ATI MED SURG RESPIRATORY PROCTORED
FULL SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: Respiratory
diagnostic procedures. Answer: Respiratory diagnostic procedures that
nurses should be knowledgeable about include:
o Pulse oximetry
o ABGs
o Bronchoscopy
o Thoracentesis
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: CHEST TUBES.
Answer: • Chest tubes are a type of therapeutic procedure inserted into
the pleural space to drain fluid, blood, or air; reestablish a negative
pressure; facilitate lung expansion; and restore normal intrapleural
pressure.
• Chest tubes can be inserted in the emergency department, at the client's
bedside, or in the operating room through a thoracotomy incision.
• Chest tubes are removed when the lungs have reexpanded and/or there
is no more fluid drainage.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY. Answer: • Pulse Oximetry is a noninvasive measurement
,of the oxygen saturation of the blood, but it is not a replacement for
ABG measurement.
o A pulse oximeter is a battery- or electric-operated device with a sensor
probe that is attached securely onto the client's fingertip, toe, bridge of
nose, earlobe, or forehead with a clip or band.
o Pulse oximetry measures arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) via a wave
of infrared light that measures light absorption by oxygenated and
deoxygenated Hgb in arterial blood. SaO2 and SpO2 are used
interchangeably.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Indications. Answer: o Pulse oximetry is indicated for
conditions or situations in which a client's respiratory status should be
monitored, such as during a continuous opioid epidural infusion.
o Client presentation
• The following signs and symptoms indicate that oxygen saturation
should be monitored in a client o Increased work of breathing
o Wheezing
o Coughing
o Cyanosis
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Interpretation of Findings. Answer: o The expected
reference range for SaO2 is 95% to 100%. Acceptable levels may range
from 91% to 100%. Some illness states may even allow for an SaO2 of
85% to 89%.
,o Values may be slightly lower in the older adult client and those with
dark skin.
o Additional reasons for low readings include hypothermia, poor
peripheral blood flow, too much light (sun or infrared lamps), low Hgb
levels, client movement, edema, and nail polish.
o An SaO2 below 91 % requires interventions to help the client regain
acceptable SaO2 levels. An SaOz below 86% is an emergency. An SaOz
below 80% is life-threatening.
The lower the SaOz level, the less accurate the value.
o Values obtained by pulse oximetry are unreliable in cardiac arrest,
shock, and other states of low perfusion.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Preprocedure. Answer: Nursing actions
• Perform hand hygiene and provide privacy.
• Find an appropriate probe site. It must be dry and have adequate
circulation.
• Be sure the client is in a comfortable position, supporting the arm if a
finger is
used as a probe site.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Intraprocedure. Answer: Nursing actions
• Apply the sensor probe to the site.
• Press the power switch on the oximeter.
, • Note the pulse reading and compare it with the client's radial pulse.
Any discrepancy warrants further data collection.
• Allow time for the readout to stabilize, and then record this value as the
oxygen saturation.
• Remove the probe, tum off the Oximeter, and store it appropriately.
• If continuous monitoring is required, make sure the alarms are set for a
low and a high limit, they are functioning, and that the sound is audible.
Check the condition of the skin under the probe every 4 hour and move
the sensor every 24 hour if indicated.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Post procedure. Answer: o Nursing actions
• Document the findings and report abnormal findings to the provider.
• If a client's SaO2 is less than 90% (indicating hypoxemia):
o Confirm that the sensor probe is properly placed.
o Confirm that the oxygen delivery system is functioning and that the
client is receiving prescribed oxygen levels.
o Place the client in a semi-Fowler's or Fowler's position to maximize
ventilation.
o Encourage the client to deep-breathe.
o Report significant findings to the provider.
o Remain with the client and provide emotional support to decrease
anxiety.
FULL SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: Respiratory
diagnostic procedures. Answer: Respiratory diagnostic procedures that
nurses should be knowledgeable about include:
o Pulse oximetry
o ABGs
o Bronchoscopy
o Thoracentesis
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: CHEST TUBES.
Answer: • Chest tubes are a type of therapeutic procedure inserted into
the pleural space to drain fluid, blood, or air; reestablish a negative
pressure; facilitate lung expansion; and restore normal intrapleural
pressure.
• Chest tubes can be inserted in the emergency department, at the client's
bedside, or in the operating room through a thoracotomy incision.
• Chest tubes are removed when the lungs have reexpanded and/or there
is no more fluid drainage.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY. Answer: • Pulse Oximetry is a noninvasive measurement
,of the oxygen saturation of the blood, but it is not a replacement for
ABG measurement.
o A pulse oximeter is a battery- or electric-operated device with a sensor
probe that is attached securely onto the client's fingertip, toe, bridge of
nose, earlobe, or forehead with a clip or band.
o Pulse oximetry measures arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) via a wave
of infrared light that measures light absorption by oxygenated and
deoxygenated Hgb in arterial blood. SaO2 and SpO2 are used
interchangeably.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Indications. Answer: o Pulse oximetry is indicated for
conditions or situations in which a client's respiratory status should be
monitored, such as during a continuous opioid epidural infusion.
o Client presentation
• The following signs and symptoms indicate that oxygen saturation
should be monitored in a client o Increased work of breathing
o Wheezing
o Coughing
o Cyanosis
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Interpretation of Findings. Answer: o The expected
reference range for SaO2 is 95% to 100%. Acceptable levels may range
from 91% to 100%. Some illness states may even allow for an SaO2 of
85% to 89%.
,o Values may be slightly lower in the older adult client and those with
dark skin.
o Additional reasons for low readings include hypothermia, poor
peripheral blood flow, too much light (sun or infrared lamps), low Hgb
levels, client movement, edema, and nail polish.
o An SaO2 below 91 % requires interventions to help the client regain
acceptable SaO2 levels. An SaOz below 86% is an emergency. An SaOz
below 80% is life-threatening.
The lower the SaOz level, the less accurate the value.
o Values obtained by pulse oximetry are unreliable in cardiac arrest,
shock, and other states of low perfusion.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Preprocedure. Answer: Nursing actions
• Perform hand hygiene and provide privacy.
• Find an appropriate probe site. It must be dry and have adequate
circulation.
• Be sure the client is in a comfortable position, supporting the arm if a
finger is
used as a probe site.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Intraprocedure. Answer: Nursing actions
• Apply the sensor probe to the site.
• Press the power switch on the oximeter.
, • Note the pulse reading and compare it with the client's radial pulse.
Any discrepancy warrants further data collection.
• Allow time for the readout to stabilize, and then record this value as the
oxygen saturation.
• Remove the probe, tum off the Oximeter, and store it appropriately.
• If continuous monitoring is required, make sure the alarms are set for a
low and a high limit, they are functioning, and that the sound is audible.
Check the condition of the skin under the probe every 4 hour and move
the sensor every 24 hour if indicated.
⩥ Respiratory Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures: PULSE
OXIMETRY - Post procedure. Answer: o Nursing actions
• Document the findings and report abnormal findings to the provider.
• If a client's SaO2 is less than 90% (indicating hypoxemia):
o Confirm that the sensor probe is properly placed.
o Confirm that the oxygen delivery system is functioning and that the
client is receiving prescribed oxygen levels.
o Place the client in a semi-Fowler's or Fowler's position to maximize
ventilation.
o Encourage the client to deep-breathe.
o Report significant findings to the provider.
o Remain with the client and provide emotional support to decrease
anxiety.
