CPAER CANADA COMMERCIAL PILOT
ACTUAL TEST PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ In addition to day VFR instruments what instruments/equipment are
required for Night VFR? Answer: 1. Turn Coordinator/Turn and Bank
Indicator
2. Heading Indicator
3. Pilot access to all fuses and 50% of spare fuses
4. Landing light (when carrying paxs)
5. Position and Anti-collison lights
⩥ True or False. For a flight at 10,000' oxygen is required for all crew
and 10% of paxs if the flight is greater than 30 minutes? Answer: False.
The rule is "above 10,000 feet".
⩥ True of False; The PIC is always considered the Aircraft operator?
Answer: False; only the owner or lessee of the Aircraft is considered the
Operator.
⩥ Describe runway lighting requirements for an Aerodrome? Answer:
white runway edge lights or white retro-reflectors evenly placed
distanced no more than 60 m (200 feet) and visible for at least 2 NM and
parking areas are
,marked by blue lights or blue retro-reflectors distanced no more than 60
m (200 feet), or with floodlighting.
⩥ Can reflectors be used in place of lights for a runway at an
aerodrome? Answer: yes
⩥ What are the CARs requirements for Forest Fire Areas Answer: No
unauthorized person shall operate an aircraft over a forest fire area, or
over any area that is located within 5 NM of one, at an altitude of less
than 3000 ft. AGL. Transport Canada may issue a NOTAM to restrict the
airspace further around a forest fire.
⩥ Describe class B Airspace in Canada Answer: Starts at 12,500 ASL
and includes all controlled airspace. It requires a Clearance, flight plan
to enter (IFR and CVFR only). It does not include class G Airspace.
⩥ How long can flight duty time be extended and what are the
conditions of such an extension? Answer: Flight time can be extended up
to 3 hours so long as the air operator provides advanced notice of the
extension and the rest period is at least 6 hours with 4 consecutive hours
and the rest period for the following duty day is increased by the amount
of the extension of flight time.
⩥ In 2018 TC changed the time period for alcohol consumption from
_________ hours to ________ hours prior to a flight. Answer: 8 to 12
hours
,⩥ What is a rhumb line and what type of map is it found on? Answer: A
curved line that crosses all meridians at the same angle. It is not the
shortest distance from one point to another (except on the equator). It is
found on a Transverse Mercator Projection style map (e.g. VTA).
⩥ Describe a Transverse mercator Projection Answer: This is the type of
map used for VTAs and it is extr
⩥ What is the difference between a HI, HSI and RMI? Answer: 1.
Heading Indicator (HI) is operated by a gyroscope to provide a magnetic
heading. It usually must be set manually to the compass.
2. Horizontal Situational Indicator (HSI) is slaved to a compass and is a
VOR receiver. TO/FROM does not need to be interpreted as it does with
a traditional VOR.
3. Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) is heading indicator slaved to a
magnetic flux valve to provide a magnetic heading and contains 2
bearing pointers which provide ADF and VOR magnetic bearings.
⩥ List the different types of projections and the maps they are used on.
Answer: VNC= Lambert Conformal conic
VTA = Transverse Mectar Projection
⩥ Describe VNC type maps Answer: Lambert Conformal Conic
Projections
, Scale is 1:500,000
Uses a Great Circle
⩥ Describe VTA maps Answer: VTA (VFR Terminal Area) maps are
Transverse Mectar Projection style maps.
Scale is 1:250,000
uses Rhumb Lines
⩥ What is the saturated and dry adiabatic lapse rate? Answer: 1.5 C/
1000' (saturated) 3 C/1000' (Dry)
⩥ The heating or cooling without adding or subtracting heat is known as
what? Answer: the adiabatic process
⩥ What are regulations around smoking or displaying an open flame at
an Aerodrome Apron? Answer: 1. No person shall smoke or display an
open flame on an apron unless in an enclosed building or shelter where
such smoking is not likely to create a fire hazard
2. Unless authorized maintenance ops require an open flame and not
likely to cause a fire.
⩥ When is survival gear NOT required on a flight Answer: 1. AC has a
two way radio and within 25 NM of departure Aerodrome.
