SOLUTION STUDY MATERIAL
◉ What mediates Type I hypersensitivity? Answer: IgE antibodies.
◉ What happens in Type I hypersensitivity? Answer: IgE binds mast
cells → allergen exposure → histamine release.
◉ Examples of Type I hypersensitivity? Answer: Hay fever, asthma,
urticaria, anaphylaxis.
◉ Treatment for anaphylaxis? Answer: Epinephrine.
◉ Symptoms of allergic rhinitis? Answer: Sneezing, runny nose,
congestion, watery eyes.
◉ What is urticaria? Answer: Hives with wheal-and-flare rash.
◉ What defines Type II hypersensitivity? Answer: Antibodies attack
specific cells or tissues.
◉ Example of Type II hypersensitivity? Answer: Graves disease.
, ◉ Pathophysiology of Graves disease? Answer: Autoantibodies
stimulate thyroid hormone production.
◉ What is exophthalmos? Answer: Bulging eyes due to thyroid
autoimmune swelling.
◉ What causes Type III hypersensitivity? Answer: Circulating
immune complex deposition.
◉ Difference between Type II and III hypersensitivity? Answer: Type
II = antibodies on cells; Type III = circulating complexes.
◉ Example of Type III hypersensitivity? Answer: Raynaud
phenomenon.
◉ Raynaud color sequence? Answer: White → Blue → Red.
◉ Trigger for Raynaud attacks? Answer: Cold exposure or stress.
◉ What mediates Type IV hypersensitivity? Answer: T lymphocytes.