NSG 233 EXAM 5 HERZING 2026 ACTUAL
SCRIPT COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
◉ bilirubin encephalopathy. Answer: Acute manifestation of
bilirubin toxicity occurring in the first weeks after birth.
◉ erythroblastosis fetalis. Answer: Agglutination and hemolysis of
fetal erythrocytes caused by incompatibility between the maternal
and fetal blood types, such as when the fetus is Rh-positive and the
mother is Rh-negative.
◉ esophageal atresia. Answer: Condition in which the esophagus is
separated from the stomach and ends in a blind pouch.
◉ gastroschisis. Answer: Protrusion of the intestines through a
defect in the abdominal wall. The intestines are not covered by a
peritoneal sac or skin.
◉ hydrops fetalis. Answer: Heart failure and generalized edema in
the fetus secondary to severe anemia resulting from destruction of
erythrocytes.
,◉ kernicterus. Answer: Chronic and permanent result of bilirubin
toxicity.
◉ meningocele. Answer: Protrusion of the meninges through a
defect in the vertebrae; a form of neural tube defect.
◉ myelomeningocele. Answer: Protrusion of the meninges and
spinal cord through a defect in the vertebrae; a form of neural tube
defect.
◉ neonatal abstinence syndrome. Answer: A cluster of physical signs
exhibited by newborns exposed in utero to maternal use of
substances such as heroin.
◉ omphalocele. Answer: Protrusion of the intestines into the base of
the umbilical cord. The intestines are covered by a peritoneal sac.
◉ persistent pulmonary hypertension. Answer: Vasoconstriction of
the infant's pulmonary vessels after birth; may result in right-to-left
shunting of blood flow through the ductus arteriosus, the foramen
ovale, or both.
◉ spina bifida. Answer: Defective closure of the bony spine that
encloses the spinal cord; a type of neural tube defect.
,◉ tracheoesophageal fistula. Answer: Abnormal connection between
the esophagus and trachea.
◉ transient tachypnea of the newborn. Answer: Condition of rapid
respirations caused by inadequate absorption of fetal lung fluid.
◉ How is TTN different from RDS?. Answer: Transient tachypnea of
the newborn is thought to be caused by failure of fetal lung fluid to
be absorbed completely in late preterm, full-term, or preterm
infants. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurs in preterm
infants as a result of inadequate surfactant. It is less serious than
RDS but is the most common respiratory cause of NICU admission.
◉ Why is there resistance of blood flow into the lungs in PPHN?.
Answer: Infants with PPHN have constriction of the pulmonary
blood vessels from inadequate oxygen levels. This increases
resistance to blood flow into the lungs and causes blood to flow
through the foramen ovale and patent ductus arteriosus.
◉ How can kernicterus be prevented?. Answer: Kernicterus can be
prevented by identifying women whose infants are at risk for blood
incompatibilities, giving Rh-negative mothers Rh immune globulin,
recognizing infants with bilirubin levels that are not normal, and
instituting phototherapy when it is needed.
, ◉ How can the nurse help reduce bilirubin levels in infants receiving
phototherapy?. Answer: Nurses can help reduce bilirubin level in an
infant receiving phototherapy by ensuring that the lights or blankets
are functioning and positioned properly; reducing the infant's time
out of phototherapy; ensuring adequate intake to increase removal
of bilirubin by frequent stools; preventing cold stress or
hypoglycemia, which would decrease albumin-binding sites for
bilirubin; and turning the infant frequently to expose all areas to the
lights.
◉ What is the role of the nurse in caring for the infant with sepsis?.
Answer: The role of the nurse in sepsis is to identify early signs,
notify the physician, coordinate treatment, observe for change, and
support the family.
◉ Why are IDMs more likely to develop macrosomia?. Answer:
Macrosomia occurs in IDMs because of excessive transfer of glucose,
amino acids, and fatty acids from the mother to the fetus. This
results in fetal production of insulin and excessive growth in the
fetus.
◉ Why are IDMs at risk for hypoglycemia after birth?. Answer: IDMs
may develop hypoglycemia after birth because they have high levels
of insulin even though they no longer receive glucose from the
mother. Infants may need early feeding as a result.
