NSG 122 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ illness.
Answer: the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process
involving changed level of functioning
◍ protein.
Answer: -required for formation of all body structures-based on amino acid
composition-animal proteins are complete, plant proteins are
incomplete-RDA for adults is 0.8g/kg
◍ pyuria.
Answer: pus in the urine; urine appears cloudy
◍ nursing theory.
Answer: differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it
serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling
desired outcomes of nursing care practices
◍ Potential Benefits of Isotonic Exercise:.
Answer: increased muscle mass, tone, and strength; improved joint mobility;
increased cardiac and respiratory function; increased circulation; and
increased osteoblastic or bone-building activity.
◍ Circadian Rhythm Disorder.
Answer: Characterized by a chronic or recurrent pattern of sleep-wake
rhythm disruption primarily caused by an alteration in the internal circadian
timing system or misalignment between the internal circadian rhythm and
the sleep-wake schedule desired or required; a sleep-wake disturbance (e.g.,
insomnia or excessive sleepiness); and associated distress or impairment,
, lasting for a period of at least 3 months (except for jet lag disorder)
◍ jaundice causes.
Answer: yellowish, itchy skin; bilirubin problem and liver not functioning
properly
◍ 4 Non Pharmacological Pain Interventions.
Answer: 1. Distractions: used with analgesics mild pain relief2. Music
Therapy: used in postoperative patients combined with opioids3.
Meditation4. Cutaneous Stimulation
◍ hemostasis.
Answer: occurs immediately after intial injury, blood vessels constrict and
clotting begins, exudate(drainage) forms and causes swelling and pain,
increased perfusion results in heat and redness, platelets stimulate other cells
to migrate to injury to participate in phases of healing
◍ nocturia.
Answer: awakening at night to urinate
◍ ostomy.
Answer: surgical opening from the inside of an organ to the outside
◍ Why is lateral position preferred for relieving pressure?.
Answer: Comfortable position for resting. Relives pressure on scapulae,
sacrum, and heels and allows the legs and feet to be comfortably flexed,
support pillows are needed for correct positioning
◍ Physiological Stressors.
Answer: have both a specific effect and a general effect. The specific effect
is an alteration of normal body structure and function. The general effect is
the stress response. Examples: Primary physiologic stressors include
chemical agents (drugs, poisons), physical agents (heat, cold, trauma),
infectious agents (viruses, bacteria), nutritional imbalances, hypoxia, and
genetic or immune disorders.
◍ Visceral Pain.
, Answer: Is poorly localized and originates in body organs in the thorax,
cranium, and abdomen. Visceral pain is one of the most common types of
pain produced by disease, and occurs as organs stretch abnormally and
become distended, ischemic, or inflamed
◍ Somatic Pain.
Answer: Deep somatic pain is diffuse or scattered and originates in tendons,
ligaments, bones, blood vessels, and nerves. Strong pressure on a bone or
damage to tissue that occurs with a sprain causes deep somatic pain
◍ afferent nervous system conveys info to the.
Answer: CNS; going to your brain
◍ dysuria.
Answer: painful or difficult urination
◍ Why do you avoid massaging the legs for graduated compression
stockings?.
Answer: Do not massage the legs. If a clot is present, it may break away
from the vessel wall and circulate in the bloodstream.
◍ 4 Exercise Effects on the Body.
Answer: 1. Increased demand for oxygen to muscles2. Systolic BP
Increases3. Respiratory Rate Increases4. Heart Rate Increases
◍ Cartilaginous Joints.
Answer: Slightly moveable Between vertebrae
◍ sims position.
Answer: patient again lies on the side but the lower arm is behind the patient
and the upper are is flexed at both the shoulder and the elbow
◍ 4 Patient Positions to Relieve Pressure.
Answer: 1. Lateral (side lying)2. Fowlers3. Prone4. Supine
◍ Do comfort measures require an order?.
Answer: Yes
◍ 3 Nursing Diagnosis About Mobility.
