Branches of Geology
Geology is the scientific study of all constituents of planets, their internal and external forms and
processes. More precisely, it is the study of nature, structure and history of the planet. Earth is the
home to all life, well known to be humankind. Geology, itself is a major part of the earth and
atmospheric sciences, which were born as twins. The subject of geology encompasses all aspects
including the composition, structure, physical properties, and history of a planets interrelated
components and the processes that are shaping the features on the surface. Geologist are the scientist
who study the origin, occurrence, distribution and utilities of all materials, minerals, rocks, sediments,
soil, water, oil and all other inorganic natural resources.
Main Branches of Geology
1. Economic Geology
Economic geology is the scientific study of the earth’s sources of the mineral raw
materials and the practical application of the acquired knowledge. Economic geology is primarily
concerned with the earth’s materials that are used for economic and/or industrial purposes.
2. Engineering Geology
Engineering geology is the application of the geology to engineering study for the
purpose of assuring that the geological factors regarding the location, design, construction,
operation and maintenance of engineering works are recognized and accounted for. Engineering
geologists provide geological and geotechnical recommendations, analysis, and design
associated with human development and various types of structures.
3. Geotectonic
Geotectonic has a special place among the geological disciplines. Geotectonic is a
subject of earth science which deals with phenomena of solid earth on a global scale and the
timescale of the earth’s history. It is the subject relating to the shape, structure, and
arrangement of the rock masses resulting from structural deformation of the earth’s crust.
4. Historical Geology
Historical geology is the discipline that uses the principles and techniques of geology to
reconstruct and understand the past geological history of earth. It is a major branch which deals
with the records of event earth history and with the historical sequence and evolution of plants
and animals of past ages. Historical geology is sometimes called as “Stratigraphical Geology”.
5. Mineralogy
Geology is the scientific study of all constituents of planets, their internal and external forms and
processes. More precisely, it is the study of nature, structure and history of the planet. Earth is the
home to all life, well known to be humankind. Geology, itself is a major part of the earth and
atmospheric sciences, which were born as twins. The subject of geology encompasses all aspects
including the composition, structure, physical properties, and history of a planets interrelated
components and the processes that are shaping the features on the surface. Geologist are the scientist
who study the origin, occurrence, distribution and utilities of all materials, minerals, rocks, sediments,
soil, water, oil and all other inorganic natural resources.
Main Branches of Geology
1. Economic Geology
Economic geology is the scientific study of the earth’s sources of the mineral raw
materials and the practical application of the acquired knowledge. Economic geology is primarily
concerned with the earth’s materials that are used for economic and/or industrial purposes.
2. Engineering Geology
Engineering geology is the application of the geology to engineering study for the
purpose of assuring that the geological factors regarding the location, design, construction,
operation and maintenance of engineering works are recognized and accounted for. Engineering
geologists provide geological and geotechnical recommendations, analysis, and design
associated with human development and various types of structures.
3. Geotectonic
Geotectonic has a special place among the geological disciplines. Geotectonic is a
subject of earth science which deals with phenomena of solid earth on a global scale and the
timescale of the earth’s history. It is the subject relating to the shape, structure, and
arrangement of the rock masses resulting from structural deformation of the earth’s crust.
4. Historical Geology
Historical geology is the discipline that uses the principles and techniques of geology to
reconstruct and understand the past geological history of earth. It is a major branch which deals
with the records of event earth history and with the historical sequence and evolution of plants
and animals of past ages. Historical geology is sometimes called as “Stratigraphical Geology”.
5. Mineralogy
