CWS Exam Prep UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Name the five types of Cell Adhesion Molecules? Which type enables cells to detect and interact with
components of the extracellular matrix? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Cadherins
2. Immunoglobulin Superfamily (IGSF)
3. Selectins
4. Integrins
5. Mucins
Integrins allow cells to interact with the surrounding environment or components of the ECM.
What are the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to most deep? - CORRECT
ANSWER Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale (germinativa)
What are the layers of the dermis from most superficial to most deep? - CORRECT
ANSWER Papillary dermis
Reticular dermis
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum spinosum? - CORRECT
ANSWER Langerhan's cells
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum basale? - CORRECT
ANSWER Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Merkel cells
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum granulosum? - CORRECT
ANSWER Corneocytes (terminally differentiated keratinocytes)
,What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum corneum? - CORRECT ANSWER Dead
keratinocytes
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the dermis? - CORRECT ANSWER Fibroblasts, Mast
cells, Macrophages, Lymphocytes
Tissue loss includes only the epidermis. - CORRECT ANSWER Superficial
Tissue loss includes the epidermis and part of the dermis. - CORRECT ANSWER Partial
thickness
Tissue loss includes the epidermis and all of the dermis. - CORRECT ANSWER Full thickness
Tissue loss includes subcutaneous tissues. - CORRECT ANSWER Subdermal
When does hemostasis or coagulation occur during the stages of healing? - CORRECT
ANSWER Immediately after tissue injury
When does inflammation occur during the stages of healing? - CORRECT ANSWER 0-4 days
When does proliferation occur during the stages of healing? - CORRECT ANSWER 4-21 days
How long can remodeling last? - CORRECT ANSWER Up to 2 years
What are the key cells of hemostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER Platelets
What are the key cells of inflammation? - CORRECT ANSWER Neutrophils, Macrophages
What are the key cells of proliferation? - CORRECT ANSWER Fibroblasts, Epithelial cells,
Endothelial cells, Macrophages
,What are the key cells of remodeling? - CORRECT ANSWER Fibroblasts
What produces PDGF? - CORRECT ANSWER Platelets and macrophages
What stimulates fibroblasts? - CORRECT ANSWER Platelet Derived Growth Factor
What is an integrin? - CORRECT ANSWER A cell surface receptor that enables cells to
interact with components of the ECM
What secretes MMPs and TIMPs? - CORRECT ANSWER Keratinocytes and fibroblasts
What regulates the activity of MMPs? - CORRECT ANSWER TIMPs
Fibroblasts play a key role in the extracellular matrix deposition of which types of proteins? -
CORRECT ANSWER Collagen
Elastin
Reticulin
Proteoglycans
Glycosaminoglycans
Myofibroblasts secrete which type of collagen? - CORRECT ANSWER Type I
Which type of collagen is primarily found in uninjured tissue? - CORRECT ANSWER Type I
Which type of collagen is primarily found in wounds in the proliferative phase of wound healing? -
CORRECT ANSWER Type III
What is the transitional marker between the inflammatory and proliferative phases of healing? -
CORRECT ANSWER Macrophage migration into the wound site
, Which cells are the last to arrive during the proliferative phase? - CORRECT ANSWER T
lymphocytes
What are the three types of T lymphocytes and what are their functions? - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. Cytotoxic T cells = directly target and kill any antigen-bearing cells
2. Helper T cells = activate macrophages and B lymphocytes
3. Suppressor T cells = down regulate inflammation and proliferation as the wound reaches maturity
What is considered the "first line of defense" in wound healing? - CORRECT
ANSWER Neutrophils (PMN leukocytes)
Mast cells are characterized by extensive cytoplasm with large granules which contain: - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. Histamine
2. Heparin
3. Eicosanoids
4. Serotonin
5. Chondroitin sulfate
6. Vasoactive proteins
What type of collagen is primarily found in skin, tendon, vascular ligature, organs and bone (most
common in wounds)? - CORRECT ANSWER Type I
What type of collagen is primarily found in cartilage? - CORRECT ANSWER Type II
What type of collagen is primarily found in reticulate (reticular fibers)? - CORRECT
ANSWER Type III
What type of collagen is primarily found in basal lamina? - CORRECT ANSWER Type IV
What type of collagen is primarily found in cell surfaces, hair and placenta? - CORRECT
ANSWER Type V
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Name the five types of Cell Adhesion Molecules? Which type enables cells to detect and interact with
components of the extracellular matrix? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Cadherins
2. Immunoglobulin Superfamily (IGSF)
3. Selectins
4. Integrins
5. Mucins
Integrins allow cells to interact with the surrounding environment or components of the ECM.
