HUMAN GROWTH AND DEV FLASHCARDS | TOP SCORES
MADE SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
Nature vs. Nurture Answer: Nature - biological influences (hormones, endorphins, etc.)
Nurture - environmental influences (parental, community, lifestyle)
individualistic culture Answer: A culture in which people believe that their primary
responsibility is to themselves. autonomous.
collectivist cultures Answer: cultures in which the self is regarded as embedded in
relationships, and harmony with one's group is prized above individual goals and wishes
twin/adoption study Answer: behavioral genetic research strategy that involves
comparing the similarities of identical twin pairs adopted into different families, to
determine the genetic contribution to a given trait.
Or compares adopted kids to their biological parents to determine genetic contribution
to a given trait.
correlational research Answer: research that seeks to identify whether an association
or relationship between two factors exists
Pearson's r Answer: a statistic that measures the direction and strength of the linear
relation between two variables that have been measured on an interval or ratio scale
cross sectional research Answer: a research design that compares groups of people
who differ in age but are similar in other important characteristics
longitudinal research Answer: A research design in which the same individuals are
followed over time and their development is repeatedly assessed.
Qualitative Research Answer: seeks in-depth, open-ended responses, not yes or no /
quantitative answers
theory Answer: A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
Hypothesis Answer: A testable prediction
Sigmund Freud Answer: Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious
causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.
5 psychosexual stages Answer: oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage,
genital stage
1
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, oral stage Answer: birth to 1.5y
the first psychosexual stage, in which experience centers on the pleasures and
frustrations associated with the mouth, sucking, and being fed. fixation includes
smoking, drinking, overeating
anal stage Answer: 1.5-3y
Freud's pychosexual period during which a child learns to control his bodily excretions
with fixations on being either very clean or messy
phallic stage Answer: 3-5y
Freud's third stage of development, when the genitals becomes the focus of concern
and pleasure. fixation on sexual acts
latency stage Answer: 5-11y
the fourth psychosexual stage, in which the primary focus is on the further development
of intellectual, creative, interpersonal, and athletic skills
genital stage Answer: 11-beyond
Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of puberty through
adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface as they grow
Erik Erikson Answer: neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development:
theory shows how people evolve through the life span.
8 psychosocial stages Answer: Erik Erikson
infancy stage (erikson) Answer: trust vs mistrust
infants learn to trust parents to care for them
- OR develops mistrust in the world / people and finds them unsafe
toddlerhood stage (erikson) Answer: autonomy vs shame/doubt
- child grows in competence (feeding self, bathroom)
- OR doubts their abilities and feels ashamed
preschool stage (erikson) Answer: initiative vs guilt
- gains skills in planning and implementing actions
- OR struggles to obey parents' limits
early school age (erikson) Answer: industry vs inferiority
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
MADE SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
Nature vs. Nurture Answer: Nature - biological influences (hormones, endorphins, etc.)
Nurture - environmental influences (parental, community, lifestyle)
individualistic culture Answer: A culture in which people believe that their primary
responsibility is to themselves. autonomous.
collectivist cultures Answer: cultures in which the self is regarded as embedded in
relationships, and harmony with one's group is prized above individual goals and wishes
twin/adoption study Answer: behavioral genetic research strategy that involves
comparing the similarities of identical twin pairs adopted into different families, to
determine the genetic contribution to a given trait.
Or compares adopted kids to their biological parents to determine genetic contribution
to a given trait.
correlational research Answer: research that seeks to identify whether an association
or relationship between two factors exists
Pearson's r Answer: a statistic that measures the direction and strength of the linear
relation between two variables that have been measured on an interval or ratio scale
cross sectional research Answer: a research design that compares groups of people
who differ in age but are similar in other important characteristics
longitudinal research Answer: A research design in which the same individuals are
followed over time and their development is repeatedly assessed.
Qualitative Research Answer: seeks in-depth, open-ended responses, not yes or no /
quantitative answers
theory Answer: A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
Hypothesis Answer: A testable prediction
Sigmund Freud Answer: Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious
causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.
5 psychosexual stages Answer: oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage,
genital stage
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, oral stage Answer: birth to 1.5y
the first psychosexual stage, in which experience centers on the pleasures and
frustrations associated with the mouth, sucking, and being fed. fixation includes
smoking, drinking, overeating
anal stage Answer: 1.5-3y
Freud's pychosexual period during which a child learns to control his bodily excretions
with fixations on being either very clean or messy
phallic stage Answer: 3-5y
Freud's third stage of development, when the genitals becomes the focus of concern
and pleasure. fixation on sexual acts
latency stage Answer: 5-11y
the fourth psychosexual stage, in which the primary focus is on the further development
of intellectual, creative, interpersonal, and athletic skills
genital stage Answer: 11-beyond
Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of puberty through
adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface as they grow
Erik Erikson Answer: neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development:
theory shows how people evolve through the life span.
8 psychosocial stages Answer: Erik Erikson
infancy stage (erikson) Answer: trust vs mistrust
infants learn to trust parents to care for them
- OR develops mistrust in the world / people and finds them unsafe
toddlerhood stage (erikson) Answer: autonomy vs shame/doubt
- child grows in competence (feeding self, bathroom)
- OR doubts their abilities and feels ashamed
preschool stage (erikson) Answer: initiative vs guilt
- gains skills in planning and implementing actions
- OR struggles to obey parents' limits
early school age (erikson) Answer: industry vs inferiority
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
