AU PSYC 304 FINAL 4 2026 REVISION NOTES
AND STRUCTURED PSYCHOLOGY OVERVIEW
GUIDE
◉ Theory. Answer: well-tested explanation that unifies a broad
range of observations
◉ Goals of Psychology. Answer: observe, describe, explain, predict,
control
◉ clinical psychologist. Answer: a psychologist who diagnoses and
treats people with emotional disturbances
◉ psychiatrist. Answer: medical doctor who has specialized in
treating psychological disorders
◉ developmental psychologist. Answer: studies psychological
development across the lifespan
◉ School Psychologist. Answer: identify and help students who have
problems that interfere with learning
,◉ humanistic perspective. Answer: the psychological view that
assumes the existence of the self and emphasizes the importance of
self-awareness and the freedom to make choices
◉ behaviorism. Answer: the science of behavior that focuses on
observable behavior only
◉ psychoanalytic perspective. Answer: the perspective that stresses
the influences of unconscious forces on human behavior
◉ biological perspective. Answer: the psychological perspective that
emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior
◉ cognitive perspective. Answer: A psychological approach that
emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language,
problem solving, and other areas of behavior
◉ sociocultural perspective. Answer: perspective that focuses on the
relationship between social behavior and culture
◉ Solomon Asch. Answer: Conducted famous conformity experiment
that required subjects to match lines.
, ◉ Erik Erikson. Answer: Known for his 8-stage theory of
Psychosocial Development
◉ Sigmund Freud. Answer: Developed psychoanalysis; considered to
be "father of modern psychiatry" studied dreams and the
unconscious mind.
◉ Harry Harlow. Answer: Studied attachment in monkeys with
artificial mothers
◉ Abraham Maslow. Answer: Humanistic psychologist known for his
"Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization"
◉ Ivan Pavlov. Answer: Described process of classical conditioning
after famous experiments with dogs and studied how much they
drooled
◉ Jean Piaget. Answer: Known for his theory of cognitive
development in children
◉ B.F. Skinner. Answer: Described process of operant conditioning.
used his box to test rats
AND STRUCTURED PSYCHOLOGY OVERVIEW
GUIDE
◉ Theory. Answer: well-tested explanation that unifies a broad
range of observations
◉ Goals of Psychology. Answer: observe, describe, explain, predict,
control
◉ clinical psychologist. Answer: a psychologist who diagnoses and
treats people with emotional disturbances
◉ psychiatrist. Answer: medical doctor who has specialized in
treating psychological disorders
◉ developmental psychologist. Answer: studies psychological
development across the lifespan
◉ School Psychologist. Answer: identify and help students who have
problems that interfere with learning
,◉ humanistic perspective. Answer: the psychological view that
assumes the existence of the self and emphasizes the importance of
self-awareness and the freedom to make choices
◉ behaviorism. Answer: the science of behavior that focuses on
observable behavior only
◉ psychoanalytic perspective. Answer: the perspective that stresses
the influences of unconscious forces on human behavior
◉ biological perspective. Answer: the psychological perspective that
emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior
◉ cognitive perspective. Answer: A psychological approach that
emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language,
problem solving, and other areas of behavior
◉ sociocultural perspective. Answer: perspective that focuses on the
relationship between social behavior and culture
◉ Solomon Asch. Answer: Conducted famous conformity experiment
that required subjects to match lines.
, ◉ Erik Erikson. Answer: Known for his 8-stage theory of
Psychosocial Development
◉ Sigmund Freud. Answer: Developed psychoanalysis; considered to
be "father of modern psychiatry" studied dreams and the
unconscious mind.
◉ Harry Harlow. Answer: Studied attachment in monkeys with
artificial mothers
◉ Abraham Maslow. Answer: Humanistic psychologist known for his
"Hierarchy of Needs" and the concept of "self-actualization"
◉ Ivan Pavlov. Answer: Described process of classical conditioning
after famous experiments with dogs and studied how much they
drooled
◉ Jean Piaget. Answer: Known for his theory of cognitive
development in children
◉ B.F. Skinner. Answer: Described process of operant conditioning.
used his box to test rats
