BC-ADM FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● a 34 year old pregnant lady with suspected gestational diabetes
reports increased urinary frequency, which is the best method to evaluate
her glycemic control. Answer: FRUCTOSIMINE-a glycated serum
protein test, measures glycemic xontrol over the past 2 or 3 weeks, good
for gestational diabetes.
Urinary ketones in gestational diabetes is more to detect inadequate food
intake(severe ketosis)
●● The act of examining processes and outcomes to determine whether
desired goals and objectives are achieved. Answer: Continuous Quality
Improvement is a management approach that attempts to correct
program shortcomings via program evaluation
●● What are the normal hormonal response of acute effects of physical
axtivity. Answer: Physical activity increases hepatic glucose production
and increase the glucose supply available in the blood
●● The EMPOWERMENT approach to education. Answer: expects the
patient to be active in the management of their diabetes, to be provided
with info to make and take responsibility on decisions
,●● OUTCOMES MONITORING. Answer: is the frequency and interval
of measuring specific indicators
●● Exam 2 q3 what is LADA. Answer: pts with LADA are often
misdiagnosed with Type 2 and are greater than 40
●● (e2q10) DASH diet. Answer: Dietary approaches to stop
Hypertension, fruits, veggies, low fat dairy products, whole grains,
poultry, fish, lowers sodium and show benefits of potassium . A
combination of the Dash diet and reducing sodium intake has been
shown to lower b/p rather than just reducing Na intake.
●● (e2q15)DPP4 inhibitors. Answer: Dpp4 inhibitors increase insulin
secretion in a glucose dependent manor meaning when glucose returns
to normal there is no further increase in insulin and the risk of
hypoglycemia is low
●● (e2q17) which of the following is not evidence to lower LDL
cholesterolo. Answer: omege 3 fatty acisds are helpful in reduction of
triglycerides, weight loss substituting unsaturated fats for saturated acids
and plant sterols will help reduce LDL
●● (e2q18) What raises Serum creatinine. Answer: patients with renal
artery stenosis may have an increase in creatinine if recently placed on
an ACE or ARB such as Irebresartan . Although ACE and ARB decrease
glomerular pressure by dilating the efferent arteriole, pts with renal
,stenosis are unable to provided compensatory constriction the efferent
arteriole to maintain a minimum glomerular pressure.
●● (e2q23) what nutrient is most likely deficient in a vegans. Answer:
vit b12 is found in meat, poultry, fish and dairy
fyi- niacin is found in veggies, grains, nuts, fortified cereals and breads
plentiful for veans
●● (e2q25) Recommended Fiber intake. Answer: same for persons with
or without diabetes because of health benfits 25 grams for woman and
38 grams for men or 14grma/1000cals
Current research shows > 50grams fiber per da improves glycemic
control
●● (e2q31)dx metabolic syndrome. Answer: place pts at high risk for
cardiovascular disease. Dx of metobolic syndrome is 3 of the following--
large waist circumference woman > 30 inches, men > 40inches, B/P >
135/85, fast glucose >100, Tgl >150, low HDL ,50,
●● (e2q46)What drug causes weight gain. Answer: Pioglitazone, TZD's
deposition of free fatty acids promote insulin resistance
●● (e2q49) what can effect A1c results. Answer: Low albumin does not,
but sickel cell anemia, iron deficiency and iron supplementation may
, ●● (e2q54)the normal hormonal response during acute physical activity
?. Answer: decrease in insulin, increase in glucogon,and epinephrine,
norepinephrine, growth hormones and cortisol
●● (e2q56) To reduce hypoglycemia a snck containing how many grams
CHO for everyn 30-45 mins moderate physical activity. Answer: 0-
10grams mild activity every 30 mins, 05-10grams for every 15 mins for
moderate activity and 0-15 grams for every 15 minutes of high intensity
activity
●● (e2q70) What food drug interactions interfere with orlistat. Answer:
FAT, orlistat interferes GI lipases resulting in decreased hydrolysis, of
pts consume >30 % of calories as fat may experience flatus with
discharge, fecal urgency, oily stool
●● Lingliptin(tradjenta). Answer: all Dpp4 inhibitors may be prescribed
to patients with decreased kidney function, but liglipligdine does not
require any dose changes because of exretion via bile
●● Health Belief Model. Answer: Addresses the relationship between a
person's beliefs and behaviors
How serious do you believe your diabetes is ?
