PHARMACOLOGY HESI EXIT EXAM 2025 | ALL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Save
Students also studied
BSN 315 HESI Pharmacology Actual ... HESI Pharmacology Practice Test Pharmacology Hesi Practice 2 Pharma
48 terms 71 terms 67 terms 125 term
taylory8 Preview emmak13E Preview lbpeters14 Preview incr
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 Rationale:
mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
administer as prescribed to the client? hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for
1. Calcium chloride the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
2. Calcium gluconate hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
4. Large doses of vitamin D lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old 4. Orange juice
child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the Rationale:
mother to administer the iron with which best food item? Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
1. Milk instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
2. Water vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
3. Apple juice absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
4. Orange juice
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis 1. Tinnitus
of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that Rationale:
which of the following would indicate the presence of Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity
systemic toxicity from this medication? (salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
1. Tinnitus psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with
2. Diarrhea salicylism.
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
,4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse Rationale:
reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure
effective when applied: to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
1. Immediately before swimming after swimming or sweating.
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the 3. Informing the client that this is normal
client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, Rationale:
the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The
action? client should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and
1. Notifying the registered nurse burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are
2. Discontinuing the medication incorrect
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical 1.Hyperventilation
mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The Rationale:
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should
1.Hyperventilation be monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs,
2.Elevated blood pressure the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe
3.Local pain at the burn site local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected
4.Local rash at the burn site from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. 2. Triglyceride level
Before the administration of this medication, the nurse Rationale:
anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed? Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be
1. Platelet count measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the
2. Triglyceride level triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
3. Complete blood count specifically during this treatment.
4. White blood cell count
8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the 1. Vitamin A
health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The Rationale:
nurse reviews the client's medication record and would Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized
contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication? intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased
1. Vitamin A toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued before isotretinoin
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
, 9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a 2. Axilla
client with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the Rationale:
potential for increased systemic absorption of the Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorption
medication if the medication were being applied to which is higher from regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face,
of the following body areas? eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is
1. Back poor (back, palms, soles).
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission 1. Acne
assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is Rationale:
taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid
prescription, the nurse would suspect that the client is appears to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and
being treated for: decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial- Rationale:
thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram- Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has a broad spectrum of
negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information to activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is
the client about the medication. Which statement made applied directly to the wound to assist in healing. It does not stain the skin.
by the client indicates a lack of understanding about the
treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal the burn."
3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied directly to the
wound."
12.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an 1. Notify the registered nurse.
intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. Rationale:
During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the When antineoplastic medications (Chemotheraputic Agents) are administered via
insertion site. During an inspection of the site, the nurse IV, great care must be taken to prevent the medication from escaping into the
notes redness and swelling and that the rate of infusion tissues surrounding the injection site, because pain, tissue damage, and necrosis
of the medication has slowed. The nurse should take can result. The nurse monitors for signs of extravasation, such as redness or
which appropriate action? swelling at the insertion site and a decreased infusion rate. If extravasation occurs,
1. Notify the registered nurse. the registered nurse needs to be notified; he or she will then contact the health
2. Administer pain medication to reduce the discomfort. care provider.
3. Apply ice and maintain the infusion rate, as prescribed.
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and slow the
infusion.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Save
Students also studied
BSN 315 HESI Pharmacology Actual ... HESI Pharmacology Practice Test Pharmacology Hesi Practice 2 Pharma
48 terms 71 terms 67 terms 125 term
taylory8 Preview emmak13E Preview lbpeters14 Preview incr
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 Rationale:
mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
administer as prescribed to the client? hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for
1. Calcium chloride the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
2. Calcium gluconate hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
4. Large doses of vitamin D lowering the serum calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old 4. Orange juice
child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the Rationale:
mother to administer the iron with which best food item? Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
1. Milk instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
2. Water vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
3. Apple juice absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
4. Orange juice
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis 1. Tinnitus
of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that Rationale:
which of the following would indicate the presence of Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity
systemic toxicity from this medication? (salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
1. Tinnitus psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with
2. Diarrhea salicylism.
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
,4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse Rationale:
reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure
effective when applied: to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
1. Immediately before swimming after swimming or sweating.
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the 3. Informing the client that this is normal
client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, Rationale:
the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms
Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The
action? client should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and
1. Notifying the registered nurse burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are
2. Discontinuing the medication incorrect
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical 1.Hyperventilation
mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The Rationale:
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should
1.Hyperventilation be monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs,
2.Elevated blood pressure the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe
3.Local pain at the burn site local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected
4.Local rash at the burn site from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. 2. Triglyceride level
Before the administration of this medication, the nurse Rationale:
anticipates that which laboratory test will be prescribed? Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be
1. Platelet count measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the
2. Triglyceride level triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
3. Complete blood count specifically during this treatment.
4. White blood cell count
8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the 1. Vitamin A
health care provider (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The Rationale:
nurse reviews the client's medication record and would Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized
contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication? intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased
1. Vitamin A toxicity, vitamin A supplements should be discontinued before isotretinoin
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
, 9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a 2. Axilla
client with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the Rationale:
potential for increased systemic absorption of the Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorption
medication if the medication were being applied to which is higher from regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face,
of the following body areas? eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is
1. Back poor (back, palms, soles).
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission 1. Acne
assessment on a client. The nurse notes that the client is Rationale:
taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid
prescription, the nurse would suspect that the client is appears to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and
being treated for: decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial- Rationale:
thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram- Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has a broad spectrum of
negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information to activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is
the client about the medication. Which statement made applied directly to the wound to assist in healing. It does not stain the skin.
by the client indicates a lack of understanding about the
treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal the burn."
3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied directly to the
wound."
12.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an 1. Notify the registered nurse.
intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. Rationale:
During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the When antineoplastic medications (Chemotheraputic Agents) are administered via
insertion site. During an inspection of the site, the nurse IV, great care must be taken to prevent the medication from escaping into the
notes redness and swelling and that the rate of infusion tissues surrounding the injection site, because pain, tissue damage, and necrosis
of the medication has slowed. The nurse should take can result. The nurse monitors for signs of extravasation, such as redness or
which appropriate action? swelling at the insertion site and a decreased infusion rate. If extravasation occurs,
1. Notify the registered nurse. the registered nurse needs to be notified; he or she will then contact the health
2. Administer pain medication to reduce the discomfort. care provider.
3. Apply ice and maintain the infusion rate, as prescribed.
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and slow the
infusion.
