ONS ONCC Chemo Renewal 2026 Oncology Exams
1. A patient receiving Vincristine develops extravasation. What immediate
nursing intervention should be prioritized to manage this complication?
Apply warm compresses and administer hyaluronidase as ordered.
Document the incident and continue monitoring the patient.
Apply cold compresses and elevate the limb.
Notify the physician and prepare for surgical intervention.
2. If a patient experiences extravasation during Irinotecan administration, what
steps should the oncology nurse take based on the manufacturer's
recommendations?
The oncology nurse should document the incident and wait for further
instructions.
The oncology nurse should apply heat to the affected area.
The oncology nurse should continue the infusion and monitor the
patient.
The oncology nurse should apply cold compresses and consider
administering hyaluronidase.
3. What is the primary treatment recommended for extravasation caused by
Anthracyclines?
Immediate surgical intervention.
Cold compresses and the use of dexrazoxane.
Topical steroids and pain relief medications.
Warm compresses and saline infusion.
,4. Describe the importance of monitoring neutropenia in patients receiving
chemotherapy.
Monitoring neutropenia only affects the treatment schedule, not
patient safety.
Monitoring neutropenia is unnecessary since chemotherapy is always
effective.
Monitoring neutropenia is only important for younger patients.
Monitoring neutropenia is crucial as it helps prevent infections and
allows for timely interventions to protect the patient's health.
5. If a patient undergoing chemotherapy develops neutropenia, which infection
prevention strategy should be prioritized over the restriction of fresh fruits
and vegetables?
Adherence to General Infection Control Recommendations
Limiting fluid intake
Increased physical activity
Restriction of fresh fruits and vegetables
6. How are anticancer drugs initially classified based on their mechanism of
action?
Based on their toxicity levels
Based on their action on DNA or modulation of hormonal activity
Based on their effect on neoplastic cells
Based on their risks and benefits
,7. Describe how combination therapy can impact patient outcomes in oncology
nursing.
Combination therapy has no significant impact on patient outcomes.
Combination therapy can improve patient outcomes by targeting
cancer cells through multiple mechanisms, reducing the likelihood
of resistance.
Combination therapy only focuses on reducing side effects of
treatment.
Combination therapy is primarily used to treat infections in cancer
patients.
8. If a patient experiences extravasation from Doxorubicin during
chemotherapy, what immediate steps should the oncology nurse take to
manage the situation?
Document the incident and wait for the patient to report symptoms.
Apply cold compresses and notify the physician for further
evaluation.
Administer warm compresses and continue the infusion.
Immediately remove the IV and apply a tourniquet.
9. Describe the components of the FOLFOX6 regimen and their roles in treating
colorectal cancer.
The FOLFOX6 regimen consists of Folinic acid, which enhances the
effectiveness of Fluorouracil, and Oxaliplatin, which is a platinum-
based drug that helps to kill cancer cells.
FOLFOX6 is a combination of immunotherapy agents.
FOLFOX6 is primarily focused on pain management in cancer patients.
, FOLFOX6 includes only Folinic acid and Fluorouracil without
Oxaliplatin.
10. What are vesicants in the context of chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy agents that enhance immune response.
Chemotherapy agents that do not require monitoring.
Chemotherapy agents that are used exclusively for pain management.
Chemotherapy agents that can cause tissue damage when
extravasated.
11. If a patient receiving trastuzumab and docetaxel shows signs of decreased
LVEF, what should be the immediate nursing intervention?
Increase the dosage of trastuzumab.
Continue treatment without changes.
Notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Administer a diuretic to manage fluid retention.
12. Why is the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) important in
determining the dose of carboplatin for patients?
The eGFR measures the patient's overall health status unrelated to
chemotherapy.
The eGFR is used to evaluate the patient's weight for dosage
calculations.
The eGFR helps assess kidney function, which is crucial for
determining the appropriate carboplatin dosage.
