AANP FNP Exam Actual Questions with Revised
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Which medication classes are commonly used as first-line treatment for hypertension in
non–African American adults?
A. Beta blockers only
B. Thiazides, CCBs, ACE inhibitors, ARBs
C. Insulin and diuretics
D. Nitrates only
Answer: B
Rationale: First-line HTN therapy in non–African American adults includes thiazide diuretics,
calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs.
Which medication class is often preferred as first-line treatment for hypertension in African
American adults?
A. ACE inhibitors only
B. Beta blockers only
C. Thiazides and calcium channel blockers
D. ARBs and nitrates
Answer: C
Rationale: African American patients are most responsive to thiazide diuretics and calcium
channel blockers as first-line therapy.
Which drug class is recommended for hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease
(CKD)?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors or ARBs
C. Calcium channel blockers only
D. Diuretics only
,Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors and ARBs protect kidney function by reducing intraglomerular
pressure.
What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Dry cough and hyperkalemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Bradycardia only
Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can cause dry cough, rash, and increased potassium levels due to
aldosterone suppression.
Why are ACE inhibitors contraindicated in pregnancy?
A. They cause hypoglycemia
B. They cause fetal renal damage
C. They increase appetite
D. They lower heart rate excessively
Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can harm fetal kidney development and are contraindicated in
pregnancy.
What is the mechanism of action of ARBs?
A. Increase calcium influx
B. Block angiotensin II receptors causing vasodilation
C. Increase sodium retention
D. Stimulate aldosterone release
Answer: B
Rationale: ARBs block angiotensin II receptors, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood
pressure.
Which side effect is associated with ARBs?
A. Severe hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia and angioedema
C. Hair loss
D. Tachycardia only
,Answer: B
Rationale: ARBs may cause elevated potassium and rare angioedema.
What is the main mechanism of calcium channel blockers?
A. Increase heart rate
B. Block calcium entry into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle
C. Increase sodium reabsorption
D. Stimulate beta receptors
Answer: B
Rationale: CCBs reduce contraction of heart and blood vessels by blocking calcium influx.
Which side effect is common with calcium channel blockers?
A. Constipation and peripheral edema
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Kidney failure
D. Severe bradycardia only
Answer: A
Rationale: CCBs commonly cause constipation, flushing, headache, and edema.
Why should beta blockers be avoided in asthma patients?
A. They increase oxygen levels
B. They cause bronchoconstriction
C. They improve lung function
D. They lower potassium
Answer: B
Rationale: Beta blockers can trigger bronchospasm and worsen asthma or COPD.
What type of play is typical for toddlers?
A. Competitive play
B. Cooperative play only
C. Parallel play
D. Structured academic play
Answer: C
Rationale: Toddlers engage in parallel play, where they play beside but not with others.
, What type of play is typical for preschoolers?
A. Solitary only
B. Associative and cooperative play
C. No social interaction
D. Competitive sports only
Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers engage in associative, cooperative, and dramatic play.
At what age should utensils or spoon use typically be introduced?
A. 6 months
B. 12 months
C. 15–17 months
D. 4 years
Answer: C
Rationale: Spoon use is typically introduced around 15–17 months.
What condition is associated with blue sclera?
A. Scurvy
B. Osteogenesis imperfecta
C. Rickets
D. Down syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: Blue sclera is a classic sign of osteogenesis imperfecta due to thin connective
tissue.
What is the primary influencer in a teenager’s health decisions?
A. Peers
B. Teachers
C. Parents
D. Doctors
Answer: C
Rationale: Parents remain the primary influence during adolescence, despite increasing peer
influence.
Detailed Answers (), (A+ Guarantee)
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Guaranteed Pass
Which medication classes are commonly used as first-line treatment for hypertension in
non–African American adults?
A. Beta blockers only
B. Thiazides, CCBs, ACE inhibitors, ARBs
C. Insulin and diuretics
D. Nitrates only
Answer: B
Rationale: First-line HTN therapy in non–African American adults includes thiazide diuretics,
calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs.
Which medication class is often preferred as first-line treatment for hypertension in African
American adults?
A. ACE inhibitors only
B. Beta blockers only
C. Thiazides and calcium channel blockers
D. ARBs and nitrates
Answer: C
Rationale: African American patients are most responsive to thiazide diuretics and calcium
channel blockers as first-line therapy.
Which drug class is recommended for hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease
(CKD)?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors or ARBs
C. Calcium channel blockers only
D. Diuretics only
,Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors and ARBs protect kidney function by reducing intraglomerular
pressure.
What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Dry cough and hyperkalemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Bradycardia only
Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can cause dry cough, rash, and increased potassium levels due to
aldosterone suppression.
Why are ACE inhibitors contraindicated in pregnancy?
A. They cause hypoglycemia
B. They cause fetal renal damage
C. They increase appetite
D. They lower heart rate excessively
Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can harm fetal kidney development and are contraindicated in
pregnancy.
What is the mechanism of action of ARBs?
A. Increase calcium influx
B. Block angiotensin II receptors causing vasodilation
C. Increase sodium retention
D. Stimulate aldosterone release
Answer: B
Rationale: ARBs block angiotensin II receptors, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood
pressure.
Which side effect is associated with ARBs?
A. Severe hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia and angioedema
C. Hair loss
D. Tachycardia only
,Answer: B
Rationale: ARBs may cause elevated potassium and rare angioedema.
What is the main mechanism of calcium channel blockers?
A. Increase heart rate
B. Block calcium entry into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle
C. Increase sodium reabsorption
D. Stimulate beta receptors
Answer: B
Rationale: CCBs reduce contraction of heart and blood vessels by blocking calcium influx.
Which side effect is common with calcium channel blockers?
A. Constipation and peripheral edema
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Kidney failure
D. Severe bradycardia only
Answer: A
Rationale: CCBs commonly cause constipation, flushing, headache, and edema.
Why should beta blockers be avoided in asthma patients?
A. They increase oxygen levels
B. They cause bronchoconstriction
C. They improve lung function
D. They lower potassium
Answer: B
Rationale: Beta blockers can trigger bronchospasm and worsen asthma or COPD.
What type of play is typical for toddlers?
A. Competitive play
B. Cooperative play only
C. Parallel play
D. Structured academic play
Answer: C
Rationale: Toddlers engage in parallel play, where they play beside but not with others.
, What type of play is typical for preschoolers?
A. Solitary only
B. Associative and cooperative play
C. No social interaction
D. Competitive sports only
Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers engage in associative, cooperative, and dramatic play.
At what age should utensils or spoon use typically be introduced?
A. 6 months
B. 12 months
C. 15–17 months
D. 4 years
Answer: C
Rationale: Spoon use is typically introduced around 15–17 months.
What condition is associated with blue sclera?
A. Scurvy
B. Osteogenesis imperfecta
C. Rickets
D. Down syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: Blue sclera is a classic sign of osteogenesis imperfecta due to thin connective
tissue.
What is the primary influencer in a teenager’s health decisions?
A. Peers
B. Teachers
C. Parents
D. Doctors
Answer: C
Rationale: Parents remain the primary influence during adolescence, despite increasing peer
influence.
