TEST BANK +j
FOUNDATIONSFOR POPULATION HEALTH IN COMMUNITY/PUBLI
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C HEALTH NURSING
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by Marcia Stanhope, Jeanette Lancaster
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6TH EDITION
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, Table of Contents +j +j
Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health
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Chapter 02: The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing Stanhope: Chapter
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+j 03: US and Global Health Care
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Chapter 04: Government, the Law, and Policy Activism
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Chapter 05: Economics of US Health Care Delivery
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Chapter 06: Ethics in Public and Community Health Nursing Practice
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Chapter 07: Culture of Populations in Communities
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Chapter 08: Environmental Health Chapt+j +j +j +j
er 09: Evidence-
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Based Practice Chapter 10: Epidemiologic
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al Applications
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Chapter 11: Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
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Chapter 12: Communicable and Infection Disease Risks
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Chapter 13: Community Assessment and Evaluation Ch
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apter 14: Health Education in the Community Chapter 1
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5: Case Management
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Chapter 16: Disaster Management +j +j +j
Chapter 17: Public Health Surveillance and Outbreak Investigation Cha
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pter 18: Program Management
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Chapter 19: Healthcare Improvement in the Community
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Chapter 20: Family Development, Family Nursing Assessment, and Genomics Ch
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apter 21: Family Health Risks
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Chapter 22: Health Risks Across the Life Span
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Chapter 23: Health Equity and Care of Vulnerable Populations Chapter
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+j 24: Rural Health and Migrant Health
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Chapter 25: Poverty, Homelessness, Teen Pregnancy, and Mental Illness Chapte
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r 26: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Problems in the Community Chapter 27:
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Violence and Human Abuse +j +j +j
Chapter 28: Nursing Practice at the Local, State, and National Levels in Public Health Chapt
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er 29: The Faith Community Nurse
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Chapter 30: The Nurse in Public Health, Home Health, Palliative Care, and Hospice Chapter
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31: The Nurse in the Schools
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Chapter 32: The Nurse in Occupational Health
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, Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE +j
1. WHICH statement best describes community-based nursing?
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a. A practice in WHICH care is provided for individuals and families.
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b. Providing care with a focus on the group’s needs. +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. Giving care with a focus on the aggregate’s needs. +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
d. A value system in WHICH all clients receive optimal care.
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ANS A + j
By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-
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specific practice in WHICH care is provided for “sick” individuals and families where they live, work, and attend school. The emp
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hasis is on acute and chronic care and the provision of comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care. These Nurses may be ge
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neralists or specialists in maternal–infant, pediatric, adult, or psychiatric mental health nursing. Community-
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based nursing emphasizes acute and chronic care to individuals and families, rather than focusing on groups, aggregates, or syste
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ms.
2. WHICH statement best describes the goal of community-oriented nursing?
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a. Providing care to individuals and families +j +j +j +j +j
b. Providing care to manage acute or chronic conditions +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. Giving direct care to ill individuals within their family setting
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d. To preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health and prevent disease
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ANS D + j
By definition, community-
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oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, protecting, or maintaining health and preventing disease to promote the quality of life.
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All Nurses may focus on individuals and families, give direct care to ill persons within their family setting, and help manage acut
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e or chronic conditions. These definitions are not specific to community-oriented nursing.
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3. WHICH of the Following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
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a. Families and groups +j +j
b. Illness-oriented care +j
c. Individuals within the family unit +j +j +j +j
d. Health care of communities and populations +j +j +j +j +j
ANS D + j
In public health nursing, the primary focus is on the health care of communities and populations rather than on individuals, groups,
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and families. The goal is to prevent disease and preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the community and the population
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within it. Community-based Nurses deal primarily with illness-
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oriented care of individuals and families across the life span. The aim is to manage acute and chronic health conditions in the co
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mmunity, and the focus of practice is on individual or
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family-centered illness care. +j +j
4. WHICH of the Following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the 20th century?
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a. Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. Advances in surgical techniques and procedures +j +j +j +j +j
c. Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs +j +j +j +j +j
d. Use of antibiotics to fight infections +j +j +j +j +j
ANS C + j
There has to be indisputable evidence collected over time that public health policies and programs were primarily responsible for incr
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easing the average life span from 47 in 1900 to 78.6 years in 2017, an increase of approximately 60% in just over a century plus through
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improvements in (1) sanitation, (2) clean water supplies, (3) making workplaces safer, (4) improving food and drug safety,
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(5) immunizing children, and (6) improving nutrition, hygiene, and housing. Although people are excited when a new drug is disc
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overed that cures a disease or when a new way to transplant organs is perfected, it is important to know about the significant gains i
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n the health of populations that have come largely from public health accomplishments.
