Test Bank Essentials of Nursing Leaders
+j +j +j +j +j
hip & Management 7th Edition Sally A.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Weiss Complete All Chapters 2024
+j +j +j +j
,Chapter 1: Nursing Leadership and Management
+j +j +j +j +j +j
MULTIPLE CHOICE +j
1. According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlli
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ng are considered which aspect of management?
+j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Roles
b. Process
c. Functions
d. Taxonomy
ANS:+jB,+jThe+jmanagement+jprocess+jincludes+jplanning,+jorganizing,+jcoordinating,+jand+jcontrolling.+jManagement+jroles+jinclude+j
information+jprocessing,+jinterpersonal+jrelationships,+jand+jdecision+jmaking.+jManagement+jfunctions+jinclude+jplanning,+jorganizin
g,+jstaffing,+jdirecting,+jcoordinating,+jreporting,+jand+jbudgeting.+jA+jtaxonomy+jis+ja+jsystem+jthat+jorders+jprinciples+jinto+ja+jgrouping
+jor+jclassification.
2. Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Disseminator
b. Figurehead
c. Leader
d. Entrepreneur
ANS:+jD,+jThe+jdecisional+jmanagerial+jroles+jinclude+jentrepreneur,+jdisturbance+jhandler,+jallocator+jof+jresources,+jand+jnegotiator.+j
The+jinformation+jprocessing+jmanagerial+jroles+jinclude+jmonitor,+jdisseminator,+jand+jspokesperson.+jThe+jinterpersonal+jmanageria
l+jroles+jinclude+jfigurehead,+jleader,+jand+jliaison.
3. A nurse manager meets regularly with other nurse managers, participates on the organiza
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
tions committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in order to ma
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
nage relationships. These activities are considered which function of a manager?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Informing
b. Problem solving +j
c. Monitoring
d. Networking
ANS:+jD,+jThe+jrole+jfunctions+jto+jmanage+jrelationships+jare+jnetworking,+jsupporting,+jdeveloping+jand+jmentoring,+jmanaging+jconf
lict+jand+jteam+jbuilding,+jmotivating+jand+jinspiring,+jrecognizing,+jand+jrewarding.+jThe+jrole+jfunctions+jto+jmanage+jthe+jwork+jare+jpl
anning+jand+jorganizing,+jproblem+jsolving,+jclarifying+jroles+jand+jobjectives,+jinforming,+jmonitoring,+jconsulting,+jand+jdelegating.
4. A nurse was recently promoted to a middle-
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
level manager position. The nurses title would most likely be which of the following?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. First-line manager +j
b. Director
c. Vice president of patient care services
+j +j +j +j +j
d. Chief nurse executive
+j +j
ANS:+jB,+jA+jmiddle-level+jmanager+jis+jcalled+ja+jdirector.+jA+jlow+jmanagerial-+jlevel+jjob+jis+jcalled+jthe+jfirst-
line+jmanager.+jA+jnurse+jin+jan+jexecutive+jlevel+jrole+jis+jcalled+ja+jchief+jnurse+jexecutive+jor+jvice+jpresident+jof+jpatient+jcare+jservices.
5. A nurse manager who uses Frederick Taylors scientific management approach, would most like
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ly focus on which of the following?
+j +j +j +j +j +j
, a. General principles +j
b. Positional authority +j
c. Labor productivity
+j
d. Impersonal relations +j
ANS:+jC,+jThe+jarea+jof+jfocus+jfor+jscientific+jmanagement+jis+jlabor+jproductivity.+jIn+jbureaucratic+jtheory,+jefficiency+jis+jachieved+jthr
ough+jimpersonal+jrelations+jwithin+ja+jformal+jstructure+jand+jis+jbased+jon+jpositional+jauthority.+jAdministrative+jprinciple+jtheory+jcon
sists+jof+jprinciples+jof+jmanagement+jthat+jare+jrelevant+jto+jany+jorganization.
6. According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
+j +j +j +j +j +j
a. is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders they are given.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
d. is a naturally forming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ANS:+jB,+jAccording+jto+jVrooms+jTheory+jof+jMotivation,+jForce+jdescribes+jthe+jamount+jof+jeffort+jone+jwill+jexert+jto+jreach+jones+jg
oal.+jValence+jspeaks+jto+jthe+jlevel+jof+jattractiveness+jor+junattractiveness+jof+jthe+jgoal.+jExpectancy+jis+jthe+jperceived+jpossibility+jtha
t+jthe+jgoal+jwill+jbe+jachieved.+jVrooms+jTheory+jof+jMotivation+jcan+jbe+jdemonstrated+jin+jthe+jform+jof+jan+jequation:+jForce+j=+jValen
ce+jExpectancy+j(Vroom,+j1964).+jThe+jtheory+jproposes+jthat+jthis+jequation+jcan+jhelp+jto+jpredict+jthe+jmotivation,+jor+jforce,+jof+jan+jin
dividual+jas+jdescribed+jby+jVroom.