●● Trans-theoretical Model of Change. Answer: pre-
contemplation(share something you want to learn), contemplation,
preparation, action, maintenance
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● a 34 year old pregnant lady with suspected gestational diabetes
reports increased urinary frequency, which is the best method to evaluate
her glycemic control. Answer: FRUCTOSIMINE-a glycated serum
protein test, measures glycemic xontrol over the past 2 or 3 weeks, good
for gestational diabetes.
Urinary ketones in gestational diabetes is more to detect inadequate food
intake(severe ketosis)
●● The act of examining processes and outcomes to determine whether
desired goals and objectives are achieved. Answer: Continuous Quality
Improvement is a management approach that attempts to correct
program shortcomings via program evaluation
●● What are the normal hormonal response of acute effects of physical
axtivity. Answer: Physical activity increases hepatic glucose production
and increase the glucose supply available in the blood
●● The EMPOWERMENT approach to education. Answer: expects the
patient to be active in the management of their diabetes, to be provided
with info to make and take responsibility on decisions
,●● OUTCOMES MONITORING. Answer: is the frequency and interval
of measuring specific indicators
●● Exam 2 q3 what is LADA. Answer: pts with LADA are often
misdiagnosed with Type 2 and are greater than 40
●● (e2q10) DASH diet. Answer: Dietary approaches to stop
Hypertension, fruits, veggies, low fat dairy products, whole grains,
poultry, fish, lowers sodium and show benefits of potassium . A
combination of the Dash diet and reducing sodium intake has been
shown to lower b/p rather than just reducing Na intake.
●● (e2q15)DPP4 inhibitors. Answer: Dpp4 inhibitors increase insulin
secretion in a glucose dependent manor meaning when glucose returns
to normal there is no further increase in insulin and the risk of
hypoglycemia is low
●● (e2q17) which of the following is not evidence to lower LDL
cholesterolo. Answer: omege 3 fatty acisds are helpful in reduction of
triglycerides, weight loss substituting unsaturated fats for saturated acids
and plant sterols will help reduce LDL
●● (e2q18) What raises Serum creatinine. Answer: patients with renal
artery stenosis may have an increase in creatinine if recently placed on
an ACE or ARB such as Irebresartan . Although ACE and ARB decrease
glomerular pressure by dilating the efferent arteriole, pts with renal
,stenosis are unable to provided compensatory constriction the efferent
arteriole to maintain a minimum glomerular pressure.
●● (e2q23) what nutrient is most likely deficient in a vegans. Answer:
vit b12 is found in meat, poultry, fish and dairy
fyi- niacin is found in veggies, grains, nuts, fortified cereals and breads
plentiful for veans
●● (e2q25) Recommended Fiber intake. Answer: same for persons with
or without diabetes because of health benfits 25 grams for woman and
38 grams for men or 14grma/1000cals
Current research shows > 50grams fiber per da improves glycemic
control
●● (e2q31)dx metabolic syndrome. Answer: place pts at high risk for
cardiovascular disease. Dx of metobolic syndrome is 3 of the following--
large waist circumference woman > 30 inches, men > 40inches, B/P >
135/85, fast glucose >100, Tgl >150, low HDL ,50,
●● (e2q46)What drug causes weight gain. Answer: Pioglitazone, TZD's
deposition of free fatty acids promote insulin resistance
●● (e2q49) what can effect A1c results. Answer: Low albumin does not,
but sickel cell anemia, iron deficiency and iron supplementation may
, ●● (e2q54)the normal hormonal response during acute physical activity
?. Answer: decrease in insulin, increase in glucogon,and epinephrine,
norepinephrine, growth hormones and cortisol
●● (e2q56) To reduce hypoglycemia a snck containing how many grams
CHO for everyn 30-45 mins moderate physical activity. Answer: 0-
10grams mild activity every 30 mins, 05-10grams for every 15 mins for
moderate activity and 0-15 grams for every 15 minutes of high intensity
activity
●● (e2q70) What food drug interactions interfere with orlistat. Answer:
FAT, orlistat interferes GI lipases resulting in decreased hydrolysis, of
pts consume >30 % of calories as fat may experience flatus with
discharge, fecal urgency, oily stool
●● Lingliptin(tradjenta). Answer: all Dpp4 inhibitors may be prescribed
to patients with decreased kidney function, but liglipligdine does not
require any dose changes because of exretion via bile
●● Health Belief Model. Answer: Addresses the relationship between a
person's beliefs and behaviors
How serious do you believe your diabetes is ?
●● Trans-theoretical Model of Change. Answer: pre-
contemplation(share something you want to learn), contemplation,
preparation, action, maintenance
