SEVI TEST #2 (WELSH ADDITIONAL LEARNING NEEDS / SPECIAL EDUCATION
EXAM/ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS RATIONALES/NEWEST UPDATE
2026
Question 1
What does the acronym "ALN" stand for in the context of the 2018 Welsh legislation?
A) Associated Learning Norms
B) Additional Learning Needs
C) Assisted Literacy Network
D) Advanced Learning Negotiation
E) Alternative Learning Needs
Correct Answer: B) Additional Learning Needs
Rationale: Under the Additional Learning Needs and Education Tribunal (Wales) Act 2018, the
term "Additional Learning Needs" (ALN) replaced the previous terms "Special Educational
Needs" (SEN) and "Learning Difficulties and/or Disabilities" (LDD) to create a single unified
system for ages 0–25.
Question 2
What is the primary statutory document that replaces Statements of SEN and Individual Education
Plans (IEPs) in Wales?
A) Personal Education Plan (PEP)
B) Individual Development Plan (IDP)
C) Special Needs Agreement (SNA)
D) Learning Support Record (LSR)
E) Universal Support Plan (USP)
Correct Answer: B) Individual Development Plan (IDP)
Rationale: The IDP is the cornerstone of the Welsh ALN reform. It is a legal document that
outlines a person's needs and the additional learning provision (ALP) required to meet those
needs, providing a consistent right to support regardless of the severity of the need.
Question 3
The ALN Act in Wales covers children and young people from what age range?
A) 3 to 16 years
B) 5 to 18 years
C) 0 to 25 years
D) 4 to 19 years
E) 0 to 18 years
Correct Answer: C) 0 to 25 years
Rationale: The 2018 Act extended the rights of support to include children from birth and
young people up to the age of 25, ensuring a smoother transition from early years to school,
and from school to post-16 education or training.
Question 4
Which of the following is the legal definition of "Additional Learning Provision" (ALP) for a person
over the age of 3?
, 2
A) Standard classroom teaching provided to all students
B) Educational or training provision that is additional to, or different from, that made generally for
others of the same age
C) Private tutoring funded by the parents
D) Medical treatment provided in a hospital setting
E) Extracurricular activities such as sports or music clubs
Correct Answer: B) Educational or training provision that is additional to, or different from,
that made generally for others of the same age
Rationale: ALP is specifically defined as support that goes beyond the "universal offer" of a
school. If a child requires ALP, they are legally identified as having ALN and are entitled to an
IDP.
Question 5
Who has the primary statutory duty to decide whether a child at a maintained school in Wales has
ALN?
A) The Welsh Government
B) The School Governing Body
C) The Local Health Board
D) The Social Services Department
E) The Parent-Teacher Association
Correct Answer: B) The School Governing Body
Rationale: In the first instance, the governing body of a maintained school is responsible for
identifying if a pupil has ALN and ensuring an IDP is prepared, though this duty is usually
delegated to the ALNCo.
Question 6
What does the acronym "ALNCo" stand for?
A) Additional Learning Needs Coordinator
B) Area Learning Network Council
C) Assisted Literacy National Committee
D) Associated Learning Needs Officer
E) Advanced Learning Needs Consultant
Correct Answer: A) Additional Learning Needs Coordinator
Rationale: The ALNCo is a statutory role within every maintained school in Wales. They are
responsible for the strategic management of ALN and ensuring that the requirements of the
ALN Code are met for all pupils.
Question 7
Under the Welsh ALN system, what must be the central focus of the decision-making process?
A) The school's budget constraints
, 3
B) The availability of local teaching staff
C) The views, wishes, and feelings of the child and their parents
D) The national average test scores
E) The physical size of the classroom
Correct Answer: C) The views, wishes, and feelings of the child and their parents
Rationale: The Act emphasizes "Person-Centered Practice" (PCP). This means that the child
or young person must be at the center of the process, and their input is vital in designing the
IDP to ensure it is effective and meaningful.
Question 8
Which principle ensures that children with ALN are educated alongside their peers who do not have
ALN, wherever possible?
A) Exclusionary Principle
B) Principle of Segregation
C) Principle of Inclusive Education
D) Direct Instruction Model
E) Academic Selection Principle
Correct Answer: C) Principle of Inclusive Education
Rationale: The ALN Code for Wales favors inclusive education, stating that children with ALN
should be educated in mainstream maintained schools unless it is incompatible with the
wishes of the parent/young person or the provision of efficient education for others.
Question 9
If a parent or young person is dissatisfied with a decision regarding an IDP, to which body can they
appeal?
A) The High Court of Wales
B) The Education Tribunal for Wales (ETW)
C) The Parish Council
D) The Office of the Chief Inspector
E) The Board of Governors’ Disciplinary Committee
Correct Answer: B) The Education Tribunal for Wales (ETW)
Rationale: The ETW is the independent body that hears appeals against decisions made by
Local Authorities or Further Education Institutions regarding ALN and IDPs.
Question 10
A child has a "Learning Difficulty" under the Act if they have a significantly greater difficulty in
learning than the majority of:
A) Their older siblings
B) Children of the same age
C) Children in the same neighborhood
EXAM/ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS RATIONALES/NEWEST UPDATE
2026
Question 1
What does the acronym "ALN" stand for in the context of the 2018 Welsh legislation?
A) Associated Learning Norms
B) Additional Learning Needs
C) Assisted Literacy Network
D) Advanced Learning Negotiation
E) Alternative Learning Needs
Correct Answer: B) Additional Learning Needs
Rationale: Under the Additional Learning Needs and Education Tribunal (Wales) Act 2018, the
term "Additional Learning Needs" (ALN) replaced the previous terms "Special Educational
Needs" (SEN) and "Learning Difficulties and/or Disabilities" (LDD) to create a single unified
system for ages 0–25.
Question 2
What is the primary statutory document that replaces Statements of SEN and Individual Education
Plans (IEPs) in Wales?
A) Personal Education Plan (PEP)
B) Individual Development Plan (IDP)
C) Special Needs Agreement (SNA)
D) Learning Support Record (LSR)
E) Universal Support Plan (USP)
Correct Answer: B) Individual Development Plan (IDP)
Rationale: The IDP is the cornerstone of the Welsh ALN reform. It is a legal document that
outlines a person's needs and the additional learning provision (ALP) required to meet those
needs, providing a consistent right to support regardless of the severity of the need.
Question 3
The ALN Act in Wales covers children and young people from what age range?
A) 3 to 16 years
B) 5 to 18 years
C) 0 to 25 years
D) 4 to 19 years
E) 0 to 18 years
Correct Answer: C) 0 to 25 years
Rationale: The 2018 Act extended the rights of support to include children from birth and
young people up to the age of 25, ensuring a smoother transition from early years to school,
and from school to post-16 education or training.
Question 4
Which of the following is the legal definition of "Additional Learning Provision" (ALP) for a person
over the age of 3?
, 2
A) Standard classroom teaching provided to all students
B) Educational or training provision that is additional to, or different from, that made generally for
others of the same age
C) Private tutoring funded by the parents
D) Medical treatment provided in a hospital setting
E) Extracurricular activities such as sports or music clubs
Correct Answer: B) Educational or training provision that is additional to, or different from,
that made generally for others of the same age
Rationale: ALP is specifically defined as support that goes beyond the "universal offer" of a
school. If a child requires ALP, they are legally identified as having ALN and are entitled to an
IDP.
Question 5
Who has the primary statutory duty to decide whether a child at a maintained school in Wales has
ALN?
A) The Welsh Government
B) The School Governing Body
C) The Local Health Board
D) The Social Services Department
E) The Parent-Teacher Association
Correct Answer: B) The School Governing Body
Rationale: In the first instance, the governing body of a maintained school is responsible for
identifying if a pupil has ALN and ensuring an IDP is prepared, though this duty is usually
delegated to the ALNCo.
Question 6
What does the acronym "ALNCo" stand for?
A) Additional Learning Needs Coordinator
B) Area Learning Network Council
C) Assisted Literacy National Committee
D) Associated Learning Needs Officer
E) Advanced Learning Needs Consultant
Correct Answer: A) Additional Learning Needs Coordinator
Rationale: The ALNCo is a statutory role within every maintained school in Wales. They are
responsible for the strategic management of ALN and ensuring that the requirements of the
ALN Code are met for all pupils.
Question 7
Under the Welsh ALN system, what must be the central focus of the decision-making process?
A) The school's budget constraints
, 3
B) The availability of local teaching staff
C) The views, wishes, and feelings of the child and their parents
D) The national average test scores
E) The physical size of the classroom
Correct Answer: C) The views, wishes, and feelings of the child and their parents
Rationale: The Act emphasizes "Person-Centered Practice" (PCP). This means that the child
or young person must be at the center of the process, and their input is vital in designing the
IDP to ensure it is effective and meaningful.
Question 8
Which principle ensures that children with ALN are educated alongside their peers who do not have
ALN, wherever possible?
A) Exclusionary Principle
B) Principle of Segregation
C) Principle of Inclusive Education
D) Direct Instruction Model
E) Academic Selection Principle
Correct Answer: C) Principle of Inclusive Education
Rationale: The ALN Code for Wales favors inclusive education, stating that children with ALN
should be educated in mainstream maintained schools unless it is incompatible with the
wishes of the parent/young person or the provision of efficient education for others.
Question 9
If a parent or young person is dissatisfied with a decision regarding an IDP, to which body can they
appeal?
A) The High Court of Wales
B) The Education Tribunal for Wales (ETW)
C) The Parish Council
D) The Office of the Chief Inspector
E) The Board of Governors’ Disciplinary Committee
Correct Answer: B) The Education Tribunal for Wales (ETW)
Rationale: The ETW is the independent body that hears appeals against decisions made by
Local Authorities or Further Education Institutions regarding ALN and IDPs.
Question 10
A child has a "Learning Difficulty" under the Act if they have a significantly greater difficulty in
learning than the majority of:
A) Their older siblings
B) Children of the same age
C) Children in the same neighborhood