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5. A Nurse is developing a plan to decrease the number of premature deaths in the community. WHICH of the Following
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interventions would most likely be implemented by the Nurse?
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a. Provide free health care to all citizens +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. To increase the number of individuals with access to effective health care benefits
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c. Lower the cost of health care to the American population
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d. To lessen the governmental burden of providing health care to Americans
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ANS B + j
The central feature in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 are the mechanisms to increase the number
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of people with health insurance. The care provided is not necessarily free. While the cost of health care and the burden it places on
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the American government are serious concerns, they are not the primary focus of ACA.
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. 1
, 6. What is the basic assumption stated by Healthy People 2010 as it relates to public health efforts?
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a. Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong.
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b. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding.
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c. The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community.
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d. The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans.
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ANS C + j
The major premise of Healthy People 2010 was that the health of the individual cannot be entirely separate from the health of the
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larger community. Public health practice focuses on the community as a whole, and the effect of the community’s health status (r
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esources) on the health of individuals, families, and groups. The goal is to prevent disease and disability and promote and protect th
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e health of the community as a whole. Public health can be described as what society collectively does to ensure that conditions e
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xist in WHICH people can be healthy. The basic assumptions of public health do not judge the morality of health disparities. The f
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ocus is on prevention of illness not on spending more on illness care. Additionally, individual responsibility for making healthy c
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hoices is the directive for lengthening life span not the role of the government.
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7. WHICH of the Following actions would most likely be performed by a public health Nurse?
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a. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. Assessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine
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needed health services +j +j
d. Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment
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ANS D + j
Although the public health Nurse might engage in any of the tasks listed, he or she works primarily with members of the commu
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nity to carry out core public health functions, including assessment of the population as a whole and engaging in promoting healt
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h and improving the environment. The interventions of asking community leaders WHICH interventions should be chosen, assess
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ing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions, and using data from health care institutions do not demonstrate the e
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ngagement of the community when making decisions about what the community actually wants and needs.
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8. WHICH public health Nurse most clearly fulfills the responsibilities of this role?
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a. The Nurse who met with several groups to discuss community recreation issues
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b. The Nurse who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies
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c. The Nurse who talked to several people about their particular health concerns
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d. The Nurse who watched the city council meeting on local cable television
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ANS B + j
Any of these descriptions might represent a Nurse communicating, cooperating, or collaborating with community residents or gro
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ups about health concerns. A major challenge for the future is the need for public health nursing specialists to be more aggressive
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in working collaboratively with various groups in the community as well as professional colleagues in institutional settings to dea
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l with barriers to health. However, the Nurse who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies is the most represe
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ntative, because in public health, concerns are addressed from a broader perspective. In public health, broad concerns of the comm
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unity should be addressed. Concerns are broader than recreation, individual concerns are not as important as aggregate priorities, an
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d watching television (a one-way form of communication) is less effective than interacting with others.
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9. WHICH of the Following best defines aggregate?
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a. A large group of persons +j +j +j +j
b. A collection of individuals and families
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c. A collection of people who share one or more characteristics
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d. Another name for demographic group +j +j +j +j
ANS C + j
An aggregate is defined a collection of people who share one or more personal or environmental characteristics. Members of a co
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mmunity can be defined in terms of either geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or a special interest (e.g., chil
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dren attending a particular school). These members make up a population. The term population may be used interchangeably with t
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he term aggregate. A large group of persons, a collection of individuals and families, and another name for demographic group ar
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e not accurate definitions of the term aggregate.
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10. WHICH question asked by a novice Nurse would be the most reflective of an understanding of the role of a public health Nurse?
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a. “WHICH groups are at the greatest risk for problems?” +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. “WHICH patients should I see first as I begin my day?” +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. “With WHICH physicians will I be most closely collaborating?”
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d. “With WHICH nursing assistants will I partner the most?”
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ANS A + j
Asking WHICH groups are at greatest risk reflects a community-
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oriented perspective. The incorrect responses reflect a focus on individuals rather than a community-oriented perspective.
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11. Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available defines WHICH of the core public health functions?
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a. Policy development +j
b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientific knowledge-based care +j +j
ANS C + j
Assurance includes making sure that essential community- +j +j +j +j +j +j
oriented health services are available in the community. The definition does not fit the terms assessment, policy development. Scie
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ntific knowledge-based care is not a core function of public health.
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Assessment is systematic data collection on the population, monitoring the population’s health status, and making information av
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ailable about the health of the community. Policy development refers to efforts to develop policies that support the health of the pop
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ulation, including using a scientific knowledge base to make policy decisions.
