ATI MED SURG RESPIRATORY PROCTORED
TEST BANK 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ A client who is experiencing anaphylaxis with severe wheezing
receives a dose of epinephrine intravenously. The nurse would expect
the drug to exert it full effects within which time frame? Answer: 20
minutes
Rationale: When given intravenously, epinephrine peaks in
approximately 20 minutes. It would be at this time that the drug is most
effective.
⩥ You have just finished teaching your 15-year-old patient how to use
his inhaler to treat his asthma. What statement, made by your patient,
suggests that he understands what you've taught him? Answer: "I need to
shake the inhaler well before taking the medication."
Rationale: Just before each use, the patient should shake the inhaler well.
After shaking, proper technique involves exhaling before placing the
inhaler in the mouth; taking a slow, deep breath while delivering the
medication into the mouth; and holding the breath for approximately ten
seconds before exhaling slowly. A subsequent dose can be administered
within a few minutes of the first.
,⩥ Which of the following effects would result from the action of
montelukast? Answer: Decreased eosinophil migration
Rationale: Montelukast selectively and competitively blocks receptors
for the production of leukotrienes D4 and E4, which are components of
slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis. As a result, the drug blocks
many of the signs and symptoms of asthma, such as neutrophil and
eosinophil migration, neutrophil and monocyte aggregation, leukocyte
adhesion, increased capillary permeability, and smooth muscle
contraction.
⩥ A patient is started on albuterol (Proventil). What reaction should the
patient be instructed on? Answer: Tachycardia will occur.
Rationale: The symptoms of cardiac stimulation, including tachycardia,
are noted with the administration of albuterol. The patient will not
experience polydipsia, hypotension, or diarrhea.
⩥ Cromolyn should not be used during an acute asthmatic attack.
Answer: True
⩥ A patient is prescribed salmeterol. The nurse would expect this drug to
be administered by which route? Answer: Inhalation
Rationale: Salmeterol is administered via inhalation.
,⩥ Which of the following would a nurse identify as a surfactant?
Answer: Beractant
Rationale: Beractant is a lung surfactant. Cromolyn is a mast cell
stabilizer. Zileuton is a leukotriene receptor antagonist. Theophylline is a
xanthine.
⩥ While reviewing a client's history, an allergy to which of the following
would alert the nurse to a possible problem with the use of ipratropium?
Answer: Peanuts
Rationale: The use of ipratropium is contraindicated in the presence of
known allergy to the drug or to peanuts or soy products because the
vehicle used to make ipratropium, an aerosol, contains a protein
associated with peanut allergies.
⩥ A nurse is administering levalbuterol to a client. The nurse would
administer this drug by which route? Answer: Inhalation
Rationale: Levalbuterol is administered only as an inhalant by nebulizer.
⩥ Mr. Ashum is prescribed an albuterol inhaler as part of his treatment
regimen for asthma. What is the mechanism of action for this
, medication? Answer: Albuterol causes relaxation of the bronchial
smooth muscles.
Rationale: The main result of albuterol binding to beta-2 receptors in the
lungs is relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles. This relaxation of
bronchial smooth muscle relieves bronchospasm, reduces airway
resistance, facilitates mucous drainage, and increases vital capacity.
⩥ The nurse is teaching a client how to prevent Candida infections.
Which of the following would the nurse include in the instructions?
Answer: Rinse mouth with water after each use.
Rationale: The client should be taught to rinse his mouth out with water
after using oral inhalers to prevent a Candida oral infection.
⩥ A client is using an inhaled bronchodilator as treatment for exercise-
induced asthma. The nurse would instruct the client to use the inhaler at
which time? Answer: 15 minutes before engaging in exercise
Rationale: The client should use the inhaler approximately 15 minutes
before exercising to achieve the maximum therapeutic effects.
