Questions and Answers
Q1. Which of the following is not an exclusive right granted under copyright law?
A. Reproduction
B. Distribution
C. Public performance
• D) Ownership of facts
Explanation: Copyright protects original expression, not facts themselves.
Q2. Under trademark law, what is the primary function of a mark?
A. To guarantee product quality
• B) To identify the source of goods/services
C. To prevent competition
D. To establish patent rights
Explanation: Trademarks serve as source identifiers, distinguishing goods/services in
commerce.
Q3. Which of the following is a requirement for patentability?
A. Novelty
B. Utility
C. Non-obviousness
• D) All of the above
Explanation: All three criteria must be satisfied for a valid patent.
Q4. Trade secrets are protected primarily through:
A. Federal registration
B. Copyright law
• C) Confidentiality and reasonable measures
D. Patent filings
Explanation: Trade secret protection depends on maintaining secrecy and using
protective measures.
Q5. The doctrine of “fair use” allows limited use of copyrighted material based on:
A. Market value
• B) Purpose, nature, amount, and effect
C. Author’s consent
D. Length of work
Explanation: Courts weigh four statutory factors to determine fair use.
Q6. Which international treaty harmonizes patent protection across member states?
A. Berne Convention
• B) Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
C. Madrid Protocol
,D. TRIPS Agreement
Explanation: The PCT streamlines filing patents internationally.
Q7. Which of the following is not protected under trademark law?
A. Logos
B. Distinctive sounds
C. Product packaging
• D) Generic terms
Explanation: Generic terms cannot function as trademarks.
Q8. The “first sale doctrine” applies to:
A. Patents
• B) Copyrights
C. Trade secrets
D. Trademarks
Explanation: Once a copyrighted work is sold, the copyright holder cannot control its
resale.
Q9. The Berne Convention primarily governs:
A. Patent harmonization
• B) International copyright protection
C. Trademark registration
D. Trade secret enforcement
Q10. Which of the following cannot be patented?
A. A new chemical compound
B. A novel machine
• C) Abstract ideas or mathematical formulas
D. A unique manufacturing process
Q11. The Madrid Protocol facilitates:
A. International copyright enforcement
• B) International trademark registration
C. Patent licensing
D. Trade secret protection
Q12. Which doctrine limits trademark rights when a mark becomes common?
A. Dilution
• B) Genericide
C. Fair use
D. Abandonment
Q13. Which of the following is not a defense to copyright infringement?
A. Fair use
B. First sale doctrine
, • C) Independent creation
D. License
Q14. The TRIPS Agreement is administered by:
A. United Nations
• B) World Trade Organization (WTO)
C. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
D. International Court of Justice
Q15. Which of the following is a form of intellectual property that does not require
registration?
A. Patent
B. Trademark
• C) Trade secret
D. Copyright (in some jurisdictions)
Q16. The “work made for hire” doctrine assigns copyright ownership to:
A. The employee
• B) The employer
C. The publisher
D. The government
Q17. Which of the following is an example of trademark dilution?
A. Unauthorized copying of a logo
• B) Use of a famous mark in a way that blurs or tarnishes its distinctiveness
C. Selling counterfeit goods
D. Parallel importation
Q18. Patent rights generally last for:
A. 10 years
• B) 20 years from filing date
C. 25 years
D. Lifetime of inventor
Q19. Which of the following is not an element of trade secret misappropriation?
A. Acquisition by improper means
B. Disclosure without consent
• C) Independent discovery
D. Breach of confidentiality
Q20. The Lanham Act governs:
A. Copyright law
• B) Trademark law in the United States
C. Patent law
D. Trade secret law