PSYC 140 MODULE 5 EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
T/F: ADHD diagnoses are supposed to factor in the degree to which a child's behavior is
more severe than other children at the same age. - Answers - True
T/F: It is currently hypothesized that drug use during pregnancy may increase the
likelihood of a child having ADHD. - Answers - True
T/F: According to Piaget, children in the Concrete Operational stage can use logic but
still struggle with abstract thought. - Answers - True
T/F: Children whose parents divorced are more likely to themselves get divorced,
compared to other individuals. - Answers - True
Mark says that people shouldn't steal because they'll get in trouble and go to jail. At
what level would Kohlberg most likely categorize this response, according to his theory
of moral development? - Answers - Preconventional
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
What is the most probable reason for why ADHD is typically diagnosed during the early
elementary years? - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] Children must now sit still in school,
and inattentive and impulsive behaviors may be more obvious then.
ADHD is typically diagnosed during the early elementary years because the gross motor
skill development occurs in early childhood.
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
Name and describe two improvements from the Preoperational to Concrete Operational
stages - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] Two of the following need to be named and
described: Conservation (volume and matter stays the same if nothing is added or
removed); Seriation—ordering objects in a row; Classification—of animals, objects, etc.
Preoperational stage last from 2-7 years , during this stage two improvements take
place Toddlers are able to thick symbolically and they learn to play pretend play
Concrete operational stage is from ages 7-11, improvements includes Children start
using logic in this stage, marking the start of operational thought, children start to learn
how things work out like simple math problem solution and they also learn the principle
of conservation.
T/F: In middle childhood, children's heads become more proportionate with the rest of
their bodies. - Answers - True
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
Describe the following two social categories of children: Prosocial popular children and
Antisocial popular children. - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] 2 pts for Prosocial: good
, communication skills, very social. 2 pts for Antisocial: good communication and social
skills, but also aggressive and antagonistic.
Prosocial Popular Children: These are children who are liked by their peers. They get
high positive votes and they have really good social skills. They are good listeners, get
along with their peers and they do not use their popularity or social skills towards harm.
Antisocial Popular Children These children on the other hand use their social skills and
popularity in a harmful way. They could use their popularity to bully others, including
gossiping and bringing down others to get popular.
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
What can parents do to increase the likelihood that children will cope optimally with a
divorce? Provide two suggestions, based on the module. - Answers - [TEACHERS
NOTE] Continue good parenting practices, provide warm parent-child interactions.
To help children cope Optimally with divorce, parents could; Adopt good and balanced
parenting styles that is the authoritative parenting style. Parents should also interact and
communicate warmly with their children
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
Alex recently moved to a new middle school and doesn't feel like he fits in with any of
the cliques. Few kids know his name, and most people ignore him. By the end of the
year, not much has changed. Marcus, however, has attended this middle school for
many years. He is frequently picked on by bullies, although he in turn picks on other
children. What would be the most appropriate peer status label for Marcus, and then for
Alex? - Answers - Marcus: rejected. Alex: Neglected
Thoroughly answer the essay questions. Answers should be in clear, complete
sentences.
Describe Kohlberg's theory of moral development. Describe the Preconventional,
Conventional, and Postconventional levels, being sure to focus on the key features of
each stage. Then, choose one of these levels and provide a detailed example of a
specific child reasoning at that level. Be sure to focus on the why behind the child's
reasoning, just like Kohlberg did. Finally, Kohlberg's theory has been critiqued for a
number of reasons. Describe one of these reasons. Then, indicate whether you think
that this critique is valid, and explain why or why not. - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] 3
points for describing the stages: Preconventional (focus is on self —punishment and
reward; Conventional (focus is on others—such as obeying others and fulfilling
expectations); Postconventional (higher focus, as well as group and personal values). 3
points for an example that successfully illustrates one level. 2 points for accurately
describing a critique, and in sufficient detail. 2 points for the student's evaluation of the
critique---needs to be sufficiently detailed and accurately reflective of the critique as well
as Kohlberg's theory.
