2
HURST REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH PRECISE DETAILED || || || || || ||
ANSWERS
fluid volume excess also another word for ? - ✔✔- HYPERvolemia
|| || || || || || || || || ||
definition of fluid volume excess - ✔✔- too much fluid in the vascular space ( any vessel in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
our body ex: vein , artery)
|| || || || ||
what are 2 causes of fluid volume excess? - ✔✔- heart failure
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
- renal failure
|| ||
heart failure ( HF) means what? - ✔✔- the heart is weak
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- the cardiac output is DOWN
|| || || || || ||
- kidney perfusion is DOWN
|| || || || ||
- urinary output is DOWN
|| || || || ||
- the volume stays in the vascular space
|| || || || || || ||
renal failure( RF) means what? - ✔✔- kidneys arent working
|| || || || || || || || ||
what are three things that contain A LOT of sodium? - ✔✔- canned process foods
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- IVF with sodium
|| || || ||
- fleet enemas
|| ||
Aldosterone ( steroid, mineralocorticoid) is found where? - ✔✔- adrenal glands ( on top of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the kidneys)
||
,2
what is the normal action of aldosterone ? - ✔✔When your blood volume gets low through
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
for example vomiting or hemorrhage, the aldosterone secretion increases and makes your
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
body retain sodium and water and therefore increases the blood volume
|| || || || || || || || || ||
aldosterone makes us retain what? - ✔✔SODIUM AND WATER || || || || || || || ||
when aldosterone secretion increases ----> retain sodium/water---> blood volume goes
|| || || || || || || || || ||
________ ----> retain in ______________________ - ✔✔- up
|| || || || || || || ||
- vascular space
|| ||
what two diseases have too much aldosterone? - ✔✔- cushings ( too much steroids)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- hyperaldosterosteronism ( aka: CONNS)
|| || || ||
what disease has too little aldosterone? - ✔✔- Addisons disease ( not enough aldosterone
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
means you lose NA & water directly from the vascular space)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
when taking a Anti-diuretic hormone ( ADH) do you retain or diurese? - ✔✔- retain
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
when taking a anti-diuretic what do you retain ? - ✔✔- water
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
when you have too much ADH what happens in the body ? - ✔✔- RETAIN water
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- fluid volume EXCESS
|| || || ||
- Syndrome of inappropriate ADH ( TOO MANY LETTERS TOO MUCH WATER )
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- urine is CONCENTRATED ( too much ADH and NA )
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- blood is DILUTED
|| || ||
when you have not enough ADH what happens in the body ? - ✔✔- DIURESE water
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
- fluid volume DEFICIT
|| || || ||
- DI ( diabetes insipidus) DIurese
|| || || || || ||
- urine is DILUTED
|| || || ||
- blood is CONCENTRATED
|| || ||
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
strip if the urine is concentrated will it make the numbers go up or down? - ✔✔- UP
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
strip if the urine is diluted will it make the numbers go up or down? - ✔✔- down
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
where is ADH found ? - ✔✔- pituitary gland
|| || || || || || || ||
what should you think about first when you think your patient has a ADH problem? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔head injuries ( craniotomy, increase ICP ) || || || || || ||
transsphenoidhypophysisectomy - ✔✔all the way through ( across) sinus pituitary removal || || || || || || || || || ||
what are some drugs that are anti diuretic hormones ( ADH) - ✔✔- vasoPRESSIN
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
*ends in PRESSINS) || ||
what are some S?S of fluid volume excess? - ✔✔- distended neck veins/ peripheral veins (
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
VESSELS ARE FULL) || || ||
- third spacing
|| || ||
- lungs are CRACKLED
|| || || ||
- polyuria
|| ||
- pulse INCREASED ( palpate the artery)
|| || || || || || ||
, 2
- Blood pressure INCREASES ( more volume = more pressure )
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- weight INCREASES
|| ||
what is the treatment for fluid volume excess? - ✔✔- low NA diet
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- restrict fluids
|| || ||
- daily I& Os and weights
|| || || || ||
what are some diuretics you can give to help FVE? - ✔✔- FurosemIDE ( lasix ) (
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
DECREASES K+) || ||
- drugs that end in IDE !!!!!
