2
NUR 2474 Pharmacology EXAM 3 with precise detailed
|| || || || || || || ||
solutions
The nurse is aware that adrenergic drugs produce effects similar to which of these nervous
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
systems?
a. Central nervous system
|| || ||
b. Somatic nervous system
|| || ||
c. Sympathetic nervous system
|| || ||
d. Parasympathetic nervous system
|| || ||
c. Sympathetic nervous system
|| || ||
When an adrenergic drug stimulates beta1-adrenergic receptors, the result is an increased
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
heart rate, which is known as what type of effect?
|| || || || || || || || ||
a. Positive inotropic
|| ||
b. Antiadrenergic
||
c. Positive chronotropic
|| ||
d. Positive dromotropic
|| ||
c. Positive chronotropic
|| ||
When a patient is taking an adrenergic agonist drug, the nurse expects to observe which
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
effect?
a. Decreased heart rate
|| || ||
b. Bronchodilation
||
c. Constricted pupils
|| ||
d. Increased intestinal peristalsis
|| || ||
b. Bronchodilation
||
An adrenergic agonist is ordered for a patient in shock. The nurse will note that this drug
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
has had its primary intended effect if which expected outcome occurs?
|| || || || || || || || || ||
a. Volume restoration
|| ||
b. Increased cardiac output
|| || ||
c. Decreased urine output
|| || ||
d. Reduced anxiety
|| ||
b. Increased cardiac output
|| || ||
,2
The nurse is administering a stat dose of epinephrine. Epinephrine is appropriate for which
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
situation?
a. Severe hypertension
|| ||
b. Angina ||
c. Cardiac arrest
|| ||
d. Tachycardia
||
c. Cardiac arrest
|| ||
6. A patient is on a low-dose dobutamine drip for heart failure. She had been feeling better
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
but now has a sense of tightness in her chest, palpitations, and a bit of anxiety. Her heart
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
rate is up to 110 beats/min, and her blood pressure is 150/98 mm Hg (increased from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
previous readings of 86 beats/min and 120/80 mm Hg). What is the nurse's immediate
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
concern for this patient? || || ||
a. She is experiencing normal adverse effects of dobutamine therapy.
|| || || || || || || || ||
b. She may be experiencing an allergic reaction to the dobutamine.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
c. The medication may be causing a worsening of a preexisting cardiac disorder.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. The dosage of the dobutamine needs to be increased to control the symptoms better.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. The medication may be causing a worsening of a preexisting cardiac disorder.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
A 14-year-old patient has been treated for asthma for almost 4 months. Two weeks ago, she
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
was given salmeterol as part of her medication regimen. However, her mother has called the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
clinic to report that it does not seem to work when her daughter is having an asthma
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
attack. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
|| || || || || || ||
a. It takes time for a therapeutic response to develop.
|| || || || || || || || ||
b. She is too young for this particular medication; it will be changed.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. She needs to take up to two puffs every 4 hours to ensure adequate blood levels.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. This medication is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms, not for relief of acute
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
symptoms.
d. This medication is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms, not for relief of acute
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
symptoms.
During therapy with a beta blocker, the patient notices that she has swollen feet, has gained
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
3 pounds within 2 days, feels short of breath even when walking around the house, and has
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
been dizzy. The nurse suspects that which of these is occurring?
|| || || || || || || || || ||
a. The patient is experiencing an allergic reaction.
|| || || || || || ||
, 2
b. The patient may be developing heart failure.
|| || || || || || ||
c. More time is needed for the patient to see a therapeutic response to the drug.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. The patient is experiencing expected adverse effects of the drug.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
b. The patient may be developing heart failure.
|| || || || || || ||
During rounds, the nurse notes that a dobutamine infusion has extravasated into the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
forearm of a patient. After stopping the infusion, the nurse follows standing orders and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
immediately injects phentolamine subcutaneously in a circular fashion around the
|| || || || || || || || || ||
extravasation site. What is the mechanism of action of the phentolamine in this situation?
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
a. It neutralizes the extravasated dobutamine immediately.
|| || || || || ||
b. It causes arterial vasoconstriction and reduces pain and swelling at the site.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. It increases peripheral vascular resistance and reduces arterial pressure at the site.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by vasodilation to prevent tissue
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
damage.
d. It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by vasodilation to prevent tissue damage.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
The nurse is screening a patient who will be taking a nonspecific/nonselective beta blocker.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which condition, if present, may cause serious problems if the patient takes this
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
medication?
a. Angina
||
b. Hypertension
||
c. Glaucoma
||
d. Asthma
||
d. Asthma
||
A patient is experiencing Class II heart failure. The nurse expects which beta blocker to be
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
ordered for this patient? || || ||
a. Atenolol
||
b. Carvedilol
||
c. Labetalol
||
d. Esmolol
||
b. Carvedilol
||
A patient is in the clinic for a follow-up visit 3 months after starting a beta blocker for
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
treatment of hypertension. During this visit, his blood pressure is 169/98 mm Hg, and he
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
eventually confesses that he stopped taking this medicine 2 months ago because of an
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
NUR 2474 Pharmacology EXAM 3 with precise detailed
|| || || || || || || ||
solutions
The nurse is aware that adrenergic drugs produce effects similar to which of these nervous
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
systems?
