MDC 3 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & VALID
CORRECT SOLUTIONS ALL PASSED
100%
hyperventilation, if someone is blowing off too much CO2 they become more - Correct
Answer ✔✔ Alkaline, respiratory alkalosis
if a patient's lung are not functioning very well and they are unable to remove or blow off
CO2 very well, the CO2 will build up in their system becoming - Correct Answer ✔✔
acidic, respiratory acidosis
Perfusion - Correct Answer ✔✔ is adequate arterial blood flow through the peripheral
tissues (peripheral perfusion) and blood that is pumped by the heart to oxygenate major
body organs (central perfusion)
upper respiratory tract - Correct Answer ✔✔ nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx
Lower respiratory tract - Correct Answer ✔✔ Lungs,Trachea, two mainstem bronchi,
lobar, segmental, and subsegmental bronchi; bronchioles; alveolar ducts; alveoli
common cause of respiratory ailments - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cigarette smoke
Nursing care of a patient experiencing upper respiratory system disorders - Correct
Answer ✔✔ maintaining a patent airway to allow adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Along with a focused respiratory assessment, the nurse will utilize information obtained
from the patient and family during the admission history interview. Information regarding
the patient's history of upper respiratory disorders, smoking, and environmental
exposures will be utilized to determine the necessary testing and treatment
Normal Changes in Aging Adults - Correct Answer ✔✔ Alveoli function decreases
Ability to cough decreases
Lungs loose residual volume, vital capacity and gas exchange decreases.
Respiratory muscles atrophy
Vascular resistance increases, capillary flow decreases
Susceptibility to infection increases.
The turbinates - Correct Answer ✔✔ three bones that protrude into the nasal cavities
from the internal portion of the nose
increase the total surface area for filtering, warming, and humidifying inspired air before
it passes into the nasopharynx.
,The paranasal sinuses - Correct Answer ✔✔ air-filled cavities within the bones that
surround the nasal passages
Lined with ciliated membrane, the sinuses provide resonance to speech, decrease the
weight of the skull, and act as shock absorbers in the event of facial trauma..
Fremitus refers to vibratory tremors that can be felt through the chest by palpation,
Increased fremitus may indicate - Correct Answer ✔✔ compression or consolidation of
lung tissue, as occurs in pneumonia.
Lung sounds - Correct Answer ✔✔ Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Vesicular
Adventitious sounds - Correct Answer ✔✔ Crackles
Wheezes
Rhonchus
Pleural friction rub
Other Indicators of Respiratory Adequacy - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cyanosis, decreased
capillary refill, clubbing of nails in fingers, level of consciousness, Chest Circumference,
Anxiety, Dyspnea Orthopnea, General Appearance
Diagnostic Assessment of lungs - Correct Answer ✔✔ Laboratory assessment
- RBC
- ABG- is a blood gas and this tells us the acid base balance of the patient
- Sputum- can tell us if microorganisms are growing in the lung - describe color, clarity,
and any odor
Imaging assessment
- x-rays-Xrays show us areas of opaque which usually indicate pneumonia/consolidation
of fluid
-CT- computed tomography. Lung nodules, areas of fluid buildup
Other noninvasive diagnostic assessments
- Pulse oximetry-circulating O2- tells us oxygen levels in the tissues- usually fingers,
toes, or earlobes
- Capnometry and capnography-how much CO2 is leaving the lungs.
-PFTs-Lung function- tell us how well the lungs function at moving air in and out
- Exercise testing-Exercise tolerance
Invasive Diagnostic Assessment - Correct Answer ✔✔ -Endoscopic examinations
-Bronchoscopy- is a camera that looks at the airway passages
-Thoracentesis- can remove fluid buildup from the lung
-Lung biopsy- is used to diagnose some lung diseases or cancer
, Which assessment finding for an older adult patient does the nurse ascribe to the
natural aging process? - Correct Answer ✔✔ A.Tightening of the vocal cords
B.Decrease in residual volume
C.Decrease in the anteroposterior diameter
D.Decrease in respiratory muscle strength
D. As a person ages, vocal cords become slack, changing the quality and strength of
the voice; the anteroposterior diameter increases; respiratory muscle strength
decreases; and the residual volume increases.
The nurse knows that under normal physiologic conditions of tissue perfusion, a patient
will have what percent of oxygen dissociate from the hemoglobin molecule? - Correct
Answer ✔✔ A.25%
B.50%
C.75%
D.100%
ANS: B
Oxygen dissociates with the hemoglobin molecule based on the need for oxygen to
perfuse tissues. Under normal conditions, 50% of hemoglobin molecules completely
dissociate their oxygen molecules when blood perfuses tissues that have an oxygen
tension (concentration) of 26 mm Hg. This is considered a "normal" point at which 50%
of hemoglobin molecules are no longer saturated with oxygen.
Which assessment finding does the nurse interpret that is associated most closely with
lung disease? - Correct Answer ✔✔ A.Cough
B.Dyspnea
C.Chest pain
D.Sputum production
ANS: A
Cough is a main sign of lung disease. Dyspnea (difficulty in breathing or
breathlessness) is a subjective perception and varies among patients. A patient's feeling
of dyspnea may not be consistent with the severity of the presenting problem. Sputum
production may be associated with coughing and indicate an acute or chronic lung
condition. Chest pain can occur with other health problems, as well as with lung
problems.
Head and Neck Cancer - Correct Answer ✔✔ Squamous cell carcinoma and slow
growing
Begins with mucus that is chronically irritated, becoming tougher and thicker
Leukoplakia and erythroplakia lesions
Spreads to local lymph nodes, muscle and bone, then to liver or lungs.
