PHAR 370 Drugs | Complete study Questions and
verified Answers | A+ Graded | 2026 Updates | 100%
correct
Drugs for Parkinson's Disease - ANSWER- Levodopa/Carbidopa, MAO-B Inhibitors (Selegiline)
Drugs for Parkinson's Disease MOA - ANSWER- Increase dopamine levels or stimulate
receptors
Levodopa MOA - ANSWER- Crosses the BBB to convert dopamine in the brain
Carbidopa MOA - ANSWER- Prevents the conversion of levodopa to dopamine outside the
brain by blocking peripheral breakdown
What is unique about Levodopa? - ANSWER- "Wearing off" phenomenon (symptoms return
before next dose)
MAO-B Inhibitors (Selegiline) MOA - ANSWER- Increase dopamine levels by blocking the
enzyme monoamine oxidase-B
Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease - ANSWER- Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Memantine
Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease MOA - ANSWER- Modify cholinergic or glutamatergic
transmission
Cholinesterase Inhibitors MOA - ANSWER- Block acetylcholinesterase to increase
acetylcholine
AE of Levodopa/Carbidopa - ANSWER- Nausea, hallucinations
What is unique about MAO-B Inhibitors (Selegiline)? - ANSWER- Does not interact with
tyramine (cheese effect) like non-selective MAOIs (cheeses are high in tyramine, tyramine
causes sudden release of noradrenaline = dangerously high blood pressure)
AE of Cholinesterase Inhibitors - ANSWER- GI effects, abnormal dreams
Memantine MOA - ANSWER- Blocks excessive/chronic activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate
(NMDA) receptors caused by high glutamate levels (preserves normal synaptic
neurotransmission)
Drug Class: Non-Opioid Analgesics (NSAIDs) - ANSWER- ASA (Aspirin), Acetaminophen
, NSAIDs MOA - ANSWER- Inhibit COX-1 and/or COX-2 to reduce prostaglandin synthesis
Prostaglandins - ANSWER- Act locally to manage inflammation, blood flow, platelet
aggregation, and muscle contraction
ASA (Aspirin) MOA - ANSWER- Irreversible COX-1 inhibitor
AE of ASA - ANSWER- GI upset, Reye's syndrome in children
What is unique about ASA? - ANSWER- It is used at low doses for MI/stroke prevention
Acetaminophen MOA - ANSWER- Increases pain threshold by inhibiting COX in the CNS
What is COX involved in? - ANSWER- Prostaglandin synthesis
AE of Acetaminophen - ANSWER- Hepatotoxicity in overdose due to NAPQI metabolite
What is the antidote for an Acetaminophen overdose? - ANSWER- N-acetylcysteine
Drug Class: Opioid Analgesics - ANSWER- Morphine/Fentanyl
Opioid Analgesics MOA - ANSWER- Bind to G-protein coupled MOP (mu) receptors to block
pain pathways
Morphine/Fentanyl MOA - ANSWER- Full agonists on mu-opioid receptors in the CNS (inhibit
pathways of pain)
AE of Morphine/Fentanyl - ANSWER- Respiratory depression (cause of death), constipation,
miosis
What is the emergency antagonist of morphine/fentanyl? - ANSWER- Naloxone
Antihypertensive Drugs - ANSWER- Thiazide Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors (Enalapril), B1 Blockers
Antihypertensives MOA - ANSWER- Alter fluid balance, decrease sympathetic activity, or
modify the RAS
Thiazide Diuretics MOA - ANSWER- Increase salt/water excretion in the distal tubule
AE of Thiazide Diuretics - ANSWER- Hypokalemia
Thiazide Diuretics are preferred for whom? - ANSWER- Elderly people due to its "gentle"
diuresis
ACE Inhibitors (Enalapril) MOA - ANSWER- Block Angiotensin I to II conversion
verified Answers | A+ Graded | 2026 Updates | 100%
correct
Drugs for Parkinson's Disease - ANSWER- Levodopa/Carbidopa, MAO-B Inhibitors (Selegiline)
Drugs for Parkinson's Disease MOA - ANSWER- Increase dopamine levels or stimulate
receptors
Levodopa MOA - ANSWER- Crosses the BBB to convert dopamine in the brain
Carbidopa MOA - ANSWER- Prevents the conversion of levodopa to dopamine outside the
brain by blocking peripheral breakdown
What is unique about Levodopa? - ANSWER- "Wearing off" phenomenon (symptoms return
before next dose)
MAO-B Inhibitors (Selegiline) MOA - ANSWER- Increase dopamine levels by blocking the
enzyme monoamine oxidase-B
Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease - ANSWER- Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Memantine
Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease MOA - ANSWER- Modify cholinergic or glutamatergic
transmission
Cholinesterase Inhibitors MOA - ANSWER- Block acetylcholinesterase to increase
acetylcholine
AE of Levodopa/Carbidopa - ANSWER- Nausea, hallucinations
What is unique about MAO-B Inhibitors (Selegiline)? - ANSWER- Does not interact with
tyramine (cheese effect) like non-selective MAOIs (cheeses are high in tyramine, tyramine
causes sudden release of noradrenaline = dangerously high blood pressure)
AE of Cholinesterase Inhibitors - ANSWER- GI effects, abnormal dreams
Memantine MOA - ANSWER- Blocks excessive/chronic activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate
(NMDA) receptors caused by high glutamate levels (preserves normal synaptic
neurotransmission)
Drug Class: Non-Opioid Analgesics (NSAIDs) - ANSWER- ASA (Aspirin), Acetaminophen
, NSAIDs MOA - ANSWER- Inhibit COX-1 and/or COX-2 to reduce prostaglandin synthesis
Prostaglandins - ANSWER- Act locally to manage inflammation, blood flow, platelet
aggregation, and muscle contraction
ASA (Aspirin) MOA - ANSWER- Irreversible COX-1 inhibitor
AE of ASA - ANSWER- GI upset, Reye's syndrome in children
What is unique about ASA? - ANSWER- It is used at low doses for MI/stroke prevention
Acetaminophen MOA - ANSWER- Increases pain threshold by inhibiting COX in the CNS
What is COX involved in? - ANSWER- Prostaglandin synthesis
AE of Acetaminophen - ANSWER- Hepatotoxicity in overdose due to NAPQI metabolite
What is the antidote for an Acetaminophen overdose? - ANSWER- N-acetylcysteine
Drug Class: Opioid Analgesics - ANSWER- Morphine/Fentanyl
Opioid Analgesics MOA - ANSWER- Bind to G-protein coupled MOP (mu) receptors to block
pain pathways
Morphine/Fentanyl MOA - ANSWER- Full agonists on mu-opioid receptors in the CNS (inhibit
pathways of pain)
AE of Morphine/Fentanyl - ANSWER- Respiratory depression (cause of death), constipation,
miosis
What is the emergency antagonist of morphine/fentanyl? - ANSWER- Naloxone
Antihypertensive Drugs - ANSWER- Thiazide Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors (Enalapril), B1 Blockers
Antihypertensives MOA - ANSWER- Alter fluid balance, decrease sympathetic activity, or
modify the RAS
Thiazide Diuretics MOA - ANSWER- Increase salt/water excretion in the distal tubule
AE of Thiazide Diuretics - ANSWER- Hypokalemia
Thiazide Diuretics are preferred for whom? - ANSWER- Elderly people due to its "gentle"
diuresis
ACE Inhibitors (Enalapril) MOA - ANSWER- Block Angiotensin I to II conversion
