2
NASM Physique and Bodybuilding Coach Exam with|| || || || || || ||
accurate detailed solutions || ||
Acetyl-CoA - ✔✔A molecule that is formed from pyruvate, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
amino acid metabolism and serves as the main substrate for the Krebs cycle.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Acute hypokalemic paralysis - ✔✔Muscular weakness, especially of the lower extremities,
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
associated with low serum potassium. Severe hypokalemic conditions may lead to total
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
paralysis.
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) - ✔✔A molecule that is formed after ATP loses one of its
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
phosphate groups. ||
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) - ✔✔A molecule that is formed after ATP loses two of its
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
phosphate groups.
|| ||
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - ✔✔A molecule found in the human body that serves as the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
primary energy carrier.
|| || ||
Adipocytes - ✔✔A type of cell that is specialized for storing fat. Often colloquially called fat
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cells.
Adverse effect - ✔✔Any significant alteration in the structure or function of the human
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
organism or any impairment of a physiologically important function that could lead to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
health effect that is adverse.
|| || || ||
,2
Affirmation - ✔✔A positive statement about a client's character that acknowledges their
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
efforts.
Air displacement plethysmography - ✔✔A method for measuring body composition that is
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
based on the principles of air density and the pressure of gas displaced by the human body
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
in a sealed chamber.
|| || ||
Ambivalence - ✔✔The state of having mixed feelings about change—a client with
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
ambivalence wants to change and at the same time does not want to change.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Amino acid pool - ✔✔Concentration of amino acids in the bloodstream available to the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
body.
Amino acids - ✔✔The building blocks for protein.
|| || || || || || ||
Anabolic Steroid Control Act 2004 - ✔✔An amendment of the Controlled Substance Act to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
redefine anabolic steroids including any hormonal substance, chemically, and/or
|| || || || || || || || ||
pharmacologically related to testosterone. || || ||
Androgen receptors (AR) - ✔✔A protein that binds male hormones (i.e., testosterone) and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
play important roles in the development and maintenance of the reproductive,
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. || || || || ||
Androgen response elements (ARE) - ✔✔Features and/or patterns present in gene
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
enhancers that are targeted by the androgen receptor.
|| || || || || || ||
Androgenic steroid (AAS) - ✔✔A Synthetic or human variation of the male sex hormone,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
testosterone.
,2
Androgens - ✔✔Any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that is used to maintain and/or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
develop male characteristics.
|| ||
Anions - ✔✔Minerals that gain electrons and have a negative charge.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Anorexia nervosa - ✔✔Extreme, chronic energy restriction causing excessive losses of body
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
mass, typically accompanied by a view that one's body is overly fat, despite being
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
dangerously thin. ||
Antagonist - ✔✔A chemical substance which can have affinity for a receptor but without
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
causing an effect. Generally, an antagonist will block a receptor, preventing an agonist
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
docking to cause a biological effect.
|| || || || ||
Antinutrients - ✔✔Compounds produced by plants which hinder the absorption of || || || || || || || || || || ||
nutrients.
Antioxidant - ✔✔A molecule stable enough to donate an electron to a free radical and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
neutralize it, reducing its capacity to do damage.
|| || || || || || ||
Assessment - ✔✔The systematic bases of evaluating or estimating the ability, quality, or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
nature of something.
|| ||
Autonomic nervous system - ✔✔A division of the peripheral nervous system that supplies
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
neural input to organs that run the involuntary processes of the body (e.g., circulating
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
blood, digesting food, producing hormones).
|| || || ||
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) - ✔✔The nervous system that signals to and from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, organs, and glands.
|| || || || || ||
, 2
Autonomous motivation - ✔✔Engaging in behaviors because they align to intrinsic goals || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and/or provides personal pleasure. || || ||
Autonomy - ✔✔The feeling of freedom from external influences or control—the individual
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
is perceived to be the source of their own behavior.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Basal metabolic rate - ✔✔The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest to maintain
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
normal physiological function. || ||
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - ✔✔The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
maintain normal physiological function. || || ||
Beige fat cells - ✔✔A type of fat cell that is in transition between a white fat cell and a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
brown fat cell. || ||
Beta (β) alanine - ✔✔A non-essential amino acid produced by the body that facilitates
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
production of carnosine. || ||
Beta-oxidation - ✔✔A chemical process that creates 2-carbon molecules from much larger || || || || || || || || || || || ||
fatty acids.
||
Binge eating disorder - ✔✔Recurring episodes of uncontrolled eating where an unusually
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
large amount of food is consumed in a discrete period of time, often resulting in feelings of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
guilt or shame.
|| ||
Bioavailability - ✔✔The percentage of an ingested nutrient that becomes available for use || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and storage in the human body.
|| || || || ||
NASM Physique and Bodybuilding Coach Exam with|| || || || || || ||
accurate detailed solutions || ||
Acetyl-CoA - ✔✔A molecule that is formed from pyruvate, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
amino acid metabolism and serves as the main substrate for the Krebs cycle.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Acute hypokalemic paralysis - ✔✔Muscular weakness, especially of the lower extremities,
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
associated with low serum potassium. Severe hypokalemic conditions may lead to total
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
paralysis.
