HRI Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Why is verbal HRI so complicated? - CORRECT ANSWER - Verbal HRI is communication
and interaction between humans and robots using spoken language
- there are different Aspects of Verbal Interaction: voice, what is said, how it is said, when it is said (in
relationship to what others say and to other behaviors)
- Verbal Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) is complicated because it's not just about sharing
information.
It needs to take in account all the different aspects at once. This requires the robot to really understand
human language, the situation, and how people normally behave.
What is transparency, what should a robot be transparent about, and why is it so difficult? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Transparency in HRI refers to how clear and understandable a robot's
actions and decisions are to the user principles based on human size criteria (voice, what is said, how
is said, when is said)
What involves Transparency?
- How the robot behaves and why
- how reliable it is and what its limits are
- how much it is aware of the human
- A robot should be transparent about its capabilities, intentions, and the current state of its systems.
- It is challenging because there are often difficulties in predicting robot actions and sharing
information effectively.
- If a robot is too transparent, it may lead to people thinking it is stupid (as seen in the wheelchair
example)
- Another problem lies in the ability level human point of view: if a robot can do a difficult task,
people assume it can do easier one as well even if usually is not the case.
What needs to be taken into account about the timing of robot utterances? - CORRECT
ANSWER - When a robot talks, it's important for the timing to feel natural in the conversation.
- If there are delays, the participants get confused. It also might seem rude or annoying.
,- On the other hand, if the robot responds too quickly, the participants are overwhelmed, they don´t
know what to do and it might feel strange.
- Also, the robot needs to consider the situation to give the right information at the right time.
- In certain occasion it is better, when the robot acts and speaks at the same time. Acting and speaking
sequentially may lead to confusion.
What is an independent, and what is a dependent variable? - CORRECT ANSWER Independent
Variables:
The variable is manipulated or controlled by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent
variable.
Dependent Variables:
The variable is measured or observed in response to changes in the independent variable
In our study the media (paper to read or audio to listen) is independent while time is dependent.
What is a subjective measure and what is an objective measure? - CORRECT
ANSWER Subjective measures are based on personal opinions, impressions, or evaluations,
while objective measures rely on measurable facts and observations.
For what research questions are questionnaires well suited for? What are their limits? - CORRECT
ANSWER Questionnaires work well when you want to know what people think and feel about
interacting with robots. They're great for finding out opinions, attitudes, and preferences.
Limits:
- Only opinions and not what people really do
- Not very deep
People Saying
- Sometimes, people might say things that they think are good, not what they truly feel.
- Not great for complex situations
What is the difference between within-subject and between-subject design? When would you go for
the one, when for the other? - CORRECT ANSWER Within-Subject Design:
- Each person tries all the different things being tested.
, - For example, if we're checking how people like different robot behaviors, each person gets to see
and react to each behavior.
- Good when we want to see how each person reacts to everything.
- Works well when we don't have a lot of people to do the study.
Between-Subject Design:
- Different groups of people try different things.
- For the robot behavior example, one group might see one behavior, and another group sees a
different one.
- Useful when it's hard for people to try everything.
- Helps when we're worried that trying one thing might affect how they react to the next thing.
What is the advantage of Likert scales, and when would you go for open questions? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The Likert scale is a common method used to measure attitudes, opinions, and
perceptions of individuals regarding a particular topic or statement. It consists of a series of
statements, which people agree or disagree with. Each option gets a number, and we use those
numbers to see what most people think about the topic. It helps make opinions measurable and easy to
understand.
Advantages:
- easy way to make options measurable und easy to understand.
This helps to analyze and compare results.
Usage:
- If you want to understand what people think and compare their opinions.
Open questions:
- they let people share lots of details and personal thoughts in their own words.
- Usages: If you want to hear people's stories, understand why they think the way they do, or explore
new ideas.