7. According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
+j +j +j +j +j
a. is unconsciously demonstrated by people.
+j +j +j +j
b. occurs externally to influence behavior.
+j +j +j +j
c. is determined by others choices.
+j +j +j +j
d. occurs internally to influence behavior.
+j +j +j +j
ANS:+jD,+jMotivation+jis+ja+jprocess+jthat+joccurs+jinternally+jto+jinfluence+jand+jdirect+jour+jbehavior+jin+jorder+jto+jsatisfy+jneeds.+jMoti
vation+jis+jnot+jexplicitly+jdemonstrated+jby+jpeople,+jbut+jrather+jit+jis+jinterpreted+jfrom+jtheir+jbehavior.+jMotivation+jis+jwhatever+jinfl
uences+jour+jchoices+jand+jcreates+jdirection,+jintensity,+jand+jpersistence+jin+jour+jbehavior.
8. According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivati
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
on theories. Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Equity theory +j
b. Hierarchy of needs theory +j +j +j
c. Existence-relatedness-growth theory +j
d. Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors
+j +j +j +j
ANS:+jA,+jThe+jprocess+jmotivation+jtheories+jare+jequity+jtheory+jand+jexpectancy+jtheory.+jThe+jcontent+jmotivation+jtheories+jinclude
+jMaslows+jhierarchy+jof+jneeds+jtheory,+jAldefers+jexistence-+jrelatedness-
growth+j(ERG)+jtheory,+jand+jHerzbergs+jhygiene+jmaintenance+jfactors+jand+jmotivation+jfactors.
9. The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Maslows hierarchy of needs. +j +j +j
b. Herzbergs two-factor theory. +j +j
c. McGregors theory X and theory Y. +j +j +j +j +j
d. Ouchis theory Z. +j +j
, ANS:+jB,+jThe+jtwo-
factor+jtheory+jof+jmotivation+jincludes+jmotivation+jand+jmaintenance+jfactors.+jMaslows+jhierarchy+jof+jneeds+jincludes+jthe+jfollowing+
jneeds:+jphysiological,+jsafety,+jsecurity,+jbelonging,+jand+jself-
actualization.+jIn+jtheory+jX,+jemployees+jprefer+jsecurity,+jdirection,+jand+jminimal+jresponsibility.+jIn+jtheory+jY,+jemployees+jenjoy+jth
eir+jwork,+jshow+jself-
control+jand+jdiscipline,+jare+jable+jto+jcontribute+jcreatively,+jand+jare+jmotivated+jby+jties+jto+jthe+jgroup,+jorganization,+jand+jthe+jwork+jit
self.+jThe+jfocus+jof+jtheory+jZ+jis+jcollective+jdecision+jmaking+jand+jlong-
term+jemployment+jthat+jinvolves+jslower+jpromotions+jand+jless+jdirect+jsupervision.
10. A nurse is appointed to a leadership position in the local hospital. The nurses position would
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
be considered which of the following?
+j +j +j +j +j
a. Informal leadership +j
b. Formal leadership +j
c. Leadership
d. Management
ANS:+jB,+jFormal+jleadership+jis+jbased+jon+joccupying+ja+jposition+jin+jan+jorganization.+jInformal+jleadership+jis+jshown+jby+jan+jindivi
dual+jwho+jdemonstrates+jleadership+joutside+jthe+jscope+jof+ja+jformal+jleadership+jrole+jor+jas+ja+jmember+jof+ja+jgroup.+jLeadership+jis+ja
+jprocess+jof+jinfluence+jwhereby+jthe+jleader+jinfluences+jothers+jtoward+jgoal+jachievement.+jManagement+jis+ja+jprocess+jto+jachieve+jo
rganizational+jgoals.
11. A nursing instructor is evaluating whether the nursing students understand the three
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
fundamental qualities that leaders share. According to Bennis and Nanus, the fundament
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
al qualities of effective leaders are:
+j +j +j +j +j
a. guided vision, passion, and integrity.
+j +j +j +j
b. knowledge of self, honesty, and maturity.
+j +j +j +j +j
c. intelligence, self-confidence, and determination.
+j +j +j
d. honesty, self-awareness, and sociability.
