NUR210 Principles of Pharmacology Exam 4 2026 – Galen College
1. A patient is prescribed Albuterol for exercise-induced bronchospasms. Which
instruction should the nurse provide regarding its use?
A. Expect a decrease in heart rate after administration.
B. Take the medication only when feeling extremely short of breath.
C. Rinse the mouth with water immediately before use.
D. Use the medication 15 to 30 minutes before exercise.
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) used for the prevention of
exercise-induced bronchospasms and should be taken prior to activity.
2. When teaching a patient about the use of Beclomethasone (QVAR), which
statement is most important?
A. Use this as a rescue inhaler for acute attacks.
B. Rinse your mouth after each use to prevent oral candidiasis.
C. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
D. Expect immediate relief of symptoms.
Answer: B
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids like Beclomethasone can cause oral fungal infections
(thrush); rinsing the mouth after use is the primary prevention strategy.
,3. A patient is taking Theophylline for chronic bronchitis. Which dietary
restriction is necessary?
A. Avoid leafy green vegetables.
B. Increase intake of high-protein foods.
C. Avoid caffeine-containing beverages.
D. Limit sodium to 2 grams per day.
Answer: C
Rationale: Theophylline is a methylxanthine. Caffeine is also a methylxanthine and can
increase the risk of toxicity and cardiac stimulation.
4. Which medication is considered a first-line treatment for an acute asthma
attack?
A. Salmeterol
B. Montelukast
C. Cromolyn
D. Albuterol
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a rescue medication providing rapid bronchodilation. Salmeterol
and Montelukast are for long-term maintenance.
5. A patient is prescribed Montelukast (Singulair). When should the nurse advise
the patient to take this medication?
A. In the morning before breakfast.
B. Once daily in the evening.
C. Twice daily, morning and night.
D. Only when symptoms of an allergy occur.
Answer: B
Rationale: Montelukast is typically taken once daily in the evening to maintain high drug
levels during the night and early morning when asthma symptoms often worsen.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving Diphenhydramine. Which side effect is
the most common?
A. Hypertension
B. Sedation
C. Increased salivation
D. Diarrhea
Answer: B
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine that crosses the blood-
brain barrier, frequently causing drowsiness or sedation.
7. What is the primary mechanism of action for Omeprazole?
A. Neutralizing gastric acid.
B. Blocking H2 receptors in the stomach.
C. Creating a protective barrier over ulcers.
D. Irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase pump.
Answer: D
Rationale: Omeprazole is a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses gastric acid
secretion by inhibiting the enzyme system at the secretory surface of gastric parietal cells.
8. A patient is prescribed Sucralfate for a duodenal ulcer. When should the
nurse administer this medication?
A. With meals and at bedtime.
B. 30 minutes after meals.
C. Only when the patient experiences epigastric pain.
D. 1 hour before meals and at bedtime.
Answer: D
Rationale: Sucralfate requires an acidic environment to form a protective paste over the
ulcer; it must be taken on an empty stomach before meals.
1. A patient is prescribed Albuterol for exercise-induced bronchospasms. Which
instruction should the nurse provide regarding its use?
A. Expect a decrease in heart rate after administration.
B. Take the medication only when feeling extremely short of breath.
C. Rinse the mouth with water immediately before use.
D. Use the medication 15 to 30 minutes before exercise.
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) used for the prevention of
exercise-induced bronchospasms and should be taken prior to activity.
2. When teaching a patient about the use of Beclomethasone (QVAR), which
statement is most important?
A. Use this as a rescue inhaler for acute attacks.
B. Rinse your mouth after each use to prevent oral candidiasis.
C. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
D. Expect immediate relief of symptoms.
Answer: B
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids like Beclomethasone can cause oral fungal infections
(thrush); rinsing the mouth after use is the primary prevention strategy.
,3. A patient is taking Theophylline for chronic bronchitis. Which dietary
restriction is necessary?
A. Avoid leafy green vegetables.
B. Increase intake of high-protein foods.
C. Avoid caffeine-containing beverages.
D. Limit sodium to 2 grams per day.
Answer: C
Rationale: Theophylline is a methylxanthine. Caffeine is also a methylxanthine and can
increase the risk of toxicity and cardiac stimulation.
4. Which medication is considered a first-line treatment for an acute asthma
attack?
A. Salmeterol
B. Montelukast
C. Cromolyn
D. Albuterol
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a rescue medication providing rapid bronchodilation. Salmeterol
and Montelukast are for long-term maintenance.
5. A patient is prescribed Montelukast (Singulair). When should the nurse advise
the patient to take this medication?
A. In the morning before breakfast.
B. Once daily in the evening.
C. Twice daily, morning and night.
D. Only when symptoms of an allergy occur.
Answer: B
Rationale: Montelukast is typically taken once daily in the evening to maintain high drug
levels during the night and early morning when asthma symptoms often worsen.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving Diphenhydramine. Which side effect is
the most common?
A. Hypertension
B. Sedation
C. Increased salivation
D. Diarrhea
Answer: B
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine that crosses the blood-
brain barrier, frequently causing drowsiness or sedation.
7. What is the primary mechanism of action for Omeprazole?
A. Neutralizing gastric acid.
B. Blocking H2 receptors in the stomach.
C. Creating a protective barrier over ulcers.
D. Irreversibly inhibiting the H+/K+ ATPase pump.
Answer: D
Rationale: Omeprazole is a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses gastric acid
secretion by inhibiting the enzyme system at the secretory surface of gastric parietal cells.
8. A patient is prescribed Sucralfate for a duodenal ulcer. When should the
nurse administer this medication?
A. With meals and at bedtime.
B. 30 minutes after meals.
C. Only when the patient experiences epigastric pain.
D. 1 hour before meals and at bedtime.
Answer: D
Rationale: Sucralfate requires an acidic environment to form a protective paste over the
ulcer; it must be taken on an empty stomach before meals.
