DMS Abdominal Sonography Final Review 2026 – Anatomy, Pathology,
and Ultrasound Imaging Study Guide
The bright linear echo within the liver connecting the GB and the right or main portal vein is the
_______ - correct answer ✔✔ Main lobar fissure
The hepatic duct is joined by the ______ to form the _____ - correct answer ✔✔ cystic duct;
common bile duct
The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in children is _______ - correct answer ✔✔
trauma
Anterior displacement of the kidney and ureter suggests a mass in the ______ - correct answer
✔✔ retroperitoneum
Clinical symptoms of infection include all except which of the following:
chills, afebrile, localized tenderness, malaise - correct answer ✔✔ afebrile
The normal sonographic texture of the spleen is_____ - correct answer ✔✔ homogeneous with
internal echoes equal to or less echogenic than those of the liver
The physiological effect of a fatty meal includes all of the following except:
relaxed sphincter of Oddi, decrease bile flow to the liver, stimulation of CCK, contraction of the
GB - correct answer ✔✔ decrease bile flow to the liver
The most common benign neoplasms in the spleen include all of the following except:
infarctions, cavernous hemangiomas, hamartomas, cystic lymphangiomas - correct answer ✔✔
infarctions
,Hydronephrosis may be best demonstrated sonographicaly by ________ - correct answer ✔✔ a
fluid-filled pelvocaliceal collecting system
Fusion of the lower pole of the kidneys is called a _______ - correct answer ✔✔ horseshoe
kidney
Most of the digestion and absorption of food takes place in the _______ - correct answer ✔✔
small intestine
The colon is divided into segments called _______ - correct answer ✔✔ Haustra
Clinical signs and symptoms in acute pancreatitis include all of the following except:
elevated amylase, severe abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder, nausea/vomiting,
severe abdominal pain radiating to the back - correct answer ✔✔ sever abdominal pain
radiating to the right shoulder
A lymphocele may be defined as _____ - correct answer ✔✔ lymph-filled spaces without a
distinct epithelial lining
A/An _______ hernia is usually filled with fat. - correct answer ✔✔ Epigastric
A patient who presents with jaundice, weight loss, and a palpable RUQ mass should be
evaluated for - correct answer ✔✔ adenocarcinoma of the pancreas
A cystlike enlargement of the distal end of the ureter is called ________ - correct answer ✔✔ a
ureterocele
the normal size of the pancreatic duct is less than ______ - correct answer ✔✔ 3mm
, Adrenal insufficiency typically is caused by _______ - correct answer ✔✔ metastases
If the celiac axis is well visualized, the sonographer should move the transducer in which
direction to image the pancreas? - correct answer ✔✔ inferior
Which statement is false for a patient with renal vein thrombosis:
Renal size increases in the acute phase.
Doppler flow increases. - correct answer ✔✔ Doppler flow increases.
The GDA is a branch off of the _______ - correct answer ✔✔ Right hepatic artery
Which of the following statements about the adrenal medulla is true:
The medulla is not essential to life.
The medulla secretes estrogen. - correct answer ✔✔ The medulla is not essential to life.
Excessive secretion of aldosterone occurs in _______ - correct answer ✔✔ Conn's syndrome
Patients with right-side heart failure and elevated systemic venous pressure may develop
______ - correct answer ✔✔ marked dilation of the intrahepatic veins
The tail of the pancreas is found _____ - correct answer ✔✔ anterior to the left kidney near the
splenic hilum
Classic symptoms of GB disease include all of the following except:
hematuria, nausea/vomiting, RUQ pain, right shoulder pain - correct answer ✔✔ hematuria
and Ultrasound Imaging Study Guide
The bright linear echo within the liver connecting the GB and the right or main portal vein is the
_______ - correct answer ✔✔ Main lobar fissure
The hepatic duct is joined by the ______ to form the _____ - correct answer ✔✔ cystic duct;
common bile duct
The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in children is _______ - correct answer ✔✔
trauma
Anterior displacement of the kidney and ureter suggests a mass in the ______ - correct answer
✔✔ retroperitoneum
Clinical symptoms of infection include all except which of the following:
chills, afebrile, localized tenderness, malaise - correct answer ✔✔ afebrile
The normal sonographic texture of the spleen is_____ - correct answer ✔✔ homogeneous with
internal echoes equal to or less echogenic than those of the liver
The physiological effect of a fatty meal includes all of the following except:
relaxed sphincter of Oddi, decrease bile flow to the liver, stimulation of CCK, contraction of the
GB - correct answer ✔✔ decrease bile flow to the liver
The most common benign neoplasms in the spleen include all of the following except:
infarctions, cavernous hemangiomas, hamartomas, cystic lymphangiomas - correct answer ✔✔
infarctions
,Hydronephrosis may be best demonstrated sonographicaly by ________ - correct answer ✔✔ a
fluid-filled pelvocaliceal collecting system
Fusion of the lower pole of the kidneys is called a _______ - correct answer ✔✔ horseshoe
kidney
Most of the digestion and absorption of food takes place in the _______ - correct answer ✔✔
small intestine
The colon is divided into segments called _______ - correct answer ✔✔ Haustra
Clinical signs and symptoms in acute pancreatitis include all of the following except:
elevated amylase, severe abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder, nausea/vomiting,
severe abdominal pain radiating to the back - correct answer ✔✔ sever abdominal pain
radiating to the right shoulder
A lymphocele may be defined as _____ - correct answer ✔✔ lymph-filled spaces without a
distinct epithelial lining
A/An _______ hernia is usually filled with fat. - correct answer ✔✔ Epigastric
A patient who presents with jaundice, weight loss, and a palpable RUQ mass should be
evaluated for - correct answer ✔✔ adenocarcinoma of the pancreas
A cystlike enlargement of the distal end of the ureter is called ________ - correct answer ✔✔ a
ureterocele
the normal size of the pancreatic duct is less than ______ - correct answer ✔✔ 3mm
, Adrenal insufficiency typically is caused by _______ - correct answer ✔✔ metastases
If the celiac axis is well visualized, the sonographer should move the transducer in which
direction to image the pancreas? - correct answer ✔✔ inferior
Which statement is false for a patient with renal vein thrombosis:
Renal size increases in the acute phase.
Doppler flow increases. - correct answer ✔✔ Doppler flow increases.
The GDA is a branch off of the _______ - correct answer ✔✔ Right hepatic artery
Which of the following statements about the adrenal medulla is true:
The medulla is not essential to life.
The medulla secretes estrogen. - correct answer ✔✔ The medulla is not essential to life.
Excessive secretion of aldosterone occurs in _______ - correct answer ✔✔ Conn's syndrome
Patients with right-side heart failure and elevated systemic venous pressure may develop
______ - correct answer ✔✔ marked dilation of the intrahepatic veins
The tail of the pancreas is found _____ - correct answer ✔✔ anterior to the left kidney near the
splenic hilum
Classic symptoms of GB disease include all of the following except:
hematuria, nausea/vomiting, RUQ pain, right shoulder pain - correct answer ✔✔ hematuria
