NSG 222 EXAM 5 2026 TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ estrogen functions: reproductive cycle. Answer: - follicular
(ending with ovulation at day 14) and luteal phases (ending with
menstruation)
- proliferation of uterine endothelium and endocervical mucus
production
◉ estrogen functions: bones. Answer: maintenance of bone health
by blocking the actions of osteoclasts
◉ estrogen functions: cholesterol. Answer: favors beneficial ratio of
HDL:LDL (considered cardioprotective)
◉ estrogen functions: coagulation. Answer: complex, but clinically
considered thrombogenic
◉ progesterone functions. Answer: reproductive cycle - luteal phase
- secretory phase and hypertrophy of the endometrium in
preparation for implantation of the zygote
,◉ progesterone - no implantation. Answer: corpus luteum breaks
down, progesterone declines, and endometrium sheds
(menstruation)
◉ progesterone - implantation. Answer: corpus luteum and placenta
synthesize and release progesterone to support the endometrial
lining and the pregnancy
◉ uses of estrogen and progesterone. Answer: - contraception
- menopausal hormone therapy
- gender affirmation and transgender health
- acne
- female hypogonadism
◉ estrogen treating acne. Answer: antibiotics used to treat organism
and estrogen and/or anti-androgens are used to block the influence
of testosterone
◉ estrogen treating hypogonadism. Answer: in absence of estrogen
therapy, secondary sex characteristics will not develop - estrogen
administered exogenously
◉ composition of combination pills for contraception. Answer:
estradiol
, AND
1 of 4 generations of progestins to prevent ovulation
◉ combination pills MOA. Answer: - 28 day cycle (21 active
medication and 7 placebo)
- placebo pills initiate menstruation
- prevent ovulation
◉ 2 ways to eliminate menstruation. Answer: 1) take an extended
cycle oral contraception
2) take a monophastic oral contraceptive and skip placebo pills
◉ example of extended cycle oral contraceptive. Answer:
LoSeasonique
- 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol
- 0.1 mg levonorgestrel
$$$
◉ example of monophasic oral contraceptive. Answer: Lutera
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ estrogen functions: reproductive cycle. Answer: - follicular
(ending with ovulation at day 14) and luteal phases (ending with
menstruation)
- proliferation of uterine endothelium and endocervical mucus
production
◉ estrogen functions: bones. Answer: maintenance of bone health
by blocking the actions of osteoclasts
◉ estrogen functions: cholesterol. Answer: favors beneficial ratio of
HDL:LDL (considered cardioprotective)
◉ estrogen functions: coagulation. Answer: complex, but clinically
considered thrombogenic
◉ progesterone functions. Answer: reproductive cycle - luteal phase
- secretory phase and hypertrophy of the endometrium in
preparation for implantation of the zygote
,◉ progesterone - no implantation. Answer: corpus luteum breaks
down, progesterone declines, and endometrium sheds
(menstruation)
◉ progesterone - implantation. Answer: corpus luteum and placenta
synthesize and release progesterone to support the endometrial
lining and the pregnancy
◉ uses of estrogen and progesterone. Answer: - contraception
- menopausal hormone therapy
- gender affirmation and transgender health
- acne
- female hypogonadism
◉ estrogen treating acne. Answer: antibiotics used to treat organism
and estrogen and/or anti-androgens are used to block the influence
of testosterone
◉ estrogen treating hypogonadism. Answer: in absence of estrogen
therapy, secondary sex characteristics will not develop - estrogen
administered exogenously
◉ composition of combination pills for contraception. Answer:
estradiol
, AND
1 of 4 generations of progestins to prevent ovulation
◉ combination pills MOA. Answer: - 28 day cycle (21 active
medication and 7 placebo)
- placebo pills initiate menstruation
- prevent ovulation
◉ 2 ways to eliminate menstruation. Answer: 1) take an extended
cycle oral contraception
2) take a monophastic oral contraceptive and skip placebo pills
◉ example of extended cycle oral contraceptive. Answer:
LoSeasonique
- 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol
- 0.1 mg levonorgestrel
$$$
◉ example of monophasic oral contraceptive. Answer: Lutera