|| || || || || ||
what is an example of a potassium spraing drug ? - ✔✔- spironolactone ( retain K+)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
when thinking of fluid retention you should think what first? - ✔✔- HEART PROBLEMS
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
bed rest induces _________ by the release of ___________- and lowers the production of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
____________- - ✔✔- diurese || || ||
- ANP
||
- ADH
||
what is another word for fluid volume deficit? - ✔✔- HYPOvolemia
|| || || || || || || || || ||
when you have a big time deficit you should think what first ? - ✔✔- SHOCK
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
what are the three causes of Fluid volume deficit? - ✔✔- loss of fluid from annywhere
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- third spacing
|| || ||
HURST REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH PRECISE DETAILED || || || || || ||
ANSWERS
fluid volume excess also another word for ? - ✔✔- HYPERvolemia
|| || || || || || || || || ||
definition of fluid volume excess - ✔✔- too much fluid in the vascular space ( any vessel in
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
our body ex: vein , artery)
|| || || || ||
what are 2 causes of fluid volume excess? - ✔✔- heart failure
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
- renal failure
|| ||
heart failure ( HF) means what? - ✔✔- the heart is weak
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- the cardiac output is DOWN
|| || || || || ||
- kidney perfusion is DOWN
|| || || || ||
- urinary output is DOWN
|| || || || ||
- the volume stays in the vascular space
|| || || || || || ||
renal failure( RF) means what? - ✔✔- kidneys arent working
|| || || || || || || || ||
what are three things that contain A LOT of sodium? - ✔✔- canned process foods
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- IVF with sodium
|| || || ||
- fleet enemas
|| ||
Aldosterone ( steroid, mineralocorticoid) is found where? - ✔✔- adrenal glands ( on top of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the kidneys)
||
,2
what is the normal action of aldosterone ? - ✔✔When your blood volume gets low through
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
for example vomiting or hemorrhage, the aldosterone secretion increases and makes your
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
body retain sodium and water and therefore increases the blood volume
|| || || || || || || || || ||
aldosterone makes us retain what? - ✔✔SODIUM AND WATER || || || || || || || ||
when aldosterone secretion increases ----> retain sodium/water---> blood volume goes
|| || || || || || || || || ||
________ ----> retain in ______________________ - ✔✔- up
|| || || || || || || ||
- vascular space
|| ||
what two diseases have too much aldosterone? - ✔✔- cushings ( too much steroids)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- hyperaldosterosteronism ( aka: CONNS)
|| || || ||
what disease has too little aldosterone? - ✔✔- Addisons disease ( not enough aldosterone
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
means you lose NA & water directly from the vascular space)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
when taking a Anti-diuretic hormone ( ADH) do you retain or diurese? - ✔✔- retain
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
when taking a anti-diuretic what do you retain ? - ✔✔- water
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
when you have too much ADH what happens in the body ? - ✔✔- RETAIN water
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- fluid volume EXCESS
|| || || ||
- Syndrome of inappropriate ADH ( TOO MANY LETTERS TOO MUCH WATER )
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- urine is CONCENTRATED ( too much ADH and NA )
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- blood is DILUTED
|| || ||
when you have not enough ADH what happens in the body ? - ✔✔- DIURESE water
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
- fluid volume DEFICIT
|| || || ||
- DI ( diabetes insipidus) DIurese
|| || || || || ||
- urine is DILUTED
|| || || ||
- blood is CONCENTRATED
|| || ||
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
strip if the urine is concentrated will it make the numbers go up or down? - ✔✔- UP
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
when checking the urine specific gravity, sodium, and hematocrit on lets say a urine test
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
strip if the urine is diluted will it make the numbers go up or down? - ✔✔- down
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
where is ADH found ? - ✔✔- pituitary gland
|| || || || || || || ||
what should you think about first when you think your patient has a ADH problem? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔head injuries ( craniotomy, increase ICP ) || || || || || ||
transsphenoidhypophysisectomy - ✔✔all the way through ( across) sinus pituitary removal || || || || || || || || || ||
what are some drugs that are anti diuretic hormones ( ADH) - ✔✔- vasoPRESSIN
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
*ends in PRESSINS) || ||
what are some S?S of fluid volume excess? - ✔✔- distended neck veins/ peripheral veins (
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
VESSELS ARE FULL) || || ||
- third spacing
|| || ||
- lungs are CRACKLED
|| || || ||
- polyuria
|| ||
- pulse INCREASED ( palpate the artery)
|| || || || || || ||
, 2
- Blood pressure INCREASES ( more volume = more pressure )
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- weight INCREASES
|| ||
what is the treatment for fluid volume excess? - ✔✔- low NA diet
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- restrict fluids
|| || ||
- daily I& Os and weights
|| || || || ||
what are some diuretics you can give to help FVE? - ✔✔- FurosemIDE ( lasix ) (
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
DECREASES K+) || ||
- drugs that end in IDE !!!!!
|| || || || || ||
what is an example of a potassium spraing drug ? - ✔✔- spironolactone ( retain K+)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
when thinking of fluid retention you should think what first? - ✔✔- HEART PROBLEMS
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
bed rest induces _________ by the release of ___________- and lowers the production of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
____________- - ✔✔- diurese || || ||
- ANP
||
- ADH
||
what is another word for fluid volume deficit? - ✔✔- HYPOvolemia
|| || || || || || || || || ||
when you have a big time deficit you should think what first ? - ✔✔- SHOCK
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
what are the three causes of Fluid volume deficit? - ✔✔- loss of fluid from annywhere
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- third spacing
|| || ||