+j +j +j
ANS:+jABennis+jand+jNanus+jlist+jguided+jvision,+jpassion,+jand+jintegrity+jas+jfundamental+jqualities+jof+jeffective+jleaders.+jKnowledge+
jof+jself,+ j honesty+ j and+ j maturity;+ j intelligence,+ j self-confidence+ j and+ j determination;+ j self-
awareness+ j and+ j sociability+ j are+ j all+ j desirable+jtraits+jin+jleaders+jas+jwell+jas+jin+jothers.
12. The six traits identified by Kirkpatrick and Locke that separate leaders from non-leaders were:
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. respectability, trustworthiness, flexibility, self-confidence, intelligence, sociability.
+j +j +j +j +j
b. self-
confidence, progression of experiences, influence of others, personal life factors, honesty, dri
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ve.
c. intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, sociability, honesty.
+j +j +j +j +j
d. drive, desire to lead, honesty, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of business.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ANS:+jD,+jResearch+jby+jKirkpatrick+jand+jLocke+jconcluded+jthat+jleaders+jpossess+jsix+jtraits:+jdrive,+jdesire+jto+jlead,+jhonesty,+jself-
+jconfidence,+jcognitive+jability,+jand+jknowledge+jof+jthe+jbusiness.+jWoods+jidentified+jfive+jdominant+jfactors+jthat+jinfluenced+jleade
rship+jdevelopment:+jself-
confidence,+jinnate+jqualities,+jprogression+jof+jexperience,+jinfluence+jof+jsignificant+jothers,+jand+jpersonal+jlife+jfactors.+jStogdill+jid
entified+jthe+jfollowing+jtraits+jof+ja+jleader:+jintelligence,+jself-
+jconfidence,+jdetermination,+jintegrity,+jand+ j sociability.+jMurphy+jand+jDeBack+jidentified+jthe+jfollowing+jleader+jcharacteristics:+j
caring,+jrespectability,+jtrustworthiness,+jand+jflexibility.
13. A nurse manager who uses a leadership style that is participatory and where authori
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ty is delegated to others is most likely using which of the following leadership styles?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Autocratic
b. Democratic
c. Laissez-faire
+j +j +j +j +j
hip & Management 7th Edition Sally A.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
Weiss Complete All Chapters 2024
+j +j +j +j
,Chapter 1: Nursing Leadership and Management
+j +j +j +j +j +j
MULTIPLE CHOICE +j
1. According to Henri Fayol, the functions of planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlli
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ng are considered which aspect of management?
+j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Roles
b. Process
c. Functions
d. Taxonomy
ANS:+jB,+jThe+jmanagement+jprocess+jincludes+jplanning,+jorganizing,+jcoordinating,+jand+jcontrolling.+jManagement+jroles+jinclude+j
information+jprocessing,+jinterpersonal+jrelationships,+jand+jdecision+jmaking.+jManagement+jfunctions+jinclude+jplanning,+jorganizin
g,+jstaffing,+jdirecting,+jcoordinating,+jreporting,+jand+jbudgeting.+jA+jtaxonomy+jis+ja+jsystem+jthat+jorders+jprinciples+jinto+ja+jgrouping
+jor+jclassification.
2. Which of the following is considered a decisional managerial role?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Disseminator
b. Figurehead
c. Leader
d. Entrepreneur
ANS:+jD,+jThe+jdecisional+jmanagerial+jroles+jinclude+jentrepreneur,+jdisturbance+jhandler,+jallocator+jof+jresources,+jand+jnegotiator.+j
The+jinformation+jprocessing+jmanagerial+jroles+jinclude+jmonitor,+jdisseminator,+jand+jspokesperson.+jThe+jinterpersonal+jmanageria
l+jroles+jinclude+jfigurehead,+jleader,+jand+jliaison.
3. A nurse manager meets regularly with other nurse managers, participates on the organiza
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
tions committees, and attends meetings sponsored by professional organizations in order to ma
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
nage relationships. These activities are considered which function of a manager?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Informing
b. Problem solving +j
c. Monitoring
d. Networking
ANS:+jD,+jThe+jrole+jfunctions+jto+jmanage+jrelationships+jare+jnetworking,+jsupporting,+jdeveloping+jand+jmentoring,+jmanaging+jconf
lict+jand+jteam+jbuilding,+jmotivating+jand+jinspiring,+jrecognizing,+jand+jrewarding.+jThe+jrole+jfunctions+jto+jmanage+jthe+jwork+jare+jpl
anning+jand+jorganizing,+jproblem+jsolving,+jclarifying+jroles+jand+jobjectives,+jinforming,+jmonitoring,+jconsulting,+jand+jdelegating.
