EDHD320 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.What are the main tenants of middle childhood? - ANSWERS✔-•Approx. 1st
through 5th grade (6/7-11 years) = "primary school years"
•Healthy time of life
•Changes in physical, cognitive, moral, social, and emotional development during
this period "sets the stage" for adolescence
\.What is the physical growth in middle childhood like? - ANSWERS✔-•Growth
"slow and steady": 2-3 inches a year, 5-7 lbs a year
•Most pronounced physical changes and changes in proportions
oMuscle mass increases, body fat decreases (slim looking)
•Gender Difference: Boys slightly taller and more muscular (weigh more)
•Hearing inclined; vision declined (primarily genetics and Chinese children have
the worst vision possibly due to little sunlight and lots of studying)
\.What is the gross motor development skills like for middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Becomes much smoother and more coordinated (increased balance)
•Involvement in organized sports increases
•Should be engaged in active, rater than passive activities
,o60 min a day is recommended
•Gender differences
oBoys > Girls to participate in sports but its changing worldwide
\.What is the fine motor development skills like for middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Increase in precision and speed, better coordinated (hand, arm,
fingers)
•~ 8 - 10 years
owriting improves and becomes smaller and neater
ocan write in cursive (not particularly part of curriculum anymore)
•~ 10 - 12 years
oFine motor skills will reach adult maturity by end of middle childhood vs. gross
motor skills continue to develop
•Gender differences
oGirls > Boys in fine motor skills (e.g. knitting)
\.What impacts physical development in middle childhood? - ANSWERS✔-
1.Nutrition/ eating behavior (e.g. obesity)
2.Exercise ( e.g. sedentary behaviors)
3.Culture ( e. g. attitudes/ values)
4.Illnesses/ injuries (e.g. asthma)
5.Poverty ( e.g. limited healthcare)
,\.What are the different cultural perspectives to malnutrition and its
developmental affects for middle childhood? - ANSWERS✔-•Malnutrition a
problem even for resilient children
•Guatemalan study found differences in children based on early nutrition
o40 % stunted growth
oChronic malnutrition
oVideo
•They have enough food, the nutrition isn't there
•Drastic differences from rich and poverty
•Eat a lot of tortillas, and beans only twice a week
•Culture can be an issue too
\.What are the malnutrition issues for most developed countries? - ANSWERS✔-
•Developed countries tend to have over nutrition problems
oOverweight - BMI over 18
oObesity - BMI over 21
•In the U.S. childhood obesity has more than tripled since 1970s
o2015-6 data shows nearly 1/5 school age children are obese
oEthnic and SES differences
oHighest in lower SES, African Americans and Latinos
•Cross-cultural comparison - see Figure 7.1/7.2
oU.S. highest in overweight and obesity
•Overweight and obesity highest in most affluent regions and lowest affluent in
developed countries
, \.Why has obesity increased and what social/physical consequences are there for
children? - ANSWERS✔-•Increase in obesity due to diet, television viewing, and
genetics
•Obesity can lead to social/physical consequences for children
1.Socially can lead to exclusion and ridicule
2.Can lead to later emotional and behavioral problems
3.Can lead to diabetes, heart disease in adulthood
•This is in contrast to malnutrition in developing countries (e.g. Guatemala)
•Video XXL in America
\.What are the main tenants of cognitive advancement in middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Overall, children become more systematic and logical in their
thinking
•Memory capacity increases as does use of memory strategies (mnemonics)
oe.g. EGBDF on a piano
\.How does the brain and cognitive functions develop for middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Most dramatic growth takes places in the temporal and parietal
lobes
•From middle to late childhood, there is a shift from diffuse, larger areas to more
focal, smaller areas
1.Increased "cognitive control"
2.Better at paying attention
3.Reducing interfering thoughts
COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.What are the main tenants of middle childhood? - ANSWERS✔-•Approx. 1st
through 5th grade (6/7-11 years) = "primary school years"
•Healthy time of life
•Changes in physical, cognitive, moral, social, and emotional development during
this period "sets the stage" for adolescence
\.What is the physical growth in middle childhood like? - ANSWERS✔-•Growth
"slow and steady": 2-3 inches a year, 5-7 lbs a year
•Most pronounced physical changes and changes in proportions
oMuscle mass increases, body fat decreases (slim looking)
•Gender Difference: Boys slightly taller and more muscular (weigh more)
•Hearing inclined; vision declined (primarily genetics and Chinese children have
the worst vision possibly due to little sunlight and lots of studying)
\.What is the gross motor development skills like for middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Becomes much smoother and more coordinated (increased balance)
•Involvement in organized sports increases
•Should be engaged in active, rater than passive activities
,o60 min a day is recommended
•Gender differences
oBoys > Girls to participate in sports but its changing worldwide
\.What is the fine motor development skills like for middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Increase in precision and speed, better coordinated (hand, arm,
fingers)
•~ 8 - 10 years
owriting improves and becomes smaller and neater
ocan write in cursive (not particularly part of curriculum anymore)
•~ 10 - 12 years
oFine motor skills will reach adult maturity by end of middle childhood vs. gross
motor skills continue to develop
•Gender differences
oGirls > Boys in fine motor skills (e.g. knitting)
\.What impacts physical development in middle childhood? - ANSWERS✔-
1.Nutrition/ eating behavior (e.g. obesity)
2.Exercise ( e.g. sedentary behaviors)
3.Culture ( e. g. attitudes/ values)
4.Illnesses/ injuries (e.g. asthma)
5.Poverty ( e.g. limited healthcare)
,\.What are the different cultural perspectives to malnutrition and its
developmental affects for middle childhood? - ANSWERS✔-•Malnutrition a
problem even for resilient children
•Guatemalan study found differences in children based on early nutrition
o40 % stunted growth
oChronic malnutrition
oVideo
•They have enough food, the nutrition isn't there
•Drastic differences from rich and poverty
•Eat a lot of tortillas, and beans only twice a week
•Culture can be an issue too
\.What are the malnutrition issues for most developed countries? - ANSWERS✔-
•Developed countries tend to have over nutrition problems
oOverweight - BMI over 18
oObesity - BMI over 21
•In the U.S. childhood obesity has more than tripled since 1970s
o2015-6 data shows nearly 1/5 school age children are obese
oEthnic and SES differences
oHighest in lower SES, African Americans and Latinos
•Cross-cultural comparison - see Figure 7.1/7.2
oU.S. highest in overweight and obesity
•Overweight and obesity highest in most affluent regions and lowest affluent in
developed countries
, \.Why has obesity increased and what social/physical consequences are there for
children? - ANSWERS✔-•Increase in obesity due to diet, television viewing, and
genetics
•Obesity can lead to social/physical consequences for children
1.Socially can lead to exclusion and ridicule
2.Can lead to later emotional and behavioral problems
3.Can lead to diabetes, heart disease in adulthood
•This is in contrast to malnutrition in developing countries (e.g. Guatemala)
•Video XXL in America
\.What are the main tenants of cognitive advancement in middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Overall, children become more systematic and logical in their
thinking
•Memory capacity increases as does use of memory strategies (mnemonics)
oe.g. EGBDF on a piano
\.How does the brain and cognitive functions develop for middle childhood? -
ANSWERS✔-•Most dramatic growth takes places in the temporal and parietal
lobes
•From middle to late childhood, there is a shift from diffuse, larger areas to more
focal, smaller areas
1.Increased "cognitive control"
2.Better at paying attention
3.Reducing interfering thoughts