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. 2
FOUNDATIONSFOR POPULATION HEALTH IN COMMUNITY/PUBLI
+j +j +j +j +j
C HEALTH NURSING
+j +j
by Marcia Stanhope, Jeanette Lancaster
+j +j +j +j + j
6TH EDITION
+j
, Table of Contents +j +j
Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 02: The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing Stanhope: Chapter
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j + j +j
+j 03: US and Global Health Care
+j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 04: Government, the Law, and Policy Activism
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 05: Economics of US Health Care Delivery
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 06: Ethics in Public and Community Health Nursing Practice
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 07: Culture of Populations in Communities
+j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 08: Environmental Health Chapt+j +j +j +j
er 09: Evidence-
+j +j
Based Practice Chapter 10: Epidemiologic
+j +j +j +j
al Applications
+j
Chapter 11: Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 12: Communicable and Infection Disease Risks
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 13: Community Assessment and Evaluation Ch
+j +j +j +j +j +j
apter 14: Health Education in the Community Chapter 1
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
5: Case Management
+j +j
Chapter 16: Disaster Management +j +j +j
Chapter 17: Public Health Surveillance and Outbreak Investigation Cha
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
pter 18: Program Management
+j +j +j
Chapter 19: Healthcare Improvement in the Community
+j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 20: Family Development, Family Nursing Assessment, and Genomics Ch
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
apter 21: Family Health Risks
+j +j +j +j
Chapter 22: Health Risks Across the Life Span
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 23: Health Equity and Care of Vulnerable Populations Chapter
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
+j 24: Rural Health and Migrant Health
+j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 25: Poverty, Homelessness, Teen Pregnancy, and Mental Illness Chapte
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
r 26: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Problems in the Community Chapter 27:
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Violence and Human Abuse +j +j +j
Chapter 28: Nursing Practice at the Local, State, and National Levels in Public Health Chapt
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
er 29: The Faith Community Nurse
+j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 30: The Nurse in Public Health, Home Health, Palliative Care, and Hospice Chapter
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +
31: The Nurse in the Schools
j +j +j +j +j +j
Chapter 32: The Nurse in Occupational Health
+j +j +j +j +j +j
, Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
MULTIPLE CHOICE +j
1. WHICH statement best describes community-based nursing?
+j +j +j +j +j
a. A practice in WHICH care is provided for individuals and families.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. Providing care with a focus on the group’s needs. +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. Giving care with a focus on the aggregate’s needs. +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
d. A value system in WHICH all clients receive optimal care.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ANS A + j
By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-
+j +j +j +j +j +j
specific practice in WHICH care is provided for “sick” individuals and families where they live, work, and attend school. The emp
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
hasis is on acute and chronic care and the provision of comprehensive, coordinated, and continuous care. These Nurses may be ge
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
neralists or specialists in maternal–infant, pediatric, adult, or psychiatric mental health nursing. Community-
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
based nursing emphasizes acute and chronic care to individuals and families, rather than focusing on groups, aggregates, or syste
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ms.
2. WHICH statement best describes the goal of community-oriented nursing?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Providing care to individuals and families +j +j +j +j +j
b. Providing care to manage acute or chronic conditions +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. Giving direct care to ill individuals within their family setting
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
d. To preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health and prevent disease
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ANS D + j
By definition, community-
+j +j
oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, protecting, or maintaining health and preventing disease to promote the quality of life.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
All Nurses may focus on individuals and families, give direct care to ill persons within their family setting, and help manage acut
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
e or chronic conditions. These definitions are not specific to community-oriented nursing.
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3. WHICH of the Following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
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a. Families and groups +j +j
b. Illness-oriented care +j
c. Individuals within the family unit +j +j +j +j
d. Health care of communities and populations +j +j +j +j +j
ANS D + j
In public health nursing, the primary focus is on the health care of communities and populations rather than on individuals, groups,
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and families. The goal is to prevent disease and preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the community and the population
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within it. Community-based Nurses deal primarily with illness-
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oriented care of individuals and families across the life span. The aim is to manage acute and chronic health conditions in the co
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mmunity, and the focus of practice is on individual or
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family-centered illness care. +j +j
4. WHICH of the Following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the 20th century?
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a. Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. Advances in surgical techniques and procedures +j +j +j +j +j
c. Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs +j +j +j +j +j
d. Use of antibiotics to fight infections +j +j +j +j +j
ANS C + j
There has to be indisputable evidence collected over time that public health policies and programs were primarily responsible for incr
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easing the average life span from 47 in 1900 to 78.6 years in 2017, an increase of approximately 60% in just over a century plus through
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improvements in (1) sanitation, (2) clean water supplies, (3) making workplaces safer, (4) improving food and drug safety,
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(5) immunizing children, and (6) improving nutrition, hygiene, and housing. Although people are excited when a new drug is disc
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overed that cures a disease or when a new way to transplant organs is perfected, it is important to know about the significant gains i
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n the health of populations that have come largely from public health accomplishments.