The eGFR indicates the patient's age, which affects drug metabolism.
1. A patient receiving Vincristine develops extravasation. What immediate
nursing intervention should be prioritized to manage this complication?
Apply warm compresses and administer hyaluronidase as ordered.
Document the incident and continue monitoring the patient.
Apply cold compresses and elevate the limb.
Notify the physician and prepare for surgical intervention.
2. If a patient experiences extravasation during Irinotecan administration, what
steps should the oncology nurse take based on the manufacturer's
recommendations?
The oncology nurse should document the incident and wait for further
instructions.
The oncology nurse should apply heat to the affected area.
The oncology nurse should continue the infusion and monitor the
patient.
The oncology nurse should apply cold compresses and consider
administering hyaluronidase.
3. What is the primary treatment recommended for extravasation caused by
Anthracyclines?
Immediate surgical intervention.
Cold compresses and the use of dexrazoxane.
Topical steroids and pain relief medications.
Warm compresses and saline infusion.
,4. Describe the importance of monitoring neutropenia in patients receiving
chemotherapy.
Monitoring neutropenia only affects the treatment schedule, not
patient safety.
Monitoring neutropenia is unnecessary since chemotherapy is always
effective.
Monitoring neutropenia is only important for younger patients.
Monitoring neutropenia is crucial as it helps prevent infections and
allows for timely interventions to protect the patient's health.
5. If a patient undergoing chemotherapy develops neutropenia, which infection
prevention strategy should be prioritized over the restriction of fresh fruits
and vegetables?
Adherence to General Infection Control Recommendations
Limiting fluid intake
Increased physical activity
Restriction of fresh fruits and vegetables
6. How are anticancer drugs initially classified based on their mechanism of
action?
Based on their toxicity levels
Based on their action on DNA or modulation of hormonal activity
Based on their effect on neoplastic cells
Based on their risks and benefits
,7. Describe how combination therapy can impact patient outcomes in oncology
nursing.
Combination therapy has no significant impact on patient outcomes.
Combination therapy can improve patient outcomes by targeting
cancer cells through multiple mechanisms, reducing the likelihood
of resistance.
Combination therapy only focuses on reducing side effects of
treatment.
Combination therapy is primarily used to treat infections in cancer
patients.
8. If a patient experiences extravasation from Doxorubicin during
chemotherapy, what immediate steps should the oncology nurse take to
manage the situation?
Document the incident and wait for the patient to report symptoms.
Apply cold compresses and notify the physician for further
evaluation.
Administer warm compresses and continue the infusion.
Immediately remove the IV and apply a tourniquet.
9. Describe the components of the FOLFOX6 regimen and their roles in treating
colorectal cancer.
The FOLFOX6 regimen consists of Folinic acid, which enhances the
effectiveness of Fluorouracil, and Oxaliplatin, which is a platinum-
based drug that helps to kill cancer cells.
FOLFOX6 is a combination of immunotherapy agents.
FOLFOX6 is primarily focused on pain management in cancer patients.
, FOLFOX6 includes only Folinic acid and Fluorouracil without
Oxaliplatin.
10. What are vesicants in the context of chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy agents that enhance immune response.
Chemotherapy agents that do not require monitoring.
Chemotherapy agents that are used exclusively for pain management.
Chemotherapy agents that can cause tissue damage when
extravasated.
11. If a patient receiving trastuzumab and docetaxel shows signs of decreased
LVEF, what should be the immediate nursing intervention?
Increase the dosage of trastuzumab.
Continue treatment without changes.
Notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Administer a diuretic to manage fluid retention.
12. Why is the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) important in
determining the dose of carboplatin for patients?
The eGFR measures the patient's overall health status unrelated to
chemotherapy.
The eGFR is used to evaluate the patient's weight for dosage
calculations.
The eGFR helps assess kidney function, which is crucial for
determining the appropriate carboplatin dosage.
The eGFR indicates the patient's age, which affects drug metabolism.