When you don't want to limit people to specific choices and want to hear a wide range of answers
--> In many cases, a combination of Likert scales and open questions can provide a comprehensive
understanding, allowing for both quantitative and qualitative insights
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Why is verbal HRI so complicated? - CORRECT ANSWER - Verbal HRI is communication
and interaction between humans and robots using spoken language
- there are different Aspects of Verbal Interaction: voice, what is said, how it is said, when it is said (in
relationship to what others say and to other behaviors)
- Verbal Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) is complicated because it's not just about sharing
information.
It needs to take in account all the different aspects at once. This requires the robot to really understand
human language, the situation, and how people normally behave.
What is transparency, what should a robot be transparent about, and why is it so difficult? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Transparency in HRI refers to how clear and understandable a robot's
actions and decisions are to the user principles based on human size criteria (voice, what is said, how
is said, when is said)
What involves Transparency?
- How the robot behaves and why
- how reliable it is and what its limits are
- how much it is aware of the human
- A robot should be transparent about its capabilities, intentions, and the current state of its systems.
- It is challenging because there are often difficulties in predicting robot actions and sharing
information effectively.
- If a robot is too transparent, it may lead to people thinking it is stupid (as seen in the wheelchair
example)
- Another problem lies in the ability level human point of view: if a robot can do a difficult task,
people assume it can do easier one as well even if usually is not the case.
What needs to be taken into account about the timing of robot utterances? - CORRECT
ANSWER - When a robot talks, it's important for the timing to feel natural in the conversation.
- If there are delays, the participants get confused. It also might seem rude or annoying.
,- On the other hand, if the robot responds too quickly, the participants are overwhelmed, they don´t
know what to do and it might feel strange.
- Also, the robot needs to consider the situation to give the right information at the right time.
- In certain occasion it is better, when the robot acts and speaks at the same time. Acting and speaking
sequentially may lead to confusion.
What is an independent, and what is a dependent variable? - CORRECT ANSWER Independent
Variables:
The variable is manipulated or controlled by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent
variable.
Dependent Variables:
The variable is measured or observed in response to changes in the independent variable
In our study the media (paper to read or audio to listen) is independent while time is dependent.
What is a subjective measure and what is an objective measure? - CORRECT
ANSWER Subjective measures are based on personal opinions, impressions, or evaluations,
while objective measures rely on measurable facts and observations.
For what research questions are questionnaires well suited for? What are their limits? - CORRECT
ANSWER Questionnaires work well when you want to know what people think and feel about
interacting with robots. They're great for finding out opinions, attitudes, and preferences.
Limits:
- Only opinions and not what people really do
- Not very deep
People Saying
- Sometimes, people might say things that they think are good, not what they truly feel.
- Not great for complex situations
What is the difference between within-subject and between-subject design? When would you go for
the one, when for the other? - CORRECT ANSWER Within-Subject Design:
- Each person tries all the different things being tested.
, - For example, if we're checking how people like different robot behaviors, each person gets to see
and react to each behavior.
- Good when we want to see how each person reacts to everything.
- Works well when we don't have a lot of people to do the study.
Between-Subject Design:
- Different groups of people try different things.
- For the robot behavior example, one group might see one behavior, and another group sees a
different one.
- Useful when it's hard for people to try everything.
- Helps when we're worried that trying one thing might affect how they react to the next thing.
What is the advantage of Likert scales, and when would you go for open questions? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The Likert scale is a common method used to measure attitudes, opinions, and
perceptions of individuals regarding a particular topic or statement. It consists of a series of
statements, which people agree or disagree with. Each option gets a number, and we use those
numbers to see what most people think about the topic. It helps make opinions measurable and easy to
understand.
Advantages:
- easy way to make options measurable und easy to understand.
This helps to analyze and compare results.
Usage:
- If you want to understand what people think and compare their opinions.
Open questions:
- they let people share lots of details and personal thoughts in their own words.
- Usages: If you want to hear people's stories, understand why they think the way they do, or explore
new ideas.
When you don't want to limit people to specific choices and want to hear a wide range of answers
--> In many cases, a combination of Likert scales and open questions can provide a comprehensive
understanding, allowing for both quantitative and qualitative insights
