NURS100 Fundamentals of Nursing Final Exam Review 2026 – WCU
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves the systematic collection of data
about a patient’s health status?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Diagnosis
Answer: B
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves collecting,
validating, and communicating patient data.
2. A nurse is providing an immunization to a child. This is an example of which
level of health prevention?
A. Secondary prevention
B. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and protection against specific
diseases, such as immunizations.
,3. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following should the
nurse prioritize first?
A. Self-actualization
B. Physiological needs
C. Safety and security
D. Love and belonging
Answer: B
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, food, water, elimination) are the most basic and
must be met before higher-level needs.
4. What is the minimum duration recommended for effective handwashing with
soap and water?
A. 5 seconds
B. 10 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 60 seconds
Answer: C
Rationale: The CDC recommends scrubbing hands for at least 20 seconds to effectively
remove pathogens.
5. Which type of data is the patient’s statement, ‘I feel nauseated’?
A. Objective data
B. Secondary data
C. Subjective data
D. Inferred data
Answer: C
Rationale: Subjective data are information perceived only by the affected person
(symptoms), such as feelings or pain.
, 6. A nurse is measuring blood pressure with a cuff that is too small for the
patient’s arm. What error will likely occur?
A. The reading will be falsely high
B. The reading will be falsely low
C. The systolic will be low and diastolic high
D. There will be no effect on the reading
Answer: A
Rationale: A cuff that is too narrow or small will result in a falsely high blood pressure
reading.
7. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do no harm to the
patient?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Answer: D
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the duty to avoid causing harm to the patient.
8. When maintaining a sterile field, which area is considered contaminated?
A. The center of the sterile drape
B. The 1-inch border around the edge
C. Objects placed 2 inches inside the border
D. Sterile gloves touching the sterile field
Answer: B
Rationale: The outer 1-inch edge of a sterile field is always considered contaminated.
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves the systematic collection of data
about a patient’s health status?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Diagnosis
Answer: B
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves collecting,
validating, and communicating patient data.
2. A nurse is providing an immunization to a child. This is an example of which
level of health prevention?
A. Secondary prevention
B. Primary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and protection against specific
diseases, such as immunizations.
,3. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following should the
nurse prioritize first?
A. Self-actualization
B. Physiological needs
C. Safety and security
D. Love and belonging
Answer: B
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, food, water, elimination) are the most basic and
must be met before higher-level needs.
4. What is the minimum duration recommended for effective handwashing with
soap and water?
A. 5 seconds
B. 10 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 60 seconds
Answer: C
Rationale: The CDC recommends scrubbing hands for at least 20 seconds to effectively
remove pathogens.
5. Which type of data is the patient’s statement, ‘I feel nauseated’?
A. Objective data
B. Secondary data
C. Subjective data
D. Inferred data
Answer: C
Rationale: Subjective data are information perceived only by the affected person
(symptoms), such as feelings or pain.
, 6. A nurse is measuring blood pressure with a cuff that is too small for the
patient’s arm. What error will likely occur?
A. The reading will be falsely high
B. The reading will be falsely low
C. The systolic will be low and diastolic high
D. There will be no effect on the reading
Answer: A
Rationale: A cuff that is too narrow or small will result in a falsely high blood pressure
reading.
7. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s obligation to do no harm to the
patient?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Answer: D
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the duty to avoid causing harm to the patient.
8. When maintaining a sterile field, which area is considered contaminated?
A. The center of the sterile drape
B. The 1-inch border around the edge
C. Objects placed 2 inches inside the border
D. Sterile gloves touching the sterile field
Answer: B
Rationale: The outer 1-inch edge of a sterile field is always considered contaminated.
