NSG 123 MED SURG 1 EXAM 3 2026 HERZING
FINAL REVIEW BUNDLED SOLUTION PACKAGE
◉ What are HTN clinical manifestation? Answer: "Silent killer" (no
warning or s/s)
But when they do show it's:
1. Retinal Changes such as hemorrhages
Exudates (fluid accumulation)
Cotton wool spots (small infarction)
Papilledema (swelling of the optic disc in severe HTN)
2. Coronary artery disease with angina and myocardial infraction
3. LVH
4. Cerebral vascular disease
◉ What are the stages of HTN? Answer: Normal: <120 & <80
Prehypertension: 120-129 & <80
Stage 1: 130-139 & 80-89
Stage 2: 140-159 & 90-99
HTN CRISIS: greater or equal to 180 and greater or equal to 120
diastole.
◉ Nursing Intervention for Normal B/P Answer: After having the BP
measured to screen for hypertension, a patient not previously diagnosed
,with hypertension and with a normal BP (i.e., SBP less than 120 mm Hg
and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) can be advised to have the BP
reevaluated in 1 year.
◉ Prehypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient without a
prior diagnosis of hypertension with an elevated BP (i.e., SBP 120 to
129 mm Hg and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) should be advised to follow
up with additional BP readings within 3 to 6 months.
◉ Hypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient with a BP that
could be consistent with hypertension; that is, with an SBP greater than
or equal to 130 mm Hg or a DBP greater than or equal to 80 mm Hg
should follow-up with additional BP readings within 1 month's time to
either confirm or rule out the diagnosis
◉ What B/P measurements are used to accurately diagnose someone
with HTN? And why? Answer: Home Blood Pressure Measurements
(HBPM)
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements (ABPM)
Because of masked hypertension and white coat hypertension.
◉ What patients should not to be instructed to a follow up B/P
measurements? Answer: Patients not instructed to follow up with
additional BP readings to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension are
patients with average BP readings greater than or equal to 160/100 mm
, Hg on one occasion; these patients are diagnosed with hypertension and
begin treatment with antihypertensive medications
◉ Sleep apnea and Hypertension Answer: Having obstructive sleep
apnea increases your risk of high blood pressure (hypertension).
Obstructive sleep apnea might also increase your risk of recurrent heart
attack, stroke and abnormal heartbeats, such as atrial fibrillation.
(Google searched)
◉ Primary hypertension Answer: High blood pressure, the cause of
which is unknown; also known as essential hypertension
◉ Secondary hypertension Answer: high blood pressure caused by the
effects of another disease
◉ Primary hypertension Nursing Management Answer: combination of
lifestyle changes: weight loss in overweight persons; increased physical
activity; moderation of alcohol intake; and consumption of a diet that is
higher in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products and lower in
sodium content or the DASH diet.
◉ Secondary Hypertension Nursing intervention Answer: Patients
suspected to have secondary hypertension must be accurately screened
and the disorder that caused the high blood pressure must be properly
treated in order to bring the patient's blood pressure into normal
parameters
FINAL REVIEW BUNDLED SOLUTION PACKAGE
◉ What are HTN clinical manifestation? Answer: "Silent killer" (no
warning or s/s)
But when they do show it's:
1. Retinal Changes such as hemorrhages
Exudates (fluid accumulation)
Cotton wool spots (small infarction)
Papilledema (swelling of the optic disc in severe HTN)
2. Coronary artery disease with angina and myocardial infraction
3. LVH
4. Cerebral vascular disease
◉ What are the stages of HTN? Answer: Normal: <120 & <80
Prehypertension: 120-129 & <80
Stage 1: 130-139 & 80-89
Stage 2: 140-159 & 90-99
HTN CRISIS: greater or equal to 180 and greater or equal to 120
diastole.
◉ Nursing Intervention for Normal B/P Answer: After having the BP
measured to screen for hypertension, a patient not previously diagnosed
,with hypertension and with a normal BP (i.e., SBP less than 120 mm Hg
and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) can be advised to have the BP
reevaluated in 1 year.
◉ Prehypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient without a
prior diagnosis of hypertension with an elevated BP (i.e., SBP 120 to
129 mm Hg and DBP less than 80 mm Hg) should be advised to follow
up with additional BP readings within 3 to 6 months.
◉ Hypertension Nursing Intervention Answer: A patient with a BP that
could be consistent with hypertension; that is, with an SBP greater than
or equal to 130 mm Hg or a DBP greater than or equal to 80 mm Hg
should follow-up with additional BP readings within 1 month's time to
either confirm or rule out the diagnosis
◉ What B/P measurements are used to accurately diagnose someone
with HTN? And why? Answer: Home Blood Pressure Measurements
(HBPM)
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements (ABPM)
Because of masked hypertension and white coat hypertension.
◉ What patients should not to be instructed to a follow up B/P
measurements? Answer: Patients not instructed to follow up with
additional BP readings to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension are
patients with average BP readings greater than or equal to 160/100 mm
, Hg on one occasion; these patients are diagnosed with hypertension and
begin treatment with antihypertensive medications
◉ Sleep apnea and Hypertension Answer: Having obstructive sleep
apnea increases your risk of high blood pressure (hypertension).
Obstructive sleep apnea might also increase your risk of recurrent heart
attack, stroke and abnormal heartbeats, such as atrial fibrillation.
(Google searched)
◉ Primary hypertension Answer: High blood pressure, the cause of
which is unknown; also known as essential hypertension
◉ Secondary hypertension Answer: high blood pressure caused by the
effects of another disease
◉ Primary hypertension Nursing Management Answer: combination of
lifestyle changes: weight loss in overweight persons; increased physical
activity; moderation of alcohol intake; and consumption of a diet that is
higher in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products and lower in
sodium content or the DASH diet.
◉ Secondary Hypertension Nursing intervention Answer: Patients
suspected to have secondary hypertension must be accurately screened
and the disorder that caused the high blood pressure must be properly
treated in order to bring the patient's blood pressure into normal
parameters
