ATI PN Pharmacology - Proctor Exam Prep 2026/2027 Questions and
Answers |Chamberlain
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium carbonate for bipolar
disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a sign of
lithium toxicity?
A. Increased appetite
B. Polyuria
C. Blurred vision
D. Urinary retention
Answer: C
Rationale: Manifestations of lithium toxicity include blurred vision, ataxia, clonic
movements, seizures, and severe hypotension.
2. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ferrous sulfate.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Take the medication with orange juice.
B. Take the medication with an antacid if GI upset occurs.
C. Expect stools to become clay-colored.
D. Increase calcium intake to help absorption.
Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin C, found in orange juice, increases the absorption of iron. Antacids and
calcium inhibit absorption.
,3. A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which
of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Massage the site after injection.
B. Use a 22-gauge needle.
C. Aspirate for blood return before injecting.
D. Inject the medication into the abdomen.
Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen.
Massaging the site or aspirating can cause bruising or hematomas.
4. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. Which of
the following findings is a manifestation of a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Urticaria
D. Low back pain
Answer: D
Rationale: Low back pain is a classic sign of a hemolytic reaction, along with fever, chills,
and red-colored urine.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving furosemide. The nurse should
monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of potassium, leading
to hypokalemia.
, 6. A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for spironolactone.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of
the teaching?
A. I will monitor my weight every day.
B. I will increase my intake of bananas and potatoes.
C. I will avoid eating large amounts of kale.
D. I will use a salt substitute to season my food.
Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Clients should avoid salt
substitutes (which often contain potassium) and high-potassium foods. Monitoring daily
weight is essential for heart failure/edema management.
7. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for
digoxin. Which of the following should the nurse include as a sign of digoxin
toxicity?
A. Constipation
B. Insomnia
C. Increased appetite
D. Yellow-tinged vision
Answer: D
Rationale: Visual disturbances, such as yellow or green halos or blurred vision, are
common signs of digoxin toxicity.
Answers |Chamberlain
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium carbonate for bipolar
disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a sign of
lithium toxicity?
A. Increased appetite
B. Polyuria
C. Blurred vision
D. Urinary retention
Answer: C
Rationale: Manifestations of lithium toxicity include blurred vision, ataxia, clonic
movements, seizures, and severe hypotension.
2. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ferrous sulfate.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Take the medication with orange juice.
B. Take the medication with an antacid if GI upset occurs.
C. Expect stools to become clay-colored.
D. Increase calcium intake to help absorption.
Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin C, found in orange juice, increases the absorption of iron. Antacids and
calcium inhibit absorption.
,3. A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which
of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Massage the site after injection.
B. Use a 22-gauge needle.
C. Aspirate for blood return before injecting.
D. Inject the medication into the abdomen.
Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen.
Massaging the site or aspirating can cause bruising or hematomas.
4. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. Which of
the following findings is a manifestation of a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Urticaria
D. Low back pain
Answer: D
Rationale: Low back pain is a classic sign of a hemolytic reaction, along with fever, chills,
and red-colored urine.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving furosemide. The nurse should
monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Hypernatremia
Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of potassium, leading
to hypokalemia.
, 6. A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for spironolactone.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of
the teaching?
A. I will monitor my weight every day.
B. I will increase my intake of bananas and potatoes.
C. I will avoid eating large amounts of kale.
D. I will use a salt substitute to season my food.
Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Clients should avoid salt
substitutes (which often contain potassium) and high-potassium foods. Monitoring daily
weight is essential for heart failure/edema management.
7. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for
digoxin. Which of the following should the nurse include as a sign of digoxin
toxicity?
A. Constipation
B. Insomnia
C. Increased appetite
D. Yellow-tinged vision
Answer: D
Rationale: Visual disturbances, such as yellow or green halos or blurred vision, are
common signs of digoxin toxicity.
