NUR 6111 Week 4 EENT Exam Preparation 2026 William Peterson
University
1. A patient presents with a painful, red, and swollen lump on the eyelid margin.
Which condition is most likely?
A. Chalazion
B. Hordeolum
C. Blepharitis
D. Dacryocystitis
Answer: B
Rationale: A hordeolum (stye) is an acute, painful infection of the eyelid margin, whereas a
chalazion is typically a painless, chronic inflammatory lesion.
2. Which of the following findings during a Fundoscopic exam is most indicative
of increased intracranial pressure?
A. Cotton wool spots
B. Arteriovenous (AV) nicking
C. Drusen
D. Papilledema
Answer: D
Rationale: Papilledema refers to swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial
pressure, appearing as blurred disc margins on examination.
,3. A 65-year-old patient reports gradual loss of central vision while peripheral
vision remains intact. This is a classic presentation of:
A. Glaucoma
B. Cataracts
C. Retinal Detachment
D. Macular Degeneration
Answer: D
Rationale: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) specifically affects the macula,
causing a loss of central vision, while peripheral vision is usually preserved.
4. In a patient with Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma, which of the following is a
characteristic finding?
A. Gradual, painless loss of vision
B. Severe eye pain and a mid-dilated, fixed pupil
C. Purulent discharge from the eye
D. Floating spots and flashes of light
Answer: B
Rationale: Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma is a medical emergency presenting with sudden
severe pain, halos around lights, and a fixed, mid-dilated pupil.
5. A Weber test where the sound lateralizes to the ‘bad’ ear suggests:
A. Sensorineural hearing loss
B. Normal hearing
C. Conductive hearing loss
D. Presbycusis
Answer: C
Rationale: In the Weber test, sound lateralizes to the affected ear in conductive hearing
loss because the sound is not ‘distracted’ by ambient room noise.
, 6. Which physical exam finding is most consistent with Otitis Externa?
A. Bulging and erythematous tympanic membrane
B. Pain with manipulation of the pinna or tragus
C. Fluid behind the tympanic membrane
D. Absent cone of light on the tympanic membrane
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain when pulling the pinna or pushing the tragus is a hallmark sign of Otitis
Externa (swimmer’s ear).
7. What is the first-line antibiotic treatment for Acute Otitis Media in an adult
with no allergies?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Ciprofloxacin drops
D. Cephalexin
Answer: A
Rationale: Amoxicillin remains the first-line choice for treating Acute Otitis Media unless
the patient has a penicillin allergy or recent use.
8. A patient complains of sudden ‘curtain-like’ vision loss and flashes of light.
This requires immediate referral for suspected:
A. Acute Glaucoma
B. Cataract formation
C. Retinal Detachment
D. Vitreous hemorrhage
Answer: C
Rationale: Retinal detachment often presents with floaters, flashes of light (photopsia),
and a shadow or ‘curtain’ moving across the field of vision.
University
1. A patient presents with a painful, red, and swollen lump on the eyelid margin.
Which condition is most likely?
A. Chalazion
B. Hordeolum
C. Blepharitis
D. Dacryocystitis
Answer: B
Rationale: A hordeolum (stye) is an acute, painful infection of the eyelid margin, whereas a
chalazion is typically a painless, chronic inflammatory lesion.
2. Which of the following findings during a Fundoscopic exam is most indicative
of increased intracranial pressure?
A. Cotton wool spots
B. Arteriovenous (AV) nicking
C. Drusen
D. Papilledema
Answer: D
Rationale: Papilledema refers to swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial
pressure, appearing as blurred disc margins on examination.
,3. A 65-year-old patient reports gradual loss of central vision while peripheral
vision remains intact. This is a classic presentation of:
A. Glaucoma
B. Cataracts
C. Retinal Detachment
D. Macular Degeneration
Answer: D
Rationale: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) specifically affects the macula,
causing a loss of central vision, while peripheral vision is usually preserved.
4. In a patient with Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma, which of the following is a
characteristic finding?
A. Gradual, painless loss of vision
B. Severe eye pain and a mid-dilated, fixed pupil
C. Purulent discharge from the eye
D. Floating spots and flashes of light
Answer: B
Rationale: Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma is a medical emergency presenting with sudden
severe pain, halos around lights, and a fixed, mid-dilated pupil.
5. A Weber test where the sound lateralizes to the ‘bad’ ear suggests:
A. Sensorineural hearing loss
B. Normal hearing
C. Conductive hearing loss
D. Presbycusis
Answer: C
Rationale: In the Weber test, sound lateralizes to the affected ear in conductive hearing
loss because the sound is not ‘distracted’ by ambient room noise.
, 6. Which physical exam finding is most consistent with Otitis Externa?
A. Bulging and erythematous tympanic membrane
B. Pain with manipulation of the pinna or tragus
C. Fluid behind the tympanic membrane
D. Absent cone of light on the tympanic membrane
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain when pulling the pinna or pushing the tragus is a hallmark sign of Otitis
Externa (swimmer’s ear).
7. What is the first-line antibiotic treatment for Acute Otitis Media in an adult
with no allergies?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Ciprofloxacin drops
D. Cephalexin
Answer: A
Rationale: Amoxicillin remains the first-line choice for treating Acute Otitis Media unless
the patient has a penicillin allergy or recent use.
8. A patient complains of sudden ‘curtain-like’ vision loss and flashes of light.
This requires immediate referral for suspected:
A. Acute Glaucoma
B. Cataract formation
C. Retinal Detachment
D. Vitreous hemorrhage
Answer: C
Rationale: Retinal detachment often presents with floaters, flashes of light (photopsia),
and a shadow or ‘curtain’ moving across the field of vision.
