NUR 164 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Inflammatory response of acute infection
Redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function, discharge
WBCs count
5000-10000
Neutrophils normal
60-70% increase in acute infections
lymphocytes normal
20-40% increased in chronic bacterial and viral infections
monocytes normal
2-8% increased in severe infections
eosinophil normal
1-4% may be increased in allergic reaction
basophil normal
0.5-1% usually unaffected by infections
elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
red blood cells settle more rapidly to the bottom of a tube of
whole blood when an inflammation is present
presence of a pathogen in ____________ of urine, blood,
sputum, or other (wound drainage)
, cultures
transient bacteria
attached loosely on skin, removed with relative ease
resident bacteria
Bacteria found under fingernails, in hair follicles, and in the
openings of sebaceous glands, and in the deeper layers of the
skin
CAUTI
catheter associated urinary tract infection
SSI
surgical site infection
CLABSI
central line associated blood stream infection
VAP
ventilator associated pneumonia
Risk factors for Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)
compromised immune, recent surgery, invasive devices,
prolonged abx use (esp. VANC.), prolonged hospitalization
C. diff (Clostridium difficile)
when abx are prescribed or taken for long periods of time,
helpful bacteria are destroyed and c.difficile bacteria can grow
out of control, creating bacterial imbalance
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Inflammatory response of acute infection
Redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function, discharge
WBCs count
5000-10000
Neutrophils normal
60-70% increase in acute infections
lymphocytes normal
20-40% increased in chronic bacterial and viral infections
monocytes normal
2-8% increased in severe infections
eosinophil normal
1-4% may be increased in allergic reaction
basophil normal
0.5-1% usually unaffected by infections
elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
red blood cells settle more rapidly to the bottom of a tube of
whole blood when an inflammation is present
presence of a pathogen in ____________ of urine, blood,
sputum, or other (wound drainage)
, cultures
transient bacteria
attached loosely on skin, removed with relative ease
resident bacteria
Bacteria found under fingernails, in hair follicles, and in the
openings of sebaceous glands, and in the deeper layers of the
skin
CAUTI
catheter associated urinary tract infection
SSI
surgical site infection
CLABSI
central line associated blood stream infection
VAP
ventilator associated pneumonia
Risk factors for Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)
compromised immune, recent surgery, invasive devices,
prolonged abx use (esp. VANC.), prolonged hospitalization
C. diff (Clostridium difficile)
when abx are prescribed or taken for long periods of time,
helpful bacteria are destroyed and c.difficile bacteria can grow
out of control, creating bacterial imbalance