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ illness.
Answer: the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process
involving changed level of functioning
◍ protein.
Answer: -required for formation of all body structures-based on amino acid
composition-animal proteins are complete, plant proteins are
incomplete-RDA for adults is 0.8g/kg
◍ pyuria.
Answer: pus in the urine; urine appears cloudy
◍ nursing theory.
Answer: differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it
serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling
desired outcomes of nursing care practices
◍ Potential Benefits of Isotonic Exercise:.
Answer: increased muscle mass, tone, and strength; improved joint mobility;
increased cardiac and respiratory function; increased circulation; and
increased osteoblastic or bone-building activity.
◍ Circadian Rhythm Disorder.
Answer: Characterized by a chronic or recurrent pattern of sleep-wake
rhythm disruption primarily caused by an alteration in the internal circadian
timing system or misalignment between the internal circadian rhythm and
the sleep-wake schedule desired or required; a sleep-wake disturbance (e.g.,
insomnia or excessive sleepiness); and associated distress or impairment,
, lasting for a period of at least 3 months (except for jet lag disorder)
◍ jaundice causes.
Answer: yellowish, itchy skin; bilirubin problem and liver not functioning
properly
◍ 4 Non Pharmacological Pain Interventions.
Answer: 1. Distractions: used with analgesics mild pain relief2. Music
Therapy: used in postoperative patients combined with opioids3.
Meditation4. Cutaneous Stimulation
◍ hemostasis.
Answer: occurs immediately after intial injury, blood vessels constrict and
clotting begins, exudate(drainage) forms and causes swelling and pain,
increased perfusion results in heat and redness, platelets stimulate other cells
to migrate to injury to participate in phases of healing
◍ nocturia.
Answer: awakening at night to urinate
◍ ostomy.
Answer: surgical opening from the inside of an organ to the outside
◍ Why is lateral position preferred for relieving pressure?.
Answer: Comfortable position for resting. Relives pressure on scapulae,
sacrum, and heels and allows the legs and feet to be comfortably flexed,
support pillows are needed for correct positioning
◍ Physiological Stressors.
Answer: have both a specific effect and a general effect. The specific effect
is an alteration of normal body structure and function. The general effect is
the stress response. Examples: Primary physiologic stressors include
chemical agents (drugs, poisons), physical agents (heat, cold, trauma),
infectious agents (viruses, bacteria), nutritional imbalances, hypoxia, and
genetic or immune disorders.
◍ Visceral Pain.
, Answer: Is poorly localized and originates in body organs in the thorax,
cranium, and abdomen. Visceral pain is one of the most common types of
pain produced by disease, and occurs as organs stretch abnormally and
become distended, ischemic, or inflamed
◍ Somatic Pain.
Answer: Deep somatic pain is diffuse or scattered and originates in tendons,
ligaments, bones, blood vessels, and nerves. Strong pressure on a bone or
damage to tissue that occurs with a sprain causes deep somatic pain
◍ afferent nervous system conveys info to the.
Answer: CNS; going to your brain
◍ dysuria.
Answer: painful or difficult urination
◍ Why do you avoid massaging the legs for graduated compression
stockings?.
Answer: Do not massage the legs. If a clot is present, it may break away
from the vessel wall and circulate in the bloodstream.
◍ 4 Exercise Effects on the Body.
Answer: 1. Increased demand for oxygen to muscles2. Systolic BP
Increases3. Respiratory Rate Increases4. Heart Rate Increases
◍ Cartilaginous Joints.
Answer: Slightly moveable Between vertebrae
◍ sims position.
Answer: patient again lies on the side but the lower arm is behind the patient
and the upper are is flexed at both the shoulder and the elbow
◍ 4 Patient Positions to Relieve Pressure.
Answer: 1. Lateral (side lying)2. Fowlers3. Prone4. Supine
◍ Do comfort measures require an order?.
Answer: Yes
◍ 3 Nursing Diagnosis About Mobility.
