THE INTERIOR OF THE EYE
It is divided into two segments
ANTERIOR SEGMENT:
It is further divided by iris diaphragm into two chambers:
ANTERIOR CHAMBER:
1: It is a small cavity which is bounded anteriorly by the cornea, posterior by the front surface
of the iris lens and peripherally by the anterior chamber angle.
2: The anterior chamber depth in the central portion is about 2 to 3 mm, its value is about
0.25ml and contains a clear fluid called aqueous humor.
3: It provides nutrition to the avascular structures such as the lens, trabecular meshworks,
and cornea. It is transparent fluid for the transmission of light rays.
POSTERIOR CAMBER:
It is a small slit-like cavity bounded anteriorly by the iris posteriorly by the anterior surface of
the lens and zonules and peripherally by the ciliary processes. It contains about 0.06 ml of
aqueous humor.
POSTERIOR SEGMENT ( VITREOUS HUMOR)
1: It is bounded anteriorly by the lens, zonules and ciliary processes and posteriorly by the
retina and optic nerve.
2:its volume is about 4.5 ml and contains vitreous humor. The transparent jelly-like structure
contains 99 percent water and 1 percent solids.
3:It is transparent for the passage of light rays.
CRYSTALLINE LENS:
1:It is a biconvex grossly transparent structure located directly behind the iris and pupil and
in front of the vitreous body.
2: It takes part in the refraction of light rays and accommodation.
EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES:
1:There are 6 extra ocular muscles 4 recti and 2 oblique muscles
2:The extraocular muscles move the eyeball in different directions of gaze so the one can
see in a wide range without turning the face.
FAT AND FASCIA:
1:It provides mechanical support to the eyeball and suspends it in the center of the orbit.
2: The fascia bulb ( capsule of tenon) is the thin membrane which envelops the bulb of the
eye from the optic nerve to the ciliary region, separating from the orbital fate and forming a
socket in which it plays.
EYELIDS:
1:The upper eyelid has 7 layers: skin, orbicularis, septum, preaponeurotic fat, levator
aponeurosis, muller’s muscle and conjunctiva.
2:The lower eyelid has also 7 layers: skin, orbicularis, septum, precapsulopalpebral fat,
inferior sympathetic muscle (equivalent to muller’s in the upper lid), capsulopalpebral fascia
(equivalent to levator aponeurosis in upper lid) and conjunctiva.
3:It gives mechanical from the external injuries.
It is divided into two segments
ANTERIOR SEGMENT:
It is further divided by iris diaphragm into two chambers:
ANTERIOR CHAMBER:
1: It is a small cavity which is bounded anteriorly by the cornea, posterior by the front surface
of the iris lens and peripherally by the anterior chamber angle.
2: The anterior chamber depth in the central portion is about 2 to 3 mm, its value is about
0.25ml and contains a clear fluid called aqueous humor.
3: It provides nutrition to the avascular structures such as the lens, trabecular meshworks,
and cornea. It is transparent fluid for the transmission of light rays.
POSTERIOR CAMBER:
It is a small slit-like cavity bounded anteriorly by the iris posteriorly by the anterior surface of
the lens and zonules and peripherally by the ciliary processes. It contains about 0.06 ml of
aqueous humor.
POSTERIOR SEGMENT ( VITREOUS HUMOR)
1: It is bounded anteriorly by the lens, zonules and ciliary processes and posteriorly by the
retina and optic nerve.
2:its volume is about 4.5 ml and contains vitreous humor. The transparent jelly-like structure
contains 99 percent water and 1 percent solids.
3:It is transparent for the passage of light rays.
CRYSTALLINE LENS:
1:It is a biconvex grossly transparent structure located directly behind the iris and pupil and
in front of the vitreous body.
2: It takes part in the refraction of light rays and accommodation.
EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES:
1:There are 6 extra ocular muscles 4 recti and 2 oblique muscles
2:The extraocular muscles move the eyeball in different directions of gaze so the one can
see in a wide range without turning the face.
FAT AND FASCIA:
1:It provides mechanical support to the eyeball and suspends it in the center of the orbit.
2: The fascia bulb ( capsule of tenon) is the thin membrane which envelops the bulb of the
eye from the optic nerve to the ciliary region, separating from the orbital fate and forming a
socket in which it plays.
EYELIDS:
1:The upper eyelid has 7 layers: skin, orbicularis, septum, preaponeurotic fat, levator
aponeurosis, muller’s muscle and conjunctiva.
2:The lower eyelid has also 7 layers: skin, orbicularis, septum, precapsulopalpebral fat,
inferior sympathetic muscle (equivalent to muller’s in the upper lid), capsulopalpebral fascia
(equivalent to levator aponeurosis in upper lid) and conjunctiva.
3:It gives mechanical from the external injuries.