Preconventional: This level emphasizes external control of moral behavior, such as
punishment and reward.Conventional: This level focuses on social and societal rules
governing behavior.Postconventional: This level emphasizes internal control of moral
behavior, such as obeying one's conscience. For example, during the Holocaust, lying
T/F: ADHD diagnoses are supposed to factor in the degree to which a child's behavior is
more severe than other children at the same age. - Answers - True
T/F: It is currently hypothesized that drug use during pregnancy may increase the
likelihood of a child having ADHD. - Answers - True
T/F: According to Piaget, children in the Concrete Operational stage can use logic but
still struggle with abstract thought. - Answers - True
T/F: Children whose parents divorced are more likely to themselves get divorced,
compared to other individuals. - Answers - True
Mark says that people shouldn't steal because they'll get in trouble and go to jail. At
what level would Kohlberg most likely categorize this response, according to his theory
of moral development? - Answers - Preconventional
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
What is the most probable reason for why ADHD is typically diagnosed during the early
elementary years? - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] Children must now sit still in school,
and inattentive and impulsive behaviors may be more obvious then.
ADHD is typically diagnosed during the early elementary years because the gross motor
skill development occurs in early childhood.
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
Name and describe two improvements from the Preoperational to Concrete Operational
stages - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] Two of the following need to be named and
described: Conservation (volume and matter stays the same if nothing is added or
removed); Seriation—ordering objects in a row; Classification—of animals, objects, etc.
Preoperational stage last from 2-7 years , during this stage two improvements take
place Toddlers are able to thick symbolically and they learn to play pretend play
Concrete operational stage is from ages 7-11, improvements includes Children start
using logic in this stage, marking the start of operational thought, children start to learn
how things work out like simple math problem solution and they also learn the principle
of conservation.
T/F: In middle childhood, children's heads become more proportionate with the rest of
their bodies. - Answers - True
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
Describe the following two social categories of children: Prosocial popular children and
Antisocial popular children. - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] 2 pts for Prosocial: good
, communication skills, very social. 2 pts for Antisocial: good communication and social
skills, but also aggressive and antagonistic.
Prosocial Popular Children: These are children who are liked by their peers. They get
high positive votes and they have really good social skills. They are good listeners, get
along with their peers and they do not use their popularity or social skills towards harm.
Antisocial Popular Children These children on the other hand use their social skills and
popularity in a harmful way. They could use their popularity to bully others, including
gossiping and bringing down others to get popular.
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
What can parents do to increase the likelihood that children will cope optimally with a
divorce? Provide two suggestions, based on the module. - Answers - [TEACHERS
NOTE] Continue good parenting practices, provide warm parent-child interactions.
To help children cope Optimally with divorce, parents could; Adopt good and balanced
parenting styles that is the authoritative parenting style. Parents should also interact and
communicate warmly with their children
Short essay questions should be answered in full sentences.
Alex recently moved to a new middle school and doesn't feel like he fits in with any of
the cliques. Few kids know his name, and most people ignore him. By the end of the
year, not much has changed. Marcus, however, has attended this middle school for
many years. He is frequently picked on by bullies, although he in turn picks on other
children. What would be the most appropriate peer status label for Marcus, and then for
Alex? - Answers - Marcus: rejected. Alex: Neglected
Thoroughly answer the essay questions. Answers should be in clear, complete
sentences.
Describe Kohlberg's theory of moral development. Describe the Preconventional,
Conventional, and Postconventional levels, being sure to focus on the key features of
each stage. Then, choose one of these levels and provide a detailed example of a
specific child reasoning at that level. Be sure to focus on the why behind the child's
reasoning, just like Kohlberg did. Finally, Kohlberg's theory has been critiqued for a
number of reasons. Describe one of these reasons. Then, indicate whether you think
that this critique is valid, and explain why or why not. - Answers - [TEACHERS NOTE] 3
points for describing the stages: Preconventional (focus is on self —punishment and
reward; Conventional (focus is on others—such as obeying others and fulfilling
expectations); Postconventional (higher focus, as well as group and personal values). 3
points for an example that successfully illustrates one level. 2 points for accurately
describing a critique, and in sufficient detail. 2 points for the student's evaluation of the
critique---needs to be sufficiently detailed and accurately reflective of the critique as well
as Kohlberg's theory.
Preconventional: This level emphasizes external control of moral behavior, such as
punishment and reward.Conventional: This level focuses on social and societal rules
governing behavior.Postconventional: This level emphasizes internal control of moral
behavior, such as obeying one's conscience. For example, during the Holocaust, lying