⩥ The asthmatic client is being treated with two inhalers, albuterol and
flunisolide. The nurse teaches the client that the two medications should
TEST BANK 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ A client who is experiencing anaphylaxis with severe wheezing
receives a dose of epinephrine intravenously. The nurse would expect
the drug to exert it full effects within which time frame? Answer: 20
minutes
Rationale: When given intravenously, epinephrine peaks in
approximately 20 minutes. It would be at this time that the drug is most
effective.
⩥ You have just finished teaching your 15-year-old patient how to use
his inhaler to treat his asthma. What statement, made by your patient,
suggests that he understands what you've taught him? Answer: "I need to
shake the inhaler well before taking the medication."
Rationale: Just before each use, the patient should shake the inhaler well.
After shaking, proper technique involves exhaling before placing the
inhaler in the mouth; taking a slow, deep breath while delivering the
medication into the mouth; and holding the breath for approximately ten
seconds before exhaling slowly. A subsequent dose can be administered
within a few minutes of the first.
,⩥ Which of the following effects would result from the action of
montelukast? Answer: Decreased eosinophil migration
Rationale: Montelukast selectively and competitively blocks receptors
for the production of leukotrienes D4 and E4, which are components of
slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis. As a result, the drug blocks
many of the signs and symptoms of asthma, such as neutrophil and
eosinophil migration, neutrophil and monocyte aggregation, leukocyte
adhesion, increased capillary permeability, and smooth muscle
contraction.
⩥ A patient is started on albuterol (Proventil). What reaction should the
patient be instructed on? Answer: Tachycardia will occur.
Rationale: The symptoms of cardiac stimulation, including tachycardia,
are noted with the administration of albuterol. The patient will not
experience polydipsia, hypotension, or diarrhea.
⩥ Cromolyn should not be used during an acute asthmatic attack.
Answer: True
⩥ A patient is prescribed salmeterol. The nurse would expect this drug to
be administered by which route? Answer: Inhalation
Rationale: Salmeterol is administered via inhalation.
,⩥ Which of the following would a nurse identify as a surfactant?
Answer: Beractant
Rationale: Beractant is a lung surfactant. Cromolyn is a mast cell
stabilizer. Zileuton is a leukotriene receptor antagonist. Theophylline is a
xanthine.
⩥ While reviewing a client's history, an allergy to which of the following
would alert the nurse to a possible problem with the use of ipratropium?
Answer: Peanuts
Rationale: The use of ipratropium is contraindicated in the presence of
known allergy to the drug or to peanuts or soy products because the
vehicle used to make ipratropium, an aerosol, contains a protein
associated with peanut allergies.
⩥ A nurse is administering levalbuterol to a client. The nurse would
administer this drug by which route? Answer: Inhalation
Rationale: Levalbuterol is administered only as an inhalant by nebulizer.
⩥ Mr. Ashum is prescribed an albuterol inhaler as part of his treatment
regimen for asthma. What is the mechanism of action for this
, medication? Answer: Albuterol causes relaxation of the bronchial
smooth muscles.
Rationale: The main result of albuterol binding to beta-2 receptors in the
lungs is relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles. This relaxation of
bronchial smooth muscle relieves bronchospasm, reduces airway
resistance, facilitates mucous drainage, and increases vital capacity.
⩥ The nurse is teaching a client how to prevent Candida infections.
Which of the following would the nurse include in the instructions?
Answer: Rinse mouth with water after each use.
Rationale: The client should be taught to rinse his mouth out with water
after using oral inhalers to prevent a Candida oral infection.
⩥ A client is using an inhaled bronchodilator as treatment for exercise-
induced asthma. The nurse would instruct the client to use the inhaler at
which time? Answer: 15 minutes before engaging in exercise
Rationale: The client should use the inhaler approximately 15 minutes
before exercising to achieve the maximum therapeutic effects.
⩥ The asthmatic client is being treated with two inhalers, albuterol and
flunisolide. The nurse teaches the client that the two medications should