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) - ✔✔A molecule that is formed after ATP loses one of its
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
phosphate groups. ||
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) - ✔✔A molecule that is formed after ATP loses two of its
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
phosphate groups.
|| ||
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - ✔✔A molecule found in the human body that serves as the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
primary energy carrier.
|| || ||
Adipocytes - ✔✔A type of cell that is specialized for storing fat. Often colloquially called fat
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cells.
Adverse effect - ✔✔Any significant alteration in the structure or function of the human
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
organism or any impairment of a physiologically important function that could lead to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
health effect that is adverse.
|| || || ||
,2
Affirmation - ✔✔A positive statement about a client's character that acknowledges their
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
efforts.
Air displacement plethysmography - ✔✔A method for measuring body composition that is
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
based on the principles of air density and the pressure of gas displaced by the human body
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
in a sealed chamber.
|| || ||
Ambivalence - ✔✔The state of having mixed feelings about change—a client with
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
ambivalence wants to change and at the same time does not want to change.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Amino acid pool - ✔✔Concentration of amino acids in the bloodstream available to the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
body.
Amino acids - ✔✔The building blocks for protein.
|| || || || || || ||
Anabolic Steroid Control Act 2004 - ✔✔An amendment of the Controlled Substance Act to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
redefine anabolic steroids including any hormonal substance, chemically, and/or
|| || || || || || || || ||
pharmacologically related to testosterone. || || ||
Androgen receptors (AR) - ✔✔A protein that binds male hormones (i.e., testosterone) and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
play important roles in the development and maintenance of the reproductive,
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. || || || || ||
Androgen response elements (ARE) - ✔✔Features and/or patterns present in gene
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
enhancers that are targeted by the androgen receptor.
|| || || || || || ||
Androgenic steroid (AAS) - ✔✔A Synthetic or human variation of the male sex hormone,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
testosterone.
,2
Androgens - ✔✔Any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that is used to maintain and/or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
develop male characteristics.
|| ||
Anions - ✔✔Minerals that gain electrons and have a negative charge.
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Anorexia nervosa - ✔✔Extreme, chronic energy restriction causing excessive losses of body
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
mass, typically accompanied by a view that one's body is overly fat, despite being
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
dangerously thin. ||
Antagonist - ✔✔A chemical substance which can have affinity for a receptor but without
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
causing an effect. Generally, an antagonist will block a receptor, preventing an agonist
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
docking to cause a biological effect.
|| || || || ||
Antinutrients - ✔✔Compounds produced by plants which hinder the absorption of || || || || || || || || || || ||
nutrients.
Antioxidant - ✔✔A molecule stable enough to donate an electron to a free radical and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
neutralize it, reducing its capacity to do damage.
|| || || || || || ||
Assessment - ✔✔The systematic bases of evaluating or estimating the ability, quality, or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
nature of something.
|| ||
Autonomic nervous system - ✔✔A division of the peripheral nervous system that supplies
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
neural input to organs that run the involuntary processes of the body (e.g., circulating
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
blood, digesting food, producing hormones).
|| || || ||
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) - ✔✔The nervous system that signals to and from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, organs, and glands.
|| || || || || ||
, 2
Autonomous motivation - ✔✔Engaging in behaviors because they align to intrinsic goals || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and/or provides personal pleasure. || || ||
Autonomy - ✔✔The feeling of freedom from external influences or control—the individual
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
is perceived to be the source of their own behavior.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Basal metabolic rate - ✔✔The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest to maintain
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
normal physiological function. || ||
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - ✔✔The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest to
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
maintain normal physiological function. || || ||
Beige fat cells - ✔✔A type of fat cell that is in transition between a white fat cell and a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
brown fat cell. || ||
Beta (β) alanine - ✔✔A non-essential amino acid produced by the body that facilitates
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
production of carnosine. || ||
Beta-oxidation - ✔✔A chemical process that creates 2-carbon molecules from much larger || || || || || || || || || || || ||
fatty acids.
||
Binge eating disorder - ✔✔Recurring episodes of uncontrolled eating where an unusually
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
large amount of food is consumed in a discrete period of time, often resulting in feelings of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
guilt or shame.
|| ||
Bioavailability - ✔✔The percentage of an ingested nutrient that becomes available for use || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
and storage in the human body.
|| || || || ||
