NURS 640 STUDY GUIDE TEST 1 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Promoting quality improvement. Answer: Rationing, education,
feedback, incentives, penalties, public reporting
◉ Readmission risk. Answer: Increased Chronic condition leads to
increased of hospital admission and his number one hospital missions.
◉ CMS supports readmission reduction. Answer: Reduces Medicare
spending
◉ Hospital discharges Factors that lead to increased readmission risk.
Answer: Facility factors: Handoff affairs
Patient factors: health literacy adherents
Disease factors:Known adverse outcomes of acute diseases
◉ Risk reduction strategies. Answer: Screening for high-risk patients,
improved communication, improved patient resources, improved clinical
resources
◉ Safety: types of errors. Answer: Diagnostic
Treatment
Preventative
,Other i.e Equipment failure system failure
◉ Human/contributions to era. Answer: Fatigue
transitional care
interruption
complexity a data/ care
◉ Safety and prevent strategies. Answer: Maintain safety culture
Learn from errors
Raise the bar for performance standards
The prevent safety systems within healthcare
◉ One example of safety. Answer: Josie King accidental overdose of
pain medicine in the hospital
◉ Acute-care treatment goals. Answer: Recovery, cure
◉ Chronic care treatment goals. Answer: Control disease
symptoms/defects, slow to disease progression, reduce morbidity and
mortality
◉ Prevention treatment goals. Answer: Prevent disease development
◉ Hypoxemia. Answer: decreased level of oxygen in the blood
,◉ Hypoxia. Answer: Low oxygen in body organs
◉ Oxygenation. Answer: the process of delivering oxygen to the blood
◉ PaO2. Answer: partial pressure of oxygen < 80mmhg
◉ PaO2/FiO2 ratio. Answer: (PaO2 divided by the FIO2) Essentially an
"efficiency" rating of pulmonary oxygen exchange used in critically ill
patients receiving more than 50% FIO2, & whose PaO2 ≤ 100 mmHg.
<300mmhg
◉ SpO2 (saturation of peripheral oxygen). Answer: abbreviation for the
percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen in arterial blood
as measured by a pulse oximeter
◉ Hypoxemia: Decreased O2 in the blood Mechanisms. Answer:
Hyperventilation
VQ mismatch (PE)
Right to left shunt (ARDS)
Reduced inspired O2
◉ Pulse oximetry. Answer: noninvasive technique that measures the
oxygen saturation (SaO2) of arterial blood
, ◉ Pulse ox symmetry limitations. Answer: SpO2< 80%, Movement,
Bright light Interference, Finger-nail polish, Decreased hemoglobin,
Reduce blood flow
◉ Pulse ox advantages. Answer: Rapid, noninvasive, continuous
monitoring.
◉ Pulse ox inaccuracies. Answer: Signal issues, hypoperfusion,
Hypothermia, Anemia, Dyes, Abnormal Hgb (CarboxyHgb, HgbA1C >
7, methemaglobin, sickle cell)
◉ Acid-base disorder Correction. Answer: Lungs= elimination/retention
of CO2: minutes-hours
Kidneys= Bicarb elimination/retention: hours to days
◉ Normal pH of blood. Answer: 7.35-7.45
◉ Normal PaCO2 range for ABG?. Answer: 35 - 45
◉ Normal PaO2. Answer: 80-100 mmhg
◉ HCO3. Answer: 22-26
◉ SaO2. Answer: 95-100%
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Promoting quality improvement. Answer: Rationing, education,
feedback, incentives, penalties, public reporting
◉ Readmission risk. Answer: Increased Chronic condition leads to
increased of hospital admission and his number one hospital missions.
◉ CMS supports readmission reduction. Answer: Reduces Medicare
spending
◉ Hospital discharges Factors that lead to increased readmission risk.
Answer: Facility factors: Handoff affairs
Patient factors: health literacy adherents
Disease factors:Known adverse outcomes of acute diseases
◉ Risk reduction strategies. Answer: Screening for high-risk patients,
improved communication, improved patient resources, improved clinical
resources
◉ Safety: types of errors. Answer: Diagnostic
Treatment
Preventative
,Other i.e Equipment failure system failure
◉ Human/contributions to era. Answer: Fatigue
transitional care
interruption
complexity a data/ care
◉ Safety and prevent strategies. Answer: Maintain safety culture
Learn from errors
Raise the bar for performance standards
The prevent safety systems within healthcare
◉ One example of safety. Answer: Josie King accidental overdose of
pain medicine in the hospital
◉ Acute-care treatment goals. Answer: Recovery, cure
◉ Chronic care treatment goals. Answer: Control disease
symptoms/defects, slow to disease progression, reduce morbidity and
mortality
◉ Prevention treatment goals. Answer: Prevent disease development
◉ Hypoxemia. Answer: decreased level of oxygen in the blood
,◉ Hypoxia. Answer: Low oxygen in body organs
◉ Oxygenation. Answer: the process of delivering oxygen to the blood
◉ PaO2. Answer: partial pressure of oxygen < 80mmhg
◉ PaO2/FiO2 ratio. Answer: (PaO2 divided by the FIO2) Essentially an
"efficiency" rating of pulmonary oxygen exchange used in critically ill
patients receiving more than 50% FIO2, & whose PaO2 ≤ 100 mmHg.
<300mmhg
◉ SpO2 (saturation of peripheral oxygen). Answer: abbreviation for the
percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen in arterial blood
as measured by a pulse oximeter
◉ Hypoxemia: Decreased O2 in the blood Mechanisms. Answer:
Hyperventilation
VQ mismatch (PE)
Right to left shunt (ARDS)
Reduced inspired O2
◉ Pulse oximetry. Answer: noninvasive technique that measures the
oxygen saturation (SaO2) of arterial blood
, ◉ Pulse ox symmetry limitations. Answer: SpO2< 80%, Movement,
Bright light Interference, Finger-nail polish, Decreased hemoglobin,
Reduce blood flow
◉ Pulse ox advantages. Answer: Rapid, noninvasive, continuous
monitoring.
◉ Pulse ox inaccuracies. Answer: Signal issues, hypoperfusion,
Hypothermia, Anemia, Dyes, Abnormal Hgb (CarboxyHgb, HgbA1C >
7, methemaglobin, sickle cell)
◉ Acid-base disorder Correction. Answer: Lungs= elimination/retention
of CO2: minutes-hours
Kidneys= Bicarb elimination/retention: hours to days
◉ Normal pH of blood. Answer: 7.35-7.45
◉ Normal PaCO2 range for ABG?. Answer: 35 - 45
◉ Normal PaO2. Answer: 80-100 mmhg
◉ HCO3. Answer: 22-26
◉ SaO2. Answer: 95-100%
