NRNP 6566 FINAL EXAM 4 2026 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES A+
◉ Be able to calculate creatinine clearance using Cockgraft Gault
equation. Answer: Male = 140-age times weight in kilograms divided
by serum creatinine times 72.
Women = CRCL (male) times 0.85
◉ Describe what determines the frequency of drug administration.
Answer: half life
plasma concentration
◉ Be familiar with the beers criteria and how to use it. Answer:
Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults
to call attention to medications that are most commonly problematic
and thus should be avoided in older adults
◉ Describe factors that affect absorption. Answer: low blood state
(shock or arrest), contact time with GI tract too fast (diarrhea = cant
absorb), delayed stomach emptying (large meal = delayed
absorption)Drug- to drug or drug to food interactions
, ◉ Describe the factors that affect distribution. Answer: low albumin
levels, body composition, cardiac decompensation (heart failure),
age
◉ Describe the factors that affect metabolism. Answer: genetics, age,
organ function
◉ Describe factors that affect excretion. Answer: affected by
abnormal kidney or liver function, age, drug interactions
◉ Define narrow therapeutic index. How would you monitor a
patient with a narrow therapeutic index?. Answer: Therapeutic
index is the dose range of effiency of med is optimized while side
effects are minimized
Narrow therapeutic index drugs are defined as those drugs where
small differences in dose or blood concentration may lead to dose
and blood concentration dependant, serious therapeutic failures or
adverse drug reactions.
You will need to monitor blood tests to monitor blood
concentrations and dose adjustments accordingly.
◉ Describe how aging can affect absorption, distribution,
metabolism and excretion. Answer: decreased organ function, poorly
tolerate drugs that require metabolism, lower rates of excretion
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES A+
◉ Be able to calculate creatinine clearance using Cockgraft Gault
equation. Answer: Male = 140-age times weight in kilograms divided
by serum creatinine times 72.
Women = CRCL (male) times 0.85
◉ Describe what determines the frequency of drug administration.
Answer: half life
plasma concentration
◉ Be familiar with the beers criteria and how to use it. Answer:
Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults
to call attention to medications that are most commonly problematic
and thus should be avoided in older adults
◉ Describe factors that affect absorption. Answer: low blood state
(shock or arrest), contact time with GI tract too fast (diarrhea = cant
absorb), delayed stomach emptying (large meal = delayed
absorption)Drug- to drug or drug to food interactions
, ◉ Describe the factors that affect distribution. Answer: low albumin
levels, body composition, cardiac decompensation (heart failure),
age
◉ Describe the factors that affect metabolism. Answer: genetics, age,
organ function
◉ Describe factors that affect excretion. Answer: affected by
abnormal kidney or liver function, age, drug interactions
◉ Define narrow therapeutic index. How would you monitor a
patient with a narrow therapeutic index?. Answer: Therapeutic
index is the dose range of effiency of med is optimized while side
effects are minimized
Narrow therapeutic index drugs are defined as those drugs where
small differences in dose or blood concentration may lead to dose
and blood concentration dependant, serious therapeutic failures or
adverse drug reactions.
You will need to monitor blood tests to monitor blood
concentrations and dose adjustments accordingly.
◉ Describe how aging can affect absorption, distribution,
metabolism and excretion. Answer: decreased organ function, poorly
tolerate drugs that require metabolism, lower rates of excretion
