NURS 5434/ NURS5434 HTN QUIZ – FAMILY III (FNP 3) REVIEW| UTA
(LATEST 2026 UPDATE) 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |
GRADE A
Question 1
According to current clinical guidelines, at what age should routine annual blood pressure (BP)
screening begin for healthy children?
A) Birth
B) 1 year old
C) 2 years old
D) 3 years old
E) 5 years old
Correct Answer: D) 3 years old
Rationale: Routine BP screening is recommended annually for all children starting at age 3.
For children under 3, BP should only be measured at every visit if they have specific risk
factors such as a history of prematurity, low birth weight, renal disease, or congenital heart
disease.
Question 2
A 10-year-old child presents for a well-child visit with a BP in the 92nd percentile for their age,
sex, and height. How should the provider initially manage this "Elevated BP"?
A) Start an ACE inhibitor immediately.
B) Refer to a pediatric nephrologist today.
C) Provide lifestyle recommendations and recheck BP in 6 months.
D) Order an urgent echocardiogram.
E) Recheck the BP in 1 week.
Correct Answer: C) Provide lifestyle recommendations and recheck BP in 6 months.
Rationale: For children aged 1–13, "Elevated BP" is defined as the 90th to 95th percentile
(or 120/80 to <95th percentile). Initial management consists of lifestyle modifications (diet
and exercise) with a follow-up BP check in 6 months. If still elevated after 6 months,
lifestyle is continued and BP is checked again in another 6 months.
Question 3
Which of the following is the definitive requirement for diagnosing pediatric hypertension?
A) One single BP reading above the 95th percentile.
, 2
B) Two readings above the 90th percentile taken in the same visit.
C) Auscultatory BP ≥95th percentile on three separate visits.
D) A single BP reading of 130/80 mmHg in a 5-year-old.
E) A parent’s report of high readings at home.
Correct Answer: C) Auscultatory BP ≥95th percentile on three separate visits.
Rationale: Pediatric HTN cannot be diagnosed on a single reading. It requires auscultatory
(manual) BP measurements to be at or above the 95th percentile on three separate clinical
encounters. Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) is often used to confirm the diagnosis and
rule out white-coat hypertension.
Question 4
A 14-year-old adolescent has a blood pressure of 132/84 mmHg. According to the guidelines for
children ≥13 years, how is this BP classified?
A) Normal
B) Elevated
C) Stage 1 Hypertension
D) Stage 2 Hypertension
E) Hypertensive Urgency
Correct Answer: C) Stage 1 Hypertension
Rationale: For adolescents aged 13 and older, the adult BP categories apply. Stage 1 HTN is
defined as 130/80 to 139/89 mmHg. Stage 2 HTN begins at ≥140/90 mmHg. Elevated BP in
this age group is 120–129/<80 mmHg.
Question 5
To ensure an accurate BP reading in a pediatric patient, the provider must select the correct cuff
size. What are the appropriate dimensions for a pediatric BP cuff?
A) The width should be 20% of the arm circumference.
B) The width should be 40% of the arm circumference, and the bladder should cover 80–100%
of the arm circumference.
C) The bladder should cover 50% of the arm length.
D) The cuff should cover the entire upper arm from shoulder to elbow.
, 3
E) The bladder should be 100% of the arm length.
Correct Answer: B) The width should be 40% of the arm circumference, and the bladder
should cover 80–100% of the arm circumference.
Rationale: Using an incorrectly sized cuff is a common source of error. A cuff that is too
small will provide a falsely high reading, while one that is too large will provide a falsely
low reading. The 40/80 rule ensures the cuff is proportional to the child's limb size.
Question 6
A 7-year-old is diagnosed with Stage 2 Hypertension. Which of the following is the most
appropriate next step in the clinical workup?
A) Repeat the BP in 6 months.
B) Check upper and lower extremity BPs and refer to a specialist within 1 week.
C) Start a high-dose diuretic and recheck in 1 month.
D) Only provide a DASH diet brochure.
E) Tell the parents the child will likely outgrow it.
