is to help firm use cust data to make inferences Knowledge Management Challenges - Answers organization, retrieval, classification implementation of existing knowledge getting knowledge into the system (tacit knowledge, resistance) Barney's Resource Theory - Answers In order to foster sustained competitive advantage, a resource must be rare, valuable, difficult to substantiate and heterogeneously distributed across players in an industry (1991) Main Components of BI - Answers data warehouse data mart query and reporting tools online analytical processing (OLAP) dating mining Descriptive Analytics - Answers The focus on what has occurred Predictive Analytics - Answers The focus on what will occur Prescriptive Analytics - Answers the focus on what should occur 3 Vs of Data Evolution ON THE TEST - Answers Volume-amount of data to store/manage Velocity-the speed of creation/use of new data Variety-kind of data to be stored/managed Big Data Challenges - Answers bigger things harder to work with far more noise more to crunch not everything is valuable Upskilling - Answers to improve the aptitude for work of (a person) by additional training may happen to employees kept after automation Network Economics - Answers the more people that use it, the more valuable it is Types of Networks - Answers Physical Networks Virtual Networks Physical Networks - Answers the nodes of the network are connected by physical links - Telephone network - Railroad network Virtual Networks - Answers the connections b/t network nodes are intangible and invisible. The nodes of a virtual network are typically people rather than devices -instagram network -skype network Network Size - Answers the value of the network is how many nodes it has -you can reach lots of users on insta -you can reach more destinations on big airlines Positive Feedback - Answers any reinforcing mechanism that causes stronger firms to get stronger and weaker firms to get weaker self-reinforcing, not neccessarily better virtuous cycle or vicious cycles depending on the firm Negative Feedback - Answers the stronger get weaker and weaker get stronger economies of scale issue Network Effects - Answers occur when a new node (waze user) creates value for other members (identifies cop on route) by making network larger and more valuable Spillover Effect - Answers created by network effect positive for members of growing network, negative for others Evangelist Effect - Answers dynamic where more users spread the word or tell their contacts about a network seeking to convince others to join the network current members "spread the word" and convince others to join the network speeds up adoption can be personal incentive or encouraged by platform drives network effect How to Survive if Losing - Answers become compatible w/ dominant player -airlines since 1990 find a niche different from broader market but big enough to sustain the firm Tippy Market - Answers the influence of positive feedwork and network effect is strong making it possible for a single competitor to become dominant one that is subject to strong positive feedback such as the market could move in favor of the firm so as to reach critical mass and dominate it -characterized by by consumers who don't want both at once and network effects are strong Tipping Point - Answers represents the moment in the evolution of the market where one org or tech reaches critical mass and goes on to dominate -point of no return where winners go on and losers die -vhs over betamax Example of Non Tippy Market? - Answers automotive GPS navigation market (standalone) -Garmin vs TomTom 2 factors to recognize a Tippy Market - Answers presence of strength of economies of scale and network effects the variety of customer needs Two-Sided Network - Answers have two types of members, each creating value for the other examples -users & suppliers of content (adobe PDF) -buyers & suppliers of goods (online procurement mkt) Marketplace - Answers two sided (or multi-sided) network where demand and supply meet Platforms - Answers two sided network with specific members on the two sides: users and developers (eg IOS, android) Threshold of Significance - Answers time it takes to reach tipping point cycles are getting shorter over time Data - Answers codified raw facts- things that that have happened are coded as numbers and letters and stored increasingly by digital devices Information - Answers "data in context" when data is given meaning and can be interpreted by individual users or machines Data Hierarchy - Answers data - information - knowledge - expertise Information is: (4 things) - Answers customizable reusable often time valued capable of achieving high gross profit margins Richness - Answers represents the amount of information that can be transmitted, the degree to which the information can be tailored to individual needs, and the level of interactivity of the message Reach - Answers represents the number of possible recipients of the message Process Virtualization Theory - Answers helps determine which processes have the potential to be successfully virtualized Virtualizability process depends on 4 elements: - Answers sensory requirements -wine tasting example relationship requirements -doctoral student mentorship example synchronism requirements -acting quickly (not on test) identification and control requirement -cheating in online classes example