What are the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to most deep? - CORRECT
ANSWER Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale (germinativa)
What are the layers of the dermis from most superficial to most deep? - CORRECT
ANSWER Papillary dermis
Reticular dermis
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum spinosum? - CORRECT
ANSWER Langerhan's cells
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum basale? - CORRECT
ANSWER Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Merkel cells
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum granulosum? - CORRECT
ANSWER Corneocytes (terminally differentiated keratinocytes)
,What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the stratum corneum? - CORRECT ANSWER Dead
keratinocytes
What is/are the primary cell type(s) of the dermis? - CORRECT ANSWER Fibroblasts, Mast
cells, Macrophages, Lymphocytes
Tissue loss includes only the epidermis. - CORRECT ANSWER Superficial
Tissue loss includes the epidermis and part of the dermis. - CORRECT ANSWER Partial
thickness
Tissue loss includes the epidermis and all of the dermis. - CORRECT ANSWER Full thickness
Tissue loss includes subcutaneous tissues. - CORRECT ANSWER Subdermal
When does hemostasis or coagulation occur during the stages of healing? - CORRECT
ANSWER Immediately after tissue injury
When does inflammation occur during the stages of healing? - CORRECT ANSWER 0-4 days
When does proliferation occur during the stages of healing? - CORRECT ANSWER 4-21 days
How long can remodeling last? - CORRECT ANSWER Up to 2 years
What are the key cells of hemostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER Platelets
What are the key cells of inflammation? - CORRECT ANSWER Neutrophils, Macrophages
What are the key cells of proliferation? - CORRECT ANSWER Fibroblasts, Epithelial cells,
Endothelial cells, Macrophages
,What are the key cells of remodeling? - CORRECT ANSWER Fibroblasts
What produces PDGF? - CORRECT ANSWER Platelets and macrophages
What stimulates fibroblasts? - CORRECT ANSWER Platelet Derived Growth Factor
What is an integrin? - CORRECT ANSWER A cell surface receptor that enables cells to
interact with components of the ECM
What secretes MMPs and TIMPs? - CORRECT ANSWER Keratinocytes and fibroblasts
What regulates the activity of MMPs? - CORRECT ANSWER TIMPs
Fibroblasts play a key role in the extracellular matrix deposition of which types of proteins? -
CORRECT ANSWER Collagen
Elastin
Reticulin
Proteoglycans
Glycosaminoglycans
Myofibroblasts secrete which type of collagen? - CORRECT ANSWER Type I
Which type of collagen is primarily found in uninjured tissue? - CORRECT ANSWER Type I
Which type of collagen is primarily found in wounds in the proliferative phase of wound healing? -
CORRECT ANSWER Type III
What is the transitional marker between the inflammatory and proliferative phases of healing? -
CORRECT ANSWER Macrophage migration into the wound site
, Which cells are the last to arrive during the proliferative phase? - CORRECT ANSWER T
lymphocytes
What are the three types of T lymphocytes and what are their functions? - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. Cytotoxic T cells = directly target and kill any antigen-bearing cells
2. Helper T cells = activate macrophages and B lymphocytes
3. Suppressor T cells = down regulate inflammation and proliferation as the wound reaches maturity
What is considered the "first line of defense" in wound healing? - CORRECT
ANSWER Neutrophils (PMN leukocytes)
Mast cells are characterized by extensive cytoplasm with large granules which contain: - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. Histamine
2. Heparin
3. Eicosanoids
4. Serotonin
5. Chondroitin sulfate
6. Vasoactive proteins
What type of collagen is primarily found in skin, tendon, vascular ligature, organs and bone (most
common in wounds)? - CORRECT ANSWER Type I
What type of collagen is primarily found in cartilage? - CORRECT ANSWER Type II
What type of collagen is primarily found in reticulate (reticular fibers)? - CORRECT
ANSWER Type III
What type of collagen is primarily found in basal lamina? - CORRECT ANSWER Type IV
What type of collagen is primarily found in cell surfaces, hair and placenta? - CORRECT
ANSWER Type V