Correct Answer: B) Check upper and lower extremity BPs and refer to a specialist within 1
week.
Rationale: Stage 2 HTN in a young child is a high-risk finding. The provider should check
pressures in both the arms and legs to screen for coarctation of the aorta (a secondary
cause) and ensure the child is seen by a specialist (pediatric nephrologist or cardiologist)
promptly.
Question 7
Which of the following classes of medication is considered an approved first-line treatment for
pediatric hypertension?
A) Beta-blockers
B) Alpha-agonists
C) ACE inhibitors (ACEIs)
D) Loop diuretics
E) Potassium-sparing diuretics
Correct Answer: C) ACE inhibitors (ACEIs)
, 4
Rationale: ACEIs, ARBs, Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), and Thiazide diuretics are the
four main classes approved for use in pediatric hypertension. ACEIs or ARBs are often
preferred first-line, especially in children with diabetes or chronic kidney disease (CKD),
due to their renal protective effects.
Question 8
When is an echocardiogram (Echo) indicated in the management of pediatric hypertension?
A) For every child with "Elevated BP" on the first visit.
B) Only if the child is an athlete.
C) In Stage 2 HTN or when target organ damage (TOD) is suspected.
D) Only if the child has a heart murmur.
E) Echo is never used in pediatric HTN management.
Correct Answer: C) In Stage 2 HTN or when target organ damage (TOD) is suspected.
Rationale: An Echo is required to assess for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), which is
a primary indicator of target organ damage from chronic high blood pressure. It is
indicated for symptomatic HTN, Stage 2 HTN, and HTN associated with CKD or DM.
Question 9
What is the most common etiology of hypertension in children under the age of 13?
A) Primary (Essential) Hypertension
B) Obesity
C) Secondary causes, most commonly renal parenchymal disease
D) Excessive caffeine intake
E) Stress
Correct Answer: C) Secondary causes, most commonly renal parenchymal disease
Rationale: While primary HTN is becoming more common due to rising obesity rates, the
majority of hypertension in younger children (<13) is secondary to an underlying
condition. Renal parenchymal diseases and renovascular diseases are the leading causes in
this age group.
(LATEST 2026 UPDATE) 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |
GRADE A
Question 1
According to current clinical guidelines, at what age should routine annual blood pressure (BP)
screening begin for healthy children?
A) Birth
B) 1 year old
C) 2 years old
D) 3 years old
E) 5 years old
Correct Answer: D) 3 years old
Rationale: Routine BP screening is recommended annually for all children starting at age 3.
For children under 3, BP should only be measured at every visit if they have specific risk
factors such as a history of prematurity, low birth weight, renal disease, or congenital heart
disease.
Question 2
A 10-year-old child presents for a well-child visit with a BP in the 92nd percentile for their age,
sex, and height. How should the provider initially manage this "Elevated BP"?
A) Start an ACE inhibitor immediately.
B) Refer to a pediatric nephrologist today.
C) Provide lifestyle recommendations and recheck BP in 6 months.
D) Order an urgent echocardiogram.
E) Recheck the BP in 1 week.
Correct Answer: C) Provide lifestyle recommendations and recheck BP in 6 months.
Rationale: For children aged 1–13, "Elevated BP" is defined as the 90th to 95th percentile
(or 120/80 to <95th percentile). Initial management consists of lifestyle modifications (diet
and exercise) with a follow-up BP check in 6 months. If still elevated after 6 months,
lifestyle is continued and BP is checked again in another 6 months.
Question 3
Which of the following is the definitive requirement for diagnosing pediatric hypertension?
A) One single BP reading above the 95th percentile.
, 2
B) Two readings above the 90th percentile taken in the same visit.
C) Auscultatory BP ≥95th percentile on three separate visits.
D) A single BP reading of 130/80 mmHg in a 5-year-old.
E) A parent’s report of high readings at home.
Correct Answer: C) Auscultatory BP ≥95th percentile on three separate visits.
Rationale: Pediatric HTN cannot be diagnosed on a single reading. It requires auscultatory
(manual) BP measurements to be at or above the 95th percentile on three separate clinical
encounters. Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) is often used to confirm the diagnosis and
rule out white-coat hypertension.
