CDCA local anesthesia exam review
BEST STUDY GUIDE RATED A+
✅
which has thicker cortical plate, maxillary or mandibular? - correct answer
mandibular (this decreased the amount of the local anesthesia molecules that
can penetrate to nerves during infiltration injections)
the mandibular arch during infiltrations? - correct answer ✅
due to the thickness of cortical bone, which is a good option for local anesthetic in
Articaine
(Septocaine) is sometimes effective for mand. infiltrations (4% vs. 2% for
lidocaine) due to the increased number of molecules
answer ✅
hematomas are most common with which type of injection, and why? - correct
PSA due to nicking a vessel in the pterygoid plexus of veins
what is the TX for a hematoma? - correct answer
on/off, NSAIDS, and time.
✅ pressure, cold compresses
✅
a positive aspiration when administering a PSA is due to what? - correct answer
aspirating hemorrhage caused by injection
answer ✅
what are the three most common locations for hematomas to occur? - correct
1. PSA
2. IA
3. mental
answer ✅
blanching of the tissue following/during an injection is caused by what? - correct
vasospasm/vasoconstriction caused by epinephrine or brushing
against autonomic nerves stimulation vasospasm
,CDCA local anesthesia exam review
BEST STUDY GUIDE RATED A+
- correct answer ✅
the pterygomandibular space/triangle is bordered by what anatomical structures?
ramus, lateral pterygoid muscle, and medial pterygoid muscle
answer ✅
the pterygomandibular space/triangle is identified intra-orally by what? - correct
pterygoid hamulus (palpation), coronoid notch (palpation), and
pterygomandibular raphe (visual)
the mandibular foramen lies approx. __________________________ of the
answer ✅
distance from the anterior border of the ramus to the posterior border - correct
1/2 to 2/3
___________________________. - correct answer ✅
Antero-posteriorly, the greater palatine foramen is located between the
middle oft he maxillary
second molar and the middle of the third molar in about 80-90% of patients.
✅
all arteries leading to the oral cavity receive blood from what? - correct answer
external carotid (most are direct or indirect branches from the maxillary artery
with the exception of the lingula -- this is a direct branch from the external
carotid)
veins from the oral cavity will drain into what? - correct answer✅ internal jugular
(both internal and external drain into the brachiocephalic veins which drain to the
superior vena cava
✅
do myelinated or un-myelinated nerves create faster impulse? - correct answer
myelinated (impulses jump from node to node -- node of ranvier)
, CDCA local anesthesia exam review
BEST STUDY GUIDE RATED A+
what is saltatory conduction? - correct answer ✅
the process of nerve impulses
jumping from nodes of ranvier along a myelinated nerve
what is the resting potential charges of a nerve? - correct answer
negative and outside is positive
✅ inside is
answer ✅
what molecules are predominately outside/inside at resting potential? - correct
Na+ outside and K+ inside
what is depolarization? - correct answer ✅ Na+ channels open , Na+ flows in
reversing polarity; K+ flows out to restore neutrality; the Na+ and K+ pumps
restore polarity (resting potential)
what is the mechanism of action for local anesthetics? - correct answer
the Na+ channels preventing depolarization
✅ blocks
what is the basic structure of anesthetics? - correct answer ✅ aromatic ring (lipid
soluble), intermediate chain (amide or ester configuration), and terminal amine
(able to ionize and become water soluble)
lipophilic vs. hydrophyllic - correct answer
hydrophyllic is water soluble
✅
lipophilic is lipid soluble and
- correct answer ✅
what makes the terminal amine so important to the structure of local anesthetic?
this allows the local anesthetic to the both lipid soluble and
BEST STUDY GUIDE RATED A+
✅
which has thicker cortical plate, maxillary or mandibular? - correct answer
mandibular (this decreased the amount of the local anesthesia molecules that
can penetrate to nerves during infiltration injections)
the mandibular arch during infiltrations? - correct answer ✅
due to the thickness of cortical bone, which is a good option for local anesthetic in
Articaine
(Septocaine) is sometimes effective for mand. infiltrations (4% vs. 2% for
lidocaine) due to the increased number of molecules
answer ✅
hematomas are most common with which type of injection, and why? - correct
PSA due to nicking a vessel in the pterygoid plexus of veins
what is the TX for a hematoma? - correct answer
on/off, NSAIDS, and time.
✅ pressure, cold compresses
✅
a positive aspiration when administering a PSA is due to what? - correct answer
aspirating hemorrhage caused by injection
answer ✅
what are the three most common locations for hematomas to occur? - correct
1. PSA
2. IA
3. mental
answer ✅
blanching of the tissue following/during an injection is caused by what? - correct
vasospasm/vasoconstriction caused by epinephrine or brushing
against autonomic nerves stimulation vasospasm
,CDCA local anesthesia exam review
BEST STUDY GUIDE RATED A+
- correct answer ✅
the pterygomandibular space/triangle is bordered by what anatomical structures?
ramus, lateral pterygoid muscle, and medial pterygoid muscle
answer ✅
the pterygomandibular space/triangle is identified intra-orally by what? - correct
pterygoid hamulus (palpation), coronoid notch (palpation), and
pterygomandibular raphe (visual)
the mandibular foramen lies approx. __________________________ of the
answer ✅
distance from the anterior border of the ramus to the posterior border - correct
1/2 to 2/3
___________________________. - correct answer ✅
Antero-posteriorly, the greater palatine foramen is located between the
middle oft he maxillary
second molar and the middle of the third molar in about 80-90% of patients.
✅
all arteries leading to the oral cavity receive blood from what? - correct answer
external carotid (most are direct or indirect branches from the maxillary artery
with the exception of the lingula -- this is a direct branch from the external
carotid)
veins from the oral cavity will drain into what? - correct answer✅ internal jugular
(both internal and external drain into the brachiocephalic veins which drain to the
superior vena cava
✅
do myelinated or un-myelinated nerves create faster impulse? - correct answer
myelinated (impulses jump from node to node -- node of ranvier)
, CDCA local anesthesia exam review
BEST STUDY GUIDE RATED A+
what is saltatory conduction? - correct answer ✅
the process of nerve impulses
jumping from nodes of ranvier along a myelinated nerve
what is the resting potential charges of a nerve? - correct answer
negative and outside is positive
✅ inside is
answer ✅
what molecules are predominately outside/inside at resting potential? - correct
Na+ outside and K+ inside
what is depolarization? - correct answer ✅ Na+ channels open , Na+ flows in
reversing polarity; K+ flows out to restore neutrality; the Na+ and K+ pumps
restore polarity (resting potential)
what is the mechanism of action for local anesthetics? - correct answer
the Na+ channels preventing depolarization
✅ blocks
what is the basic structure of anesthetics? - correct answer ✅ aromatic ring (lipid
soluble), intermediate chain (amide or ester configuration), and terminal amine
(able to ionize and become water soluble)
lipophilic vs. hydrophyllic - correct answer
hydrophyllic is water soluble
✅
lipophilic is lipid soluble and
- correct answer ✅
what makes the terminal amine so important to the structure of local anesthetic?
this allows the local anesthetic to the both lipid soluble and
