Pharmacology (Nursing) Page 1 1
Pharmacology (Nursing)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5ubjpk
1. Federal Food, Is the nation's major law regulating contaminants in food, including pesticides.
Drug, and Cos- The Food and Drug Administration implements most of this law; the Environmental
metic Act of 1938 Protection Agency carries out its pesticide standard setting provisions (with FDA
enforcement). See also Food Quality Protection Act.
2. Controlled Sub- Defined drug abuse and classified drugs as to their potential for abuse; provided
stances Act of strict controls over the distribution, storage, and use of these drugs
1970
3. Schedule 1 drugs Highest potential for abuse, no therapeutic use (marijuana LSD), cannot safely be
tested
4. Pharmacodynam- The process by which a medication works on the body.
ics
5. Pharmacokinet- The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabo-
ics lized, and excreted.
6. Bioavailability the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
7. Bioequivalent same high quality strength, purity, and stability as the innovator drug
8. Biotransforma- one or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug; occurs mainly in the
tion (metabolism) liver and produces a metabolite that is either inactive or active (lipid soluble to
water soluble
9. Enteral referring to a route of medication administration that uses the gastrointestinal
tract, such as swallowing a pill
10. Parenteral by injection
11. percutaneous absorbed through skin and mucus membranes, (inhalation, sublingual or topical)
12. drug action
1/8
Page 1 of 8 Pharmacology (Nursing).pdf 2026-04-11
, Pharmacology (Nursing) Page 2 2
Pharmacology (Nursing)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5ubjpk
specific molecular changes produced by a drug when it binds to a particular target
site or receptor
13. Onset of action The time required for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response after dosing.
14. peak action occurs when the drug reaches its highest blood or plasma concentration
15. duration of ac- how long a drug actively produces a therapeutic effect
tion
16. half-life The length of time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated from the body
17. additive effect two drugs with similar actions are taken for an increased effect
18. synergistic effect interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when the
medicines are taken alone
19. antagonistic ef- one drug interferes with the action of another
fect
20. Displacement The second drug increases the activity of the first drug because more unbound
drug is available
21. Interference The first drug inhibits the metabolism or excretion of the second drug, thereby
causing increased activity of the second drug
22. incompatibility The characteristic that causes two parenteral drugs or solutions to undergo a
reaction when mixed or given together that results in the chemical deterioration
of at least one of the drugs.
23. Factors that af- age, body weight, gender, metabolic rate, illness, psychology, tolerance, depen-
fect drug thera- dence, cumulative effect
py
24. Teratogens
2/8
Page 2 of 8 Pharmacology (Nursing).pdf 2026-04-11
Pharmacology (Nursing)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5ubjpk
1. Federal Food, Is the nation's major law regulating contaminants in food, including pesticides.
Drug, and Cos- The Food and Drug Administration implements most of this law; the Environmental
metic Act of 1938 Protection Agency carries out its pesticide standard setting provisions (with FDA
enforcement). See also Food Quality Protection Act.
2. Controlled Sub- Defined drug abuse and classified drugs as to their potential for abuse; provided
stances Act of strict controls over the distribution, storage, and use of these drugs
1970
3. Schedule 1 drugs Highest potential for abuse, no therapeutic use (marijuana LSD), cannot safely be
tested
4. Pharmacodynam- The process by which a medication works on the body.
ics
5. Pharmacokinet- The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabo-
ics lized, and excreted.
6. Bioavailability the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
7. Bioequivalent same high quality strength, purity, and stability as the innovator drug
8. Biotransforma- one or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug; occurs mainly in the
tion (metabolism) liver and produces a metabolite that is either inactive or active (lipid soluble to
water soluble
9. Enteral referring to a route of medication administration that uses the gastrointestinal
tract, such as swallowing a pill
10. Parenteral by injection
11. percutaneous absorbed through skin and mucus membranes, (inhalation, sublingual or topical)
12. drug action
1/8
Page 1 of 8 Pharmacology (Nursing).pdf 2026-04-11
, Pharmacology (Nursing) Page 2 2
Pharmacology (Nursing)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5ubjpk
specific molecular changes produced by a drug when it binds to a particular target
site or receptor
13. Onset of action The time required for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response after dosing.
14. peak action occurs when the drug reaches its highest blood or plasma concentration
15. duration of ac- how long a drug actively produces a therapeutic effect
tion
16. half-life The length of time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated from the body
17. additive effect two drugs with similar actions are taken for an increased effect
18. synergistic effect interaction of two or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when the
medicines are taken alone
19. antagonistic ef- one drug interferes with the action of another
fect
20. Displacement The second drug increases the activity of the first drug because more unbound
drug is available
21. Interference The first drug inhibits the metabolism or excretion of the second drug, thereby
causing increased activity of the second drug
22. incompatibility The characteristic that causes two parenteral drugs or solutions to undergo a
reaction when mixed or given together that results in the chemical deterioration
of at least one of the drugs.
23. Factors that af- age, body weight, gender, metabolic rate, illness, psychology, tolerance, depen-
fect drug thera- dence, cumulative effect
py
24. Teratogens
2/8
Page 2 of 8 Pharmacology (Nursing).pdf 2026-04-11