Question 4
A 14-year-old adolescent has a blood pressure of 132/84 mmHg. According to the guidelines for
children ≥13 years, how is this BP classified?
A) Normal
B) Elevated
C) Stage 1 Hypertension
D) Stage 2 Hypertension
E) Hypertensive Urgency
Correct Answer: C) Stage 1 Hypertension
Rationale: For adolescents aged 13 and older, the adult BP categories apply. Stage 1 HTN is
defined as 130/80 to 139/89 mmHg. Stage 2 HTN begins at ≥140/90 mmHg. Elevated BP in
this age group is 120–129/<80 mmHg.
Question 5
To ensure an accurate BP reading in a pediatric patient, the provider must select the correct cuff
size. What are the appropriate dimensions for a pediatric BP cuff?
A) The width should be 20% of the arm circumference.
B) The width should be 40% of the arm circumference, and the bladder should cover 80–100%
of the arm circumference.
C) The bladder should cover 50% of the arm length.
D) The cuff should cover the entire upper arm from shoulder to elbow.
, 3
E) The bladder should be 100% of the arm length.
Correct Answer: B) The width should be 40% of the arm circumference, and the bladder
should cover 80–100% of the arm circumference.
Rationale: Using an incorrectly sized cuff is a common source of error. A cuff that is too
small will provide a falsely high reading, while one that is too large will provide a falsely
low reading. The 40/80 rule ensures the cuff is proportional to the child's limb size.
Question 6
A 7-year-old is diagnosed with Stage 2 Hypertension. Which of the following is the most
appropriate next step in the clinical workup?
A) Repeat the BP in 6 months.
B) Check upper and lower extremity BPs and refer to a specialist within 1 week.
C) Start a high-dose diuretic and recheck in 1 month.
D) Only provide a DASH diet brochure.
E) Tell the parents the child will likely outgrow it.
Correct Answer: B) Check upper and lower extremity BPs and refer to a specialist within 1
week.
Rationale: Stage 2 HTN in a young child is a high-risk finding. The provider should check
pressures in both the arms and legs to screen for coarctation of the aorta (a secondary
cause) and ensure the child is seen by a specialist (pediatric nephrologist or cardiologist)
promptly.
Question 7
Which of the following classes of medication is considered an approved first-line treatment for
pediatric hypertension?
A) Beta-blockers
B) Alpha-agonists
C) ACE inhibitors (ACEIs)
D) Loop diuretics
E) Potassium-sparing diuretics
Correct Answer: C) ACE inhibitors (ACEIs)
, 4
Rationale: ACEIs, ARBs, Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), and Thiazide diuretics are the
four main classes approved for use in pediatric hypertension. ACEIs or ARBs are often
preferred first-line, especially in children with diabetes or chronic kidney disease (CKD),
due to their renal protective effects.
Question 8
When is an echocardiogram (Echo) indicated in the management of pediatric hypertension?
A) For every child with "Elevated BP" on the first visit.
B) Only if the child is an athlete.
C) In Stage 2 HTN or when target organ damage (TOD) is suspected.
D) Only if the child has a heart murmur.
E) Echo is never used in pediatric HTN management.
Correct Answer: C) In Stage 2 HTN or when target organ damage (TOD) is suspected.
Rationale: An Echo is required to assess for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), which is
a primary indicator of target organ damage from chronic high blood pressure. It is
indicated for symptomatic HTN, Stage 2 HTN, and HTN associated with CKD or DM.
Question 9
What is the most common etiology of hypertension in children under the age of 13?
A) Primary (Essential) Hypertension
B) Obesity
C) Secondary causes, most commonly renal parenchymal disease
D) Excessive caffeine intake
E) Stress
Correct Answer: C) Secondary causes, most commonly renal parenchymal disease
Rationale: While primary HTN is becoming more common due to rising obesity rates, the
majority of hypertension in younger children (<13) is secondary to an underlying
condition. Renal parenchymal diseases and renovascular diseases are the leading causes in
this age group.