4. A nurse was recently promoted to a middle-
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j
level manager position. The nurses title would most likely be which of the following?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. First-line manager +j
b. Director
c. Vice president of patient care services
+j +j +j +j +j
d. Chief nurse executive
+j +j
ANS:+jB,+jA+jmiddle-level+jmanager+jis+jcalled+ja+jdirector.+jA+jlow+jmanagerial-+jlevel+jjob+jis+jcalled+jthe+jfirst-
line+jmanager.+jA+jnurse+jin+jan+jexecutive+jlevel+jrole+jis+jcalled+ja+jchief+jnurse+jexecutive+jor+jvice+jpresident+jof+jpatient+jcare+jservices.
5. A nurse manager who uses Frederick Taylors scientific management approach, would most like
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ly focus on which of the following?
+j +j +j +j +j +j
, a. General principles +j
b. Positional authority +j
c. Labor productivity
+j
d. Impersonal relations +j
ANS:+jC,+jThe+jarea+jof+jfocus+jfor+jscientific+jmanagement+jis+jlabor+jproductivity.+jIn+jbureaucratic+jtheory,+jefficiency+jis+jachieved+jthr
ough+jimpersonal+jrelations+jwithin+ja+jformal+jstructure+jand+jis+jbased+jon+jpositional+jauthority.+jAdministrative+jprinciple+jtheory+jcon
sists+jof+jprinciples+jof+jmanagement+jthat+jare+jrelevant+jto+jany+jorganization.
6. According to Vrooms Theory of Motivation, force:
+j +j +j +j +j +j
a. is the perceived possibility that the goal will be achieved.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
b. describes the amount of effort one will exert to reach ones goal.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
c. describes people who have free will but choose to comply with orders they are given.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
d. is a naturally forming social group that can become a contributor to an organization.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ANS:+jB,+jAccording+jto+jVrooms+jTheory+jof+jMotivation,+jForce+jdescribes+jthe+jamount+jof+jeffort+jone+jwill+jexert+jto+jreach+jones+jg
oal.+jValence+jspeaks+jto+jthe+jlevel+jof+jattractiveness+jor+junattractiveness+jof+jthe+jgoal.+jExpectancy+jis+jthe+jperceived+jpossibility+jtha
t+jthe+jgoal+jwill+jbe+jachieved.+jVrooms+jTheory+jof+jMotivation+jcan+jbe+jdemonstrated+jin+jthe+jform+jof+jan+jequation:+jForce+j=+jValen
ce+jExpectancy+j(Vroom,+j1964).+jThe+jtheory+jproposes+jthat+jthis+jequation+jcan+jhelp+jto+jpredict+jthe+jmotivation,+jor+jforce,+jof+jan+jin
dividual+jas+jdescribed+jby+jVroom.
7. According to R. N. Lussier, motivation:
+j +j +j +j +j
a. is unconsciously demonstrated by people.
+j +j +j +j
b. occurs externally to influence behavior.
+j +j +j +j
c. is determined by others choices.
+j +j +j +j
d. occurs internally to influence behavior.
+j +j +j +j
ANS:+jD,+jMotivation+jis+ja+jprocess+jthat+joccurs+jinternally+jto+jinfluence+jand+jdirect+jour+jbehavior+jin+jorder+jto+jsatisfy+jneeds.+jMoti
vation+jis+jnot+jexplicitly+jdemonstrated+jby+jpeople,+jbut+jrather+jit+jis+jinterpreted+jfrom+jtheir+jbehavior.+jMotivation+jis+jwhatever+jinfl
uences+jour+jchoices+jand+jcreates+jdirection,+jintensity,+jand+jpersistence+jin+jour+jbehavior.
8. According to R. N. Lussier, there are content motivation theories and process motivati
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
on theories. Which of the following is considered a process motivation theory?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Equity theory +j
b. Hierarchy of needs theory +j +j +j
c. Existence-relatedness-growth theory +j
d. Hygiene maintenance and motivation factors
+j +j +j +j
ANS:+jA,+jThe+jprocess+jmotivation+jtheories+jare+jequity+jtheory+jand+jexpectancy+jtheory.+jThe+jcontent+jmotivation+jtheories+jinclude
+jMaslows+jhierarchy+jof+jneeds+jtheory,+jAldefers+jexistence-+jrelatedness-
growth+j(ERG)+jtheory,+jand+jHerzbergs+jhygiene+jmaintenance+jfactors+jand+jmotivation+jfactors.
