NSG 320 SCRIPT 2026 FULL SOLVED
CONTENT
◉Glucagon. Answer: - Given if IV route not available in acute setting
of hypoglycemia
◉Nursing diagnosis related to DM. Answer: - Alteration in blood
sugar regulation
- Knowledge deficit
- Risk for infection
- Risk for impaired skin integrity
- Alterations in nutrition
- Activity intolerance
◉Oral antidiabetic vs insulin. Answer: - Type 1 with ALWAYS require
insulin
- Type 2 only requires insulin
- Timed during the day to mimic the normal function of the pancreas
- NEVER a substitute for mgmt of diet and exercise
◉Oral antidiabetics. Answer: - Work on 3 defects of type 2 DM:
,* Insulin resistance
* Decreased insulin production
* Increased hepatic glucose production
◉Nursing implications for oral antidiabetics. Answer: - Monitor vital
signs as oral antidiabetics increases cardiac function and oxygen
consumption which can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias
- Administer with food to avoid GI upset
- Monitor BS
◉2 different insulin regiments. Answer: - Basal bolus regimen: To
mimic the pancreas, providing enough insulin to ensure a steady
glucose supply to maintain a basic metabolic processes in the body
- Mealtime insulin: Provides additional insulin for glucose
absorption after meals
◉Rapid acting insulin. Answer: - lispro (Humalog), aspart (Novolog),
and glulisine (Apidra)
- Onset action in 15 minutes
- Peak 30 min - 3 hours
- Duration 3-5 hours
- Should be administered within 15 minutes of meal time
,◉Short acting insulin. Answer: - Humulin R and Novolin R
- Onset action is 30-60 minutes
- Peak 2-5 hours
- Duration 5-8 hours
- Administer 30-45 minutes before a meal
- More likely to cause hypoglycemic reaction
◉Intermediate-acting insulin. Answer: - NPH and Humulin 70/30
- Administered 1-2 times a day
- Onset 1.5-4 hours
- Duration is 12-18 hours
- Peak 4-12 hours
- Can mix with short and rapid acting insulins
- Cloudy
- Disadvantage is peak action is 4-12 hours which may result in
hypoglycemia
◉Long acting (basal) insulin. Answer: - glargine (Lantus) and
determir (Levemir)
- Onset .8 - 4 hours
- Duration 16-24 hours
- Used to manage glucose levels between meals and overnight
, - Released steadily and continuously
- Do not mix with other insulins
◉Combination insulin therapy. Answer: - Can mix short or rapid
acting insulin with intermediate-acting insulin in same syrine
- Provide mealtime and basal coverage
◉Insulin injection sites. Answer: - Abdomen is preferred site
- Rotate sites
- Regular insulin may be given via IV
◉Insulin. Answer: - Do not freeze or heat
- Store unopened in refrigerator away from direct sunlight
- Opened vials or pens may be stored for 4 weeks at room
temperature
- Prefilled syringes containing two different insulins are stable for up
to one week in fridge. Prefilled syringes with one insulin are stable
for 30 days
◉Insulin pump. Answer: - Delivers a continuous subcutaneous rapid
acting insulin infusion through a small device worn
- At mealtime, may alter dose in according to what was eaten
CONTENT
◉Glucagon. Answer: - Given if IV route not available in acute setting
of hypoglycemia
◉Nursing diagnosis related to DM. Answer: - Alteration in blood
sugar regulation
- Knowledge deficit
- Risk for infection
- Risk for impaired skin integrity
- Alterations in nutrition
- Activity intolerance
◉Oral antidiabetic vs insulin. Answer: - Type 1 with ALWAYS require
insulin
- Type 2 only requires insulin
- Timed during the day to mimic the normal function of the pancreas
- NEVER a substitute for mgmt of diet and exercise
◉Oral antidiabetics. Answer: - Work on 3 defects of type 2 DM:
,* Insulin resistance
* Decreased insulin production
* Increased hepatic glucose production
◉Nursing implications for oral antidiabetics. Answer: - Monitor vital
signs as oral antidiabetics increases cardiac function and oxygen
consumption which can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias
- Administer with food to avoid GI upset
- Monitor BS
◉2 different insulin regiments. Answer: - Basal bolus regimen: To
mimic the pancreas, providing enough insulin to ensure a steady
glucose supply to maintain a basic metabolic processes in the body
- Mealtime insulin: Provides additional insulin for glucose
absorption after meals
◉Rapid acting insulin. Answer: - lispro (Humalog), aspart (Novolog),
and glulisine (Apidra)
- Onset action in 15 minutes
- Peak 30 min - 3 hours
- Duration 3-5 hours
- Should be administered within 15 minutes of meal time
,◉Short acting insulin. Answer: - Humulin R and Novolin R
- Onset action is 30-60 minutes
- Peak 2-5 hours
- Duration 5-8 hours
- Administer 30-45 minutes before a meal
- More likely to cause hypoglycemic reaction
◉Intermediate-acting insulin. Answer: - NPH and Humulin 70/30
- Administered 1-2 times a day
- Onset 1.5-4 hours
- Duration is 12-18 hours
- Peak 4-12 hours
- Can mix with short and rapid acting insulins
- Cloudy
- Disadvantage is peak action is 4-12 hours which may result in
hypoglycemia
◉Long acting (basal) insulin. Answer: - glargine (Lantus) and
determir (Levemir)
- Onset .8 - 4 hours
- Duration 16-24 hours
- Used to manage glucose levels between meals and overnight
, - Released steadily and continuously
- Do not mix with other insulins
◉Combination insulin therapy. Answer: - Can mix short or rapid
acting insulin with intermediate-acting insulin in same syrine
- Provide mealtime and basal coverage
◉Insulin injection sites. Answer: - Abdomen is preferred site
- Rotate sites
- Regular insulin may be given via IV
◉Insulin. Answer: - Do not freeze or heat
- Store unopened in refrigerator away from direct sunlight
- Opened vials or pens may be stored for 4 weeks at room
temperature
- Prefilled syringes containing two different insulins are stable for up
to one week in fridge. Prefilled syringes with one insulin are stable
for 30 days
◉Insulin pump. Answer: - Delivers a continuous subcutaneous rapid
acting insulin infusion through a small device worn
- At mealtime, may alter dose in according to what was eaten
