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,What are advantages and Each protocol layer offers different services.
disadvantages of a layered Some advantages are scalability, flexibility,
architecture? and ease of adding / removing components
making it easier for cost-effective
implementations. Disadvantages include:
some layers functionality depends on the
information from the other layer and violates
the goal of layer separation; one layer may
duplicate lower layer functionalities;
overhead both in computation and in
message headers caused by abstraction
barriers between layers.
,What are the differences and The OSI model and the 5-layered Internet
similarities of the OSI model and Model have many of the same layers, with the
five-layered Internet model? difference being three of the layers are
combined in the 5-layered model. Specifically
the five-layer model combines the
application, presentation, and session layers
from the OSI model into a single application
layer.
, What are sockets? A network socket is a software structure
within a network node of a computer network
that serves as an endpoint for sending and
receiving data across the network. The
structure and properties of a socket are
defined by an application programming
interface (API) for the networking
architecture. Sockets are created only during
the lifetime of a process of an application
running in the
node.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_s
ocket."A process sends messages into, and
receives messages from, the network through
a software interface called a socket. Let's
consider an analogy to help us understand
processes and sockets. A process is
analogous to a house and its socket is
analogous to its door....a socket is the
interface between the application layer and