SCRIPT COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
◉ bilirubin encephalopathy. Answer: Acute manifestation of
bilirubin toxicity occurring in the first weeks after birth.
◉ erythroblastosis fetalis. Answer: Agglutination and hemolysis of
fetal erythrocytes caused by incompatibility between the maternal
and fetal blood types, such as when the fetus is Rh-positive and the
mother is Rh-negative.
◉ esophageal atresia. Answer: Condition in which the esophagus is
separated from the stomach and ends in a blind pouch.
◉ gastroschisis. Answer: Protrusion of the intestines through a
defect in the abdominal wall. The intestines are not covered by a
peritoneal sac or skin.
◉ hydrops fetalis. Answer: Heart failure and generalized edema in
the fetus secondary to severe anemia resulting from destruction of
erythrocytes.
,◉ kernicterus. Answer: Chronic and permanent result of bilirubin
toxicity.
◉ meningocele. Answer: Protrusion of the meninges through a
defect in the vertebrae; a form of neural tube defect.
◉ myelomeningocele. Answer: Protrusion of the meninges and
spinal cord through a defect in the vertebrae; a form of neural tube
defect.
◉ neonatal abstinence syndrome. Answer: A cluster of physical signs
exhibited by newborns exposed in utero to maternal use of
substances such as heroin.
◉ omphalocele. Answer: Protrusion of the intestines into the base of
the umbilical cord. The intestines are covered by a peritoneal sac.
◉ persistent pulmonary hypertension. Answer: Vasoconstriction of
the infant's pulmonary vessels after birth; may result in right-to-left
shunting of blood flow through the ductus arteriosus, the foramen
ovale, or both.
◉ spina bifida. Answer: Defective closure of the bony spine that
encloses the spinal cord; a type of neural tube defect.
,◉ tracheoesophageal fistula. Answer: Abnormal connection between
the esophagus and trachea.
◉ transient tachypnea of the newborn. Answer: Condition of rapid
respirations caused by inadequate absorption of fetal lung fluid.
◉ How is TTN different from RDS?. Answer: Transient tachypnea of
the newborn is thought to be caused by failure of fetal lung fluid to
be absorbed completely in late preterm, full-term, or preterm
infants. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurs in preterm
infants as a result of inadequate surfactant. It is less serious than
RDS but is the most common respiratory cause of NICU admission.
◉ Why is there resistance of blood flow into the lungs in PPHN?.
Answer: Infants with PPHN have constriction of the pulmonary
blood vessels from inadequate oxygen levels. This increases
resistance to blood flow into the lungs and causes blood to flow
through the foramen ovale and patent ductus arteriosus.
◉ How can kernicterus be prevented?. Answer: Kernicterus can be
prevented by identifying women whose infants are at risk for blood
incompatibilities, giving Rh-negative mothers Rh immune globulin,
recognizing infants with bilirubin levels that are not normal, and
instituting phototherapy when it is needed.
, ◉ How can the nurse help reduce bilirubin levels in infants receiving
phototherapy?. Answer: Nurses can help reduce bilirubin level in an
infant receiving phototherapy by ensuring that the lights or blankets
are functioning and positioned properly; reducing the infant's time
out of phototherapy; ensuring adequate intake to increase removal
of bilirubin by frequent stools; preventing cold stress or
hypoglycemia, which would decrease albumin-binding sites for
bilirubin; and turning the infant frequently to expose all areas to the
lights.
◉ What is the role of the nurse in caring for the infant with sepsis?.
Answer: The role of the nurse in sepsis is to identify early signs,
notify the physician, coordinate treatment, observe for change, and
support the family.
◉ Why are IDMs more likely to develop macrosomia?. Answer:
Macrosomia occurs in IDMs because of excessive transfer of glucose,
amino acids, and fatty acids from the mother to the fetus. This
results in fetal production of insulin and excessive growth in the
fetus.
◉ Why are IDMs at risk for hypoglycemia after birth?. Answer: IDMs
may develop hypoglycemia after birth because they have high levels
of insulin even though they no longer receive glucose from the
mother. Infants may need early feeding as a result.