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5. A Nurse is developing a plan to decrease the number of premature deaths in the community. WHICH of the Following
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interventions would most likely be implemented by the Nurse?
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a. Provide free health care to all citizens +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. To increase the number of individuals with access to effective health care benefits
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c. Lower the cost of health care to the American population
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d. To lessen the governmental burden of providing health care to Americans
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ANS B + j
The central feature in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 are the mechanisms to increase the number
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of people with health insurance. The care provided is not necessarily free. While the cost of health care and the burden it places on
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the American government are serious concerns, they are not the primary focus of ACA.
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. 1
, 6. What is the basic assumption stated by Healthy People 2010 as it relates to public health efforts?
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a. Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong.
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b. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding.
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c. The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community.
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d. The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans.
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ANS C + j
The major premise of Healthy People 2010 was that the health of the individual cannot be entirely separate from the health of the
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larger community. Public health practice focuses on the community as a whole, and the effect of the community’s health status (r
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esources) on the health of individuals, families, and groups. The goal is to prevent disease and disability and promote and protect th
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e health of the community as a whole. Public health can be described as what society collectively does to ensure that conditions e
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xist in WHICH people can be healthy. The basic assumptions of public health do not judge the morality of health disparities. The f
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ocus is on prevention of illness not on spending more on illness care. Additionally, individual responsibility for making healthy c
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hoices is the directive for lengthening life span not the role of the government.
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7. WHICH of the Following actions would most likely be performed by a public health Nurse?
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a. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. Assessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine
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needed health services +j +j
d. Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment
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ANS D + j
Although the public health Nurse might engage in any of the tasks listed, he or she works primarily with members of the commu
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nity to carry out core public health functions, including assessment of the population as a whole and engaging in promoting healt
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h and improving the environment. The interventions of asking community leaders WHICH interventions should be chosen, assess
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ing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions, and using data from health care institutions do not demonstrate the e
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ngagement of the community when making decisions about what the community actually wants and needs.
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8. WHICH public health Nurse most clearly fulfills the responsibilities of this role?
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a. The Nurse who met with several groups to discuss community recreation issues
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b. The Nurse who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies
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c. The Nurse who talked to several people about their particular health concerns
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d. The Nurse who watched the city council meeting on local cable television
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ANS B + j
Any of these descriptions might represent a Nurse communicating, cooperating, or collaborating with community residents or gro
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ups about health concerns. A major challenge for the future is the need for public health nursing specialists to be more aggressive
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in working collaboratively with various groups in the community as well as professional colleagues in institutional settings to dea
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l with barriers to health. However, the Nurse who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies is the most represe
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ntative, because in public health, concerns are addressed from a broader perspective. In public health, broad concerns of the comm
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unity should be addressed. Concerns are broader than recreation, individual concerns are not as important as aggregate priorities, an
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d watching television (a one-way form of communication) is less effective than interacting with others.
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9. WHICH of the Following best defines aggregate?
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a. A large group of persons +j +j +j +j
b. A collection of individuals and families
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c. A collection of people who share one or more characteristics
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d. Another name for demographic group +j +j +j +j
ANS C + j
An aggregate is defined a collection of people who share one or more personal or environmental characteristics. Members of a co
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mmunity can be defined in terms of either geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or a special interest (e.g., chil
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dren attending a particular school). These members make up a population. The term population may be used interchangeably with t
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he term aggregate. A large group of persons, a collection of individuals and families, and another name for demographic group ar
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e not accurate definitions of the term aggregate.
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10. WHICH question asked by a novice Nurse would be the most reflective of an understanding of the role of a public health Nurse?
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a. “WHICH groups are at the greatest risk for problems?” +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. “WHICH patients should I see first as I begin my day?” +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. “With WHICH physicians will I be most closely collaborating?”
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d. “With WHICH nursing assistants will I partner the most?”
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ANS A + j
Asking WHICH groups are at greatest risk reflects a community-
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oriented perspective. The incorrect responses reflect a focus on individuals rather than a community-oriented perspective.
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11. Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available defines WHICH of the core public health functions?
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a. Policy development +j
b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientific knowledge-based care +j +j
ANS C + j
Assurance includes making sure that essential community- +j +j +j +j +j +j
oriented health services are available in the community. The definition does not fit the terms assessment, policy development. Scie
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ntific knowledge-based care is not a core function of public health.
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Assessment is systematic data collection on the population, monitoring the population’s health status, and making information av
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ailable about the health of the community. Policy development refers to efforts to develop policies that support the health of the pop
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ulation, including using a scientific knowledge base to make policy decisions.
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. 2
