NUR125 Exam 3 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Ventilation movement of air in and out of the lungs
Perfusion The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the
body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Diffusion process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the
alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs) and the capillaries (tiny blood vessels
surrounding the alveoli)..
Factors that affect chest wall movement -Pregnancy
-Obesity
-Musculoskeletal abnormalities
-Abnormal structural configurations
-Surgery - chest or abdominal
-Trauma-Flail chest
-Muscular diseases
-CNS disease
-Chronic disease
-Neuromuscular disease
hypoxia
insufficiency tissue oxygenation
Caused by various lung diseases, interferes with ability to properly absorb oxygen
-Pneumonia
-COPD
-Sleep apnea
-Blood disorder (anemia)
-lowest flow rate of oxygen to prevent oxygen toxicity
Potent vasodilators are helpful!
early signs of hypoxia restlessness, irritability, apprehension, abnormal breathing, nasal flaring,
tachypnea, tachycardia, anxiety, pallor
Late signs of hypoxia increased lactic acidosis
decreased LOC
dysrhythmia
BRADYCARDIA
EXTREME RESTLESSNESS
DYSPNEA
CYANOSIS
hypoxemia insufficient oxygen in the arterial blood
less than 80mmhg
ABG is the way to diagnose
, oxygen toxicity dont give too much oxygen when hypoxic
Non productive cough, nasal congestion
substernal pain, headache, nausea vomiting, fatigue and sore throat.
-Unlicensed personnel can apply devices, but NOT adjust flow rate!
Nasal Canula (NC) •Most common method of delivery
• Effective, easy to apply, most comfortable
• Can be used with mouth breathers
• Clients can eat, drink, talk, and perform ADL's with NC in place
• Generally, 1-6 L/minute 24%-44%
• 24-44% FiO2
• *Specialized nasal cannula can deliver high flow oxygen
check behind ears for skin breakdown
over 4 liters requires water based lub in nares and attach water to humidify
Non-breather mask allows higher levels of oxygen to be added to the air taken in by the patient
10-15 l per minute
1 way valve, so pt is not rebreathing exhaled air
inflate bad 2/3 full, adjust flow that the bag stays inflated 2/3 full, inflate bad 2/3
full, adjust flow that the bag stays inflated 2/3 full,
If bag deflates, can cause suffocation
needs to be full inflated prior to applying or y ou can suffocate the patient!
simple face mask an oxygen-delivery apparatus used for patients who require a moderate flow rate
for a short period of time via a plastic mask that fits snugly over the mouth and
nose
6-10 l/min (35%-55%)
cant eat drink, talk well
Venturi mask A face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers specific concentrations of
oxygen by mixing oxygen with inhaled air.
Most accurate deliver of oxygen
most precise without intubation, and provides moisture 4-12 L per minute
(24%-60%)
best precision device (wtihout intubation)
face tent mask used for facial trauma
provides high humidity
flow rate is usually over 15l /min
ET tube-ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE SHORT TERM!!
inserted nose/mouth, ends a few cm above the carina, cuff inflates w/air to create
a seal in trachea. Check for placement: listen for bilateral breath sounds, bilateral
chest movement, cxr, CO2, pulse ox. Nursing: mark tube length with teeth, suction
to maintain airway patency, observe secretions, apply warmed humidified air,
provide oral hygiene and care for insertion site, observe for skin breakdown
around tube site, observe for aspiration, pressure sores, extubation, oral/nasal
damage.
tracheostomy tube (TT) LONG TERM!!!
indwelling tube inserted directly into the trachea to assist with ventilation
Answers
Ventilation movement of air in and out of the lungs
Perfusion The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the
body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Diffusion process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the
alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs) and the capillaries (tiny blood vessels
surrounding the alveoli)..
Factors that affect chest wall movement -Pregnancy
-Obesity
-Musculoskeletal abnormalities
-Abnormal structural configurations
-Surgery - chest or abdominal
-Trauma-Flail chest
-Muscular diseases
-CNS disease
-Chronic disease
-Neuromuscular disease
hypoxia
insufficiency tissue oxygenation
Caused by various lung diseases, interferes with ability to properly absorb oxygen
-Pneumonia
-COPD
-Sleep apnea
-Blood disorder (anemia)
-lowest flow rate of oxygen to prevent oxygen toxicity
Potent vasodilators are helpful!
early signs of hypoxia restlessness, irritability, apprehension, abnormal breathing, nasal flaring,
tachypnea, tachycardia, anxiety, pallor
Late signs of hypoxia increased lactic acidosis
decreased LOC
dysrhythmia
BRADYCARDIA
EXTREME RESTLESSNESS
DYSPNEA
CYANOSIS
hypoxemia insufficient oxygen in the arterial blood
less than 80mmhg
ABG is the way to diagnose
, oxygen toxicity dont give too much oxygen when hypoxic
Non productive cough, nasal congestion
substernal pain, headache, nausea vomiting, fatigue and sore throat.
-Unlicensed personnel can apply devices, but NOT adjust flow rate!
Nasal Canula (NC) •Most common method of delivery
• Effective, easy to apply, most comfortable
• Can be used with mouth breathers
• Clients can eat, drink, talk, and perform ADL's with NC in place
• Generally, 1-6 L/minute 24%-44%
• 24-44% FiO2
• *Specialized nasal cannula can deliver high flow oxygen
check behind ears for skin breakdown
over 4 liters requires water based lub in nares and attach water to humidify
Non-breather mask allows higher levels of oxygen to be added to the air taken in by the patient
10-15 l per minute
1 way valve, so pt is not rebreathing exhaled air
inflate bad 2/3 full, adjust flow that the bag stays inflated 2/3 full, inflate bad 2/3
full, adjust flow that the bag stays inflated 2/3 full,
If bag deflates, can cause suffocation
needs to be full inflated prior to applying or y ou can suffocate the patient!
simple face mask an oxygen-delivery apparatus used for patients who require a moderate flow rate
for a short period of time via a plastic mask that fits snugly over the mouth and
nose
6-10 l/min (35%-55%)
cant eat drink, talk well
Venturi mask A face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers specific concentrations of
oxygen by mixing oxygen with inhaled air.
Most accurate deliver of oxygen
most precise without intubation, and provides moisture 4-12 L per minute
(24%-60%)
best precision device (wtihout intubation)
face tent mask used for facial trauma
provides high humidity
flow rate is usually over 15l /min
ET tube-ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE SHORT TERM!!
inserted nose/mouth, ends a few cm above the carina, cuff inflates w/air to create
a seal in trachea. Check for placement: listen for bilateral breath sounds, bilateral
chest movement, cxr, CO2, pulse ox. Nursing: mark tube length with teeth, suction
to maintain airway patency, observe secretions, apply warmed humidified air,
provide oral hygiene and care for insertion site, observe for skin breakdown
around tube site, observe for aspiration, pressure sores, extubation, oral/nasal
damage.
tracheostomy tube (TT) LONG TERM!!!
indwelling tube inserted directly into the trachea to assist with ventilation
