MICR 2420 Final Exam UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Wet mount - CORRECT ANSWER A slide preparation technique where a specimen is placed
on the slide with a drop of liquid
Darkfield microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER Type of microscopy where a bright image is seen
on a dark background
Brightfield microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER Type of microscopy where a dark image is seen
on a bright background
Phase contrast microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER Type of microscopy where higher contrast
and higher-definition images are produced
Gram stain - CORRECT ANSWER A differential staining technique that distinguishes bacteria
based upon their cell wall structure
Acid fast stain - CORRECT ANSWER A differential staining technique that differentiates cells
that have mycolic acids in their gram-positive cell walls
Endospore stain - CORRECT ANSWER A differential staining technique that uses two stains to
make bacterial endospores appear distinct from the rest of the cell
Capsule stain - CORRECT ANSWER A negative staining technique that stains around a
bacterial capsule while leaving the capsule clear
Scanning electron microscope - CORRECT ANSWER A type of EM that forms an image of the
cell surface and topography
Transmission electron microscope - CORRECT ANSWER A type of EM that focuses on a
thinly spliced specimen
, Fluorescence microscope - CORRECT ANSWER A microscope that uses natural
fluorochromes or fluorescent stains to increase contrast
Algae - CORRECT ANSWER Unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic photosynthetic
organisms, lack vascular tissues and organs
Prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER An organism whose cell structure does not include a
membrane-bound nucleus
Eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER An organism made up of one or more cells that contain a
membrane-bound nucleus and organelles
Endosymbiotic theory - CORRECT ANSWER The theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts
arose as a result of prokaryotic cells establishing a symbiotic relationship within a eukaryotic host
Cyanobacteria - CORRECT ANSWER Phototrophic, chlorphyll-containing bacteria that
produce large amounts of gaseous oxygen
Plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER Small, circular DNA molecule that is independent from the
bacterial chromosome
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER Lipid bilayer with embedded proteins that defines
the boundary of a cell
Proton motive force - CORRECT ANSWER Electrochemical gradient formed by the
accumulation of protons on one side of the membrane
Bacteriorhodopsin - CORRECT ANSWER A protein present in the bacterium genus
Halobacterium, it transports protons across the cytoplasmic membrane when illuminated
Photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER A process where phototrophic organisms convert solar
energy into chemical energy
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Wet mount - CORRECT ANSWER A slide preparation technique where a specimen is placed
on the slide with a drop of liquid
Darkfield microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER Type of microscopy where a bright image is seen
on a dark background
Brightfield microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER Type of microscopy where a dark image is seen
on a bright background
Phase contrast microscopy - CORRECT ANSWER Type of microscopy where higher contrast
and higher-definition images are produced
Gram stain - CORRECT ANSWER A differential staining technique that distinguishes bacteria
based upon their cell wall structure
Acid fast stain - CORRECT ANSWER A differential staining technique that differentiates cells
that have mycolic acids in their gram-positive cell walls
Endospore stain - CORRECT ANSWER A differential staining technique that uses two stains to
make bacterial endospores appear distinct from the rest of the cell
Capsule stain - CORRECT ANSWER A negative staining technique that stains around a
bacterial capsule while leaving the capsule clear
Scanning electron microscope - CORRECT ANSWER A type of EM that forms an image of the
cell surface and topography
Transmission electron microscope - CORRECT ANSWER A type of EM that focuses on a
thinly spliced specimen
, Fluorescence microscope - CORRECT ANSWER A microscope that uses natural
fluorochromes or fluorescent stains to increase contrast
Algae - CORRECT ANSWER Unicellular or multicellular eukaryotic photosynthetic
organisms, lack vascular tissues and organs
Prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER An organism whose cell structure does not include a
membrane-bound nucleus
Eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER An organism made up of one or more cells that contain a
membrane-bound nucleus and organelles
Endosymbiotic theory - CORRECT ANSWER The theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts
arose as a result of prokaryotic cells establishing a symbiotic relationship within a eukaryotic host
Cyanobacteria - CORRECT ANSWER Phototrophic, chlorphyll-containing bacteria that
produce large amounts of gaseous oxygen
Plasmid - CORRECT ANSWER Small, circular DNA molecule that is independent from the
bacterial chromosome
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER Lipid bilayer with embedded proteins that defines
the boundary of a cell
Proton motive force - CORRECT ANSWER Electrochemical gradient formed by the
accumulation of protons on one side of the membrane
Bacteriorhodopsin - CORRECT ANSWER A protein present in the bacterium genus
Halobacterium, it transports protons across the cytoplasmic membrane when illuminated
Photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER A process where phototrophic organisms convert solar
energy into chemical energy