CORRECT SOLUTIONS ALL PASSED
100%
hyperventilation, if someone is blowing off too much CO2 they become more - Correct
Answer ✔✔ Alkaline, respiratory alkalosis
if a patient's lung are not functioning very well and they are unable to remove or blow off
CO2 very well, the CO2 will build up in their system becoming - Correct Answer ✔✔
acidic, respiratory acidosis
Perfusion - Correct Answer ✔✔ is adequate arterial blood flow through the peripheral
tissues (peripheral perfusion) and blood that is pumped by the heart to oxygenate major
body organs (central perfusion)
upper respiratory tract - Correct Answer ✔✔ nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx
Lower respiratory tract - Correct Answer ✔✔ Lungs,Trachea, two mainstem bronchi,
lobar, segmental, and subsegmental bronchi; bronchioles; alveolar ducts; alveoli
common cause of respiratory ailments - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cigarette smoke
Nursing care of a patient experiencing upper respiratory system disorders - Correct
Answer ✔✔ maintaining a patent airway to allow adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Along with a focused respiratory assessment, the nurse will utilize information obtained
from the patient and family during the admission history interview. Information regarding
the patient's history of upper respiratory disorders, smoking, and environmental
exposures will be utilized to determine the necessary testing and treatment
Normal Changes in Aging Adults - Correct Answer ✔✔ Alveoli function decreases
Ability to cough decreases
Lungs loose residual volume, vital capacity and gas exchange decreases.
Respiratory muscles atrophy
Vascular resistance increases, capillary flow decreases
Susceptibility to infection increases.
The turbinates - Correct Answer ✔✔ three bones that protrude into the nasal cavities
from the internal portion of the nose
increase the total surface area for filtering, warming, and humidifying inspired air before
it passes into the nasopharynx.
,The paranasal sinuses - Correct Answer ✔✔ air-filled cavities within the bones that
surround the nasal passages
Lined with ciliated membrane, the sinuses provide resonance to speech, decrease the
weight of the skull, and act as shock absorbers in the event of facial trauma..
Fremitus refers to vibratory tremors that can be felt through the chest by palpation,
Increased fremitus may indicate - Correct Answer ✔✔ compression or consolidation of
lung tissue, as occurs in pneumonia.
Lung sounds - Correct Answer ✔✔ Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Vesicular
Adventitious sounds - Correct Answer ✔✔ Crackles
Wheezes
Rhonchus
Pleural friction rub
Other Indicators of Respiratory Adequacy - Correct Answer ✔✔ Cyanosis, decreased
capillary refill, clubbing of nails in fingers, level of consciousness, Chest Circumference,
Anxiety, Dyspnea Orthopnea, General Appearance
Diagnostic Assessment of lungs - Correct Answer ✔✔ Laboratory assessment
- RBC
- ABG- is a blood gas and this tells us the acid base balance of the patient
- Sputum- can tell us if microorganisms are growing in the lung - describe color, clarity,
and any odor
Imaging assessment
- x-rays-Xrays show us areas of opaque which usually indicate pneumonia/consolidation
of fluid
-CT- computed tomography. Lung nodules, areas of fluid buildup
Other noninvasive diagnostic assessments
- Pulse oximetry-circulating O2- tells us oxygen levels in the tissues- usually fingers,
toes, or earlobes
- Capnometry and capnography-how much CO2 is leaving the lungs.
-PFTs-Lung function- tell us how well the lungs function at moving air in and out
- Exercise testing-Exercise tolerance
Invasive Diagnostic Assessment - Correct Answer ✔✔ -Endoscopic examinations
-Bronchoscopy- is a camera that looks at the airway passages
-Thoracentesis- can remove fluid buildup from the lung
-Lung biopsy- is used to diagnose some lung diseases or cancer
, Which assessment finding for an older adult patient does the nurse ascribe to the
natural aging process? - Correct Answer ✔✔ A.Tightening of the vocal cords
B.Decrease in residual volume
C.Decrease in the anteroposterior diameter
D.Decrease in respiratory muscle strength
D. As a person ages, vocal cords become slack, changing the quality and strength of
the voice; the anteroposterior diameter increases; respiratory muscle strength
decreases; and the residual volume increases.
The nurse knows that under normal physiologic conditions of tissue perfusion, a patient
will have what percent of oxygen dissociate from the hemoglobin molecule? - Correct
Answer ✔✔ A.25%
B.50%
C.75%
D.100%
ANS: B
Oxygen dissociates with the hemoglobin molecule based on the need for oxygen to
perfuse tissues. Under normal conditions, 50% of hemoglobin molecules completely
dissociate their oxygen molecules when blood perfuses tissues that have an oxygen
tension (concentration) of 26 mm Hg. This is considered a "normal" point at which 50%
of hemoglobin molecules are no longer saturated with oxygen.
Which assessment finding does the nurse interpret that is associated most closely with
lung disease? - Correct Answer ✔✔ A.Cough
B.Dyspnea
C.Chest pain
D.Sputum production
ANS: A
Cough is a main sign of lung disease. Dyspnea (difficulty in breathing or
breathlessness) is a subjective perception and varies among patients. A patient's feeling
of dyspnea may not be consistent with the severity of the presenting problem. Sputum
production may be associated with coughing and indicate an acute or chronic lung
condition. Chest pain can occur with other health problems, as well as with lung
problems.
Head and Neck Cancer - Correct Answer ✔✔ Squamous cell carcinoma and slow
growing
Begins with mucus that is chronically irritated, becoming tougher and thicker
Leukoplakia and erythroplakia lesions
Spreads to local lymph nodes, muscle and bone, then to liver or lungs.