2. If flying a Balloon, hang glider, Gyroplane, or an ultra light.
ACTUAL TEST PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ In addition to day VFR instruments what instruments/equipment are
required for Night VFR? Answer: 1. Turn Coordinator/Turn and Bank
Indicator
2. Heading Indicator
3. Pilot access to all fuses and 50% of spare fuses
4. Landing light (when carrying paxs)
5. Position and Anti-collison lights
⩥ True or False. For a flight at 10,000' oxygen is required for all crew
and 10% of paxs if the flight is greater than 30 minutes? Answer: False.
The rule is "above 10,000 feet".
⩥ True of False; The PIC is always considered the Aircraft operator?
Answer: False; only the owner or lessee of the Aircraft is considered the
Operator.
⩥ Describe runway lighting requirements for an Aerodrome? Answer:
white runway edge lights or white retro-reflectors evenly placed
distanced no more than 60 m (200 feet) and visible for at least 2 NM and
parking areas are
,marked by blue lights or blue retro-reflectors distanced no more than 60
m (200 feet), or with floodlighting.
⩥ Can reflectors be used in place of lights for a runway at an
aerodrome? Answer: yes
⩥ What are the CARs requirements for Forest Fire Areas Answer: No
unauthorized person shall operate an aircraft over a forest fire area, or
over any area that is located within 5 NM of one, at an altitude of less
than 3000 ft. AGL. Transport Canada may issue a NOTAM to restrict the
airspace further around a forest fire.
⩥ Describe class B Airspace in Canada Answer: Starts at 12,500 ASL
and includes all controlled airspace. It requires a Clearance, flight plan
to enter (IFR and CVFR only). It does not include class G Airspace.
⩥ How long can flight duty time be extended and what are the
conditions of such an extension? Answer: Flight time can be extended up
to 3 hours so long as the air operator provides advanced notice of the
extension and the rest period is at least 6 hours with 4 consecutive hours
and the rest period for the following duty day is increased by the amount
of the extension of flight time.
⩥ In 2018 TC changed the time period for alcohol consumption from
_________ hours to ________ hours prior to a flight. Answer: 8 to 12
hours
,⩥ What is a rhumb line and what type of map is it found on? Answer: A
curved line that crosses all meridians at the same angle. It is not the
shortest distance from one point to another (except on the equator). It is
found on a Transverse Mercator Projection style map (e.g. VTA).
⩥ Describe a Transverse mercator Projection Answer: This is the type of
map used for VTAs and it is extr
⩥ What is the difference between a HI, HSI and RMI? Answer: 1.
Heading Indicator (HI) is operated by a gyroscope to provide a magnetic
heading. It usually must be set manually to the compass.
2. Horizontal Situational Indicator (HSI) is slaved to a compass and is a
VOR receiver. TO/FROM does not need to be interpreted as it does with
a traditional VOR.
3. Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) is heading indicator slaved to a
magnetic flux valve to provide a magnetic heading and contains 2
bearing pointers which provide ADF and VOR magnetic bearings.
⩥ List the different types of projections and the maps they are used on.
Answer: VNC= Lambert Conformal conic
VTA = Transverse Mectar Projection
⩥ Describe VNC type maps Answer: Lambert Conformal Conic
Projections
, Scale is 1:500,000
Uses a Great Circle
⩥ Describe VTA maps Answer: VTA (VFR Terminal Area) maps are
Transverse Mectar Projection style maps.
Scale is 1:250,000
uses Rhumb Lines
⩥ What is the saturated and dry adiabatic lapse rate? Answer: 1.5 C/
1000' (saturated) 3 C/1000' (Dry)
⩥ The heating or cooling without adding or subtracting heat is known as
what? Answer: the adiabatic process
⩥ What are regulations around smoking or displaying an open flame at
an Aerodrome Apron? Answer: 1. No person shall smoke or display an
open flame on an apron unless in an enclosed building or shelter where
such smoking is not likely to create a fire hazard
2. Unless authorized maintenance ops require an open flame and not
likely to cause a fire.
⩥ When is survival gear NOT required on a flight Answer: 1. AC has a
two way radio and within 25 NM of departure Aerodrome.
2. If flying a Balloon, hang glider, Gyroplane, or an ultra light.