a. Central nervous system
|| || ||
b. Somatic nervous system
|| || ||
c. Sympathetic nervous system
|| || ||
d. Parasympathetic nervous system
|| || ||
c. Sympathetic nervous system
|| || ||
When an adrenergic drug stimulates beta1-adrenergic receptors, the result is an increased
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
heart rate, which is known as what type of effect?
|| || || || || || || || ||
a. Positive inotropic
|| ||
b. Antiadrenergic
||
c. Positive chronotropic
|| ||
d. Positive dromotropic
|| ||
c. Positive chronotropic
|| ||
When a patient is taking an adrenergic agonist drug, the nurse expects to observe which
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
effect?
a. Decreased heart rate
|| || ||
b. Bronchodilation
||
c. Constricted pupils
|| ||
d. Increased intestinal peristalsis
|| || ||
b. Bronchodilation
||
An adrenergic agonist is ordered for a patient in shock. The nurse will note that this drug
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
has had its primary intended effect if which expected outcome occurs?
|| || || || || || || || || ||
a. Volume restoration
|| ||
b. Increased cardiac output
|| || ||
c. Decreased urine output
|| || ||
d. Reduced anxiety
|| ||
b. Increased cardiac output
|| || ||
,2
The nurse is administering a stat dose of epinephrine. Epinephrine is appropriate for which
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
situation?
a. Severe hypertension
|| ||
b. Angina ||
c. Cardiac arrest
|| ||
d. Tachycardia
||
c. Cardiac arrest
|| ||
6. A patient is on a low-dose dobutamine drip for heart failure. She had been feeling better
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
but now has a sense of tightness in her chest, palpitations, and a bit of anxiety. Her heart
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
rate is up to 110 beats/min, and her blood pressure is 150/98 mm Hg (increased from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
previous readings of 86 beats/min and 120/80 mm Hg). What is the nurse's immediate
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
concern for this patient? || || ||
a. She is experiencing normal adverse effects of dobutamine therapy.
|| || || || || || || || ||
b. She may be experiencing an allergic reaction to the dobutamine.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
c. The medication may be causing a worsening of a preexisting cardiac disorder.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. The dosage of the dobutamine needs to be increased to control the symptoms better.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. The medication may be causing a worsening of a preexisting cardiac disorder.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
A 14-year-old patient has been treated for asthma for almost 4 months. Two weeks ago, she
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
was given salmeterol as part of her medication regimen. However, her mother has called the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
clinic to report that it does not seem to work when her daughter is having an asthma
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
attack. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
|| || || || || || ||
a. It takes time for a therapeutic response to develop.
|| || || || || || || || ||
b. She is too young for this particular medication; it will be changed.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. She needs to take up to two puffs every 4 hours to ensure adequate blood levels.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. This medication is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms, not for relief of acute
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
symptoms.
d. This medication is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms, not for relief of acute
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
symptoms.
During therapy with a beta blocker, the patient notices that she has swollen feet, has gained
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
3 pounds within 2 days, feels short of breath even when walking around the house, and has
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
been dizzy. The nurse suspects that which of these is occurring?
|| || || || || || || || || ||
a. The patient is experiencing an allergic reaction.
|| || || || || || ||
, 2
b. The patient may be developing heart failure.
|| || || || || || ||
c. More time is needed for the patient to see a therapeutic response to the drug.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. The patient is experiencing expected adverse effects of the drug.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
b. The patient may be developing heart failure.
|| || || || || || ||
During rounds, the nurse notes that a dobutamine infusion has extravasated into the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
forearm of a patient. After stopping the infusion, the nurse follows standing orders and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
immediately injects phentolamine subcutaneously in a circular fashion around the
|| || || || || || || || || ||
extravasation site. What is the mechanism of action of the phentolamine in this situation?
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
a. It neutralizes the extravasated dobutamine immediately.
|| || || || || ||
b. It causes arterial vasoconstriction and reduces pain and swelling at the site.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
c. It increases peripheral vascular resistance and reduces arterial pressure at the site.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
d. It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by vasodilation to prevent tissue
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
damage.
d. It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by vasodilation to prevent tissue damage.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
The nurse is screening a patient who will be taking a nonspecific/nonselective beta blocker.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which condition, if present, may cause serious problems if the patient takes this
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
medication?
a. Angina
||
b. Hypertension
||
c. Glaucoma
||
d. Asthma
||
d. Asthma
||
A patient is experiencing Class II heart failure. The nurse expects which beta blocker to be
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
ordered for this patient? || || ||
a. Atenolol
||
b. Carvedilol
||
c. Labetalol
||
d. Esmolol
||
b. Carvedilol
||
A patient is in the clinic for a follow-up visit 3 months after starting a beta blocker for
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
treatment of hypertension. During this visit, his blood pressure is 169/98 mm Hg, and he
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
eventually confesses that he stopped taking this medicine 2 months ago because of an
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
