GMS 5057 - Medical Cell Biology - Test 1 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR-BRAND NEW!!
DNA polymerase can only go in what direction? -
ANSWER-5'-3'
Phosphodiester linkage - ANSWER-covalent bonds that
join adjacent nucleotides between the -OH group of the 3'
carbon of one nucleotide and the phosphate on the 5'
carbon of the next.
Phosphodiester linkages are made during what type of
reaction - ANSWER-condensation.
,Byproduct of phosphodiester bond formation - ANSWER-
Pyrophosphate
semi-conservative replication - ANSWER-in each new
DNA double helix, one strand is from the original molecule,
and one strand is new.
Leading strand of DNA - ANSWER-synthesized
continuously 5' to 3'
Lagging strand of DNA - ANSWER-synthesized
discontinuously, requires multiple RNA primers
,Okazaki fragments - ANSWER-Small fragments of DNA
produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication,
joined later by DNA ligase to form a complete strand.
Two components of DNA polymerase - ANSWER-(P)
polymerase, and (E) exonuclease
How does exonuclease work? - ANSWER-Reads in the 3'-
5' direction of a growing strand of nucleotides to remove
unpaired or mispaired nucleotides. (Backs up and
removes mismatched nucleotides as DNA polymerase
adds them)
, What protein synthesizes a short RNA primer on a
template strand to create the 3' hydroxyl group that DNA
polymerase needs to start replication? - ANSWER-DNA
primase
T or F: primers are used only on the lagging strand -
ANSWER-F: Primers are used on both strands. There is
only one used on the leading strand and many used on
the lagging strand.
What protein will form missing bonds to create an
uninterrupted phosphodiester backbone in Okazaki
fragments? - ANSWER-DNA ligase
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR-BRAND NEW!!
DNA polymerase can only go in what direction? -
ANSWER-5'-3'
Phosphodiester linkage - ANSWER-covalent bonds that
join adjacent nucleotides between the -OH group of the 3'
carbon of one nucleotide and the phosphate on the 5'
carbon of the next.
Phosphodiester linkages are made during what type of
reaction - ANSWER-condensation.
,Byproduct of phosphodiester bond formation - ANSWER-
Pyrophosphate
semi-conservative replication - ANSWER-in each new
DNA double helix, one strand is from the original molecule,
and one strand is new.
Leading strand of DNA - ANSWER-synthesized
continuously 5' to 3'
Lagging strand of DNA - ANSWER-synthesized
discontinuously, requires multiple RNA primers
,Okazaki fragments - ANSWER-Small fragments of DNA
produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication,
joined later by DNA ligase to form a complete strand.
Two components of DNA polymerase - ANSWER-(P)
polymerase, and (E) exonuclease
How does exonuclease work? - ANSWER-Reads in the 3'-
5' direction of a growing strand of nucleotides to remove
unpaired or mispaired nucleotides. (Backs up and
removes mismatched nucleotides as DNA polymerase
adds them)
, What protein synthesizes a short RNA primer on a
template strand to create the 3' hydroxyl group that DNA
polymerase needs to start replication? - ANSWER-DNA
primase
T or F: primers are used only on the lagging strand -
ANSWER-F: Primers are used on both strands. There is
only one used on the leading strand and many used on
the lagging strand.
What protein will form missing bonds to create an
uninterrupted phosphodiester backbone in Okazaki
fragments? - ANSWER-DNA ligase
