Trigonometry
, On the cover:
A colored version of the Flammarion Engraving. The black and white version of this engraving was in-
cluded in the 1888 book by Camille Flammarion L’Atmosphère - Météorologie Populaire, which was a book
for general audiences on meteorology. The original engraving was captioned: “Un missionaire du moyen
âge raconte qu’il avait trouvé le point où le ciel et la Terre se touche...” This translates as “A missionary
of the Middle Ages told of how he found the point where the sky and the earth touch...”
The Flammarion Engraving is often interpreted as representing the human quest to discover the inner
workings of the universe. This colored version is from the Wikimedia Commons and is credited to Hugo
Heikenwaelder.
, c 2018 Richard W. Beveridge
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported
License. The essence of the license is that
You are free:
• to Share to copy, distribute and transmit the work
• to Remix to adapt the work
Under the following conditions:
• Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in
any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Please contact the author
at to determine how best to make any attribution.
• Noncommercial You may not use this work for commercial purposes.
• Share Alike If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting
work only under the same or similar license to this one.
With the understanding that:
• Waiver Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright
holder.
• Public Domain Where the work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable
law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
• Other Rights In no way are any of the following rights affected by the license:
Your fair dealing or fair use rights, or other applicable copyright exceptions and limitations;
The author’s moral rights;
Rights other persons may have either in the work itself or in how the work is used, such as
publicity or privacy rights.
• Notice For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this
work. The best way to do this is with a link to the web page below.
To view a full copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ or send a letter
to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.
, C OLLEGE A LGEBRA
W /T RIGONOMETRY
Richard W. Beveridge
October 16, 2019