9. The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Maslows hierarchy of needs. +j +j +j
b. Herzbergs two-factor theory. +j +j
c. McGregors theory X and theory Y. +j +j +j +j +j
d. Ouchis theory Z. +j +j
, ANS:+jB,+jThe+jtwo-
factor+jtheory+jof+jmotivation+jincludes+jmotivation+jand+jmaintenance+jfactors.+jMaslows+jhierarchy+jof+jneeds+jincludes+jthe+jfollowing+
jneeds:+jphysiological,+jsafety,+jsecurity,+jbelonging,+jand+jself-
actualization.+jIn+jtheory+jX,+jemployees+jprefer+jsecurity,+jdirection,+jand+jminimal+jresponsibility.+jIn+jtheory+jY,+jemployees+jenjoy+jth
eir+jwork,+jshow+jself-
control+jand+jdiscipline,+jare+jable+jto+jcontribute+jcreatively,+jand+jare+jmotivated+jby+jties+jto+jthe+jgroup,+jorganization,+jand+jthe+jwork+jit
self.+jThe+jfocus+jof+jtheory+jZ+jis+jcollective+jdecision+jmaking+jand+jlong-
term+jemployment+jthat+jinvolves+jslower+jpromotions+jand+jless+jdirect+jsupervision.
10. A nurse is appointed to a leadership position in the local hospital. The nurses position would
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
be considered which of the following?
+j +j +j +j +j
a. Informal leadership +j
b. Formal leadership +j
c. Leadership
d. Management
ANS:+jB,+jFormal+jleadership+jis+jbased+jon+joccupying+ja+jposition+jin+jan+jorganization.+jInformal+jleadership+jis+jshown+jby+jan+jindivi
dual+jwho+jdemonstrates+jleadership+joutside+jthe+jscope+jof+ja+jformal+jleadership+jrole+jor+jas+ja+jmember+jof+ja+jgroup.+jLeadership+jis+ja
+jprocess+jof+jinfluence+jwhereby+jthe+jleader+jinfluences+jothers+jtoward+jgoal+jachievement.+jManagement+jis+ja+jprocess+jto+jachieve+jo
rganizational+jgoals.
11. A nursing instructor is evaluating whether the nursing students understand the three
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
fundamental qualities that leaders share. According to Bennis and Nanus, the fundament
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
al qualities of effective leaders are:
+j +j +j +j +j
a. guided vision, passion, and integrity.
+j +j +j +j
b. knowledge of self, honesty, and maturity.
+j +j +j +j +j
c. intelligence, self-confidence, and determination.
+j +j +j
d. honesty, self-awareness, and sociability.
+j +j +j
ANS:+jABennis+jand+jNanus+jlist+jguided+jvision,+jpassion,+jand+jintegrity+jas+jfundamental+jqualities+jof+jeffective+jleaders.+jKnowledge+
jof+jself,+ j honesty+ j and+ j maturity;+ j intelligence,+ j self-confidence+ j and+ j determination;+ j self-
awareness+ j and+ j sociability+ j are+ j all+ j desirable+jtraits+jin+jleaders+jas+jwell+jas+jin+jothers.
12. The six traits identified by Kirkpatrick and Locke that separate leaders from non-leaders were:
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. respectability, trustworthiness, flexibility, self-confidence, intelligence, sociability.
+j +j +j +j +j
b. self-
confidence, progression of experiences, influence of others, personal life factors, honesty, dri
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ve.
c. intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, sociability, honesty.
+j +j +j +j +j
d. drive, desire to lead, honesty, self-confidence, cognitive ability, knowledge of business.
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ANS:+jD,+jResearch+jby+jKirkpatrick+jand+jLocke+jconcluded+jthat+jleaders+jpossess+jsix+jtraits:+jdrive,+jdesire+jto+jlead,+jhonesty,+jself-
+jconfidence,+jcognitive+jability,+jand+jknowledge+jof+jthe+jbusiness.+jWoods+jidentified+jfive+jdominant+jfactors+jthat+jinfluenced+jleade
rship+jdevelopment:+jself-
confidence,+jinnate+jqualities,+jprogression+jof+jexperience,+jinfluence+jof+jsignificant+jothers,+jand+jpersonal+jlife+jfactors.+jStogdill+jid
entified+jthe+jfollowing+jtraits+jof+ja+jleader:+jintelligence,+jself-
+jconfidence,+jdetermination,+jintegrity,+jand+ j sociability.+jMurphy+jand+jDeBack+jidentified+jthe+jfollowing+jleader+jcharacteristics:+j
caring,+jrespectability,+jtrustworthiness,+jand+jflexibility.
13. A nurse manager who uses a leadership style that is participatory and where authori
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
ty is delegated to others is most likely using which of the following leadership styles?
+j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j +j
a. Autocratic
b. Democratic
c. Laissez-